Microattribution

Microattribution

Microattribution

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The term microattribution (a form of data citation) is defined as "giving database accessions the same citation conventions and indices that journal articles currently enjoy".[1] In the sense that the purpose of precise attribution is to extend the scholarly convention of giving citation credit, the provenance of a piece of scholarship (observation or data deposition) is recognized to give credit and priority to a preceding author. Microattribution is thus defined as "a scholarly contribution smaller than a journal article being ascribed to a particular author" or a small scholarly contribution being ascribed to a particular author.[2] Since data accessions can describe contributions that can vastly exceed research articles in size and quality, quantum attribution or precise citation might be better terms.

Origin

The concept was introduced in a February 2007 blog post "Duke of URL" by Myles Axton. "In the interests of giving credit to the resources geneticists find most useful, here are the numbers of papers citing the most frequently cited links."

The term was first used in an April 2007 editorial published in Nature Genetics. "[The Human Variome Project] will need to introduce publishing innovations at both ends of the citation spectrum. It will need to track the citation of each variant's accession code in papers, database entries and across the web. This closing of the online publication loop might be termed microattribution."[3]

Subsequent editorials and blog posts elaborated the idea that the provenance of data accession codes was inseparable from the data and could be used to give credit to the contributors. "Accession numbers to database entries are routinely used for data retrieval. They should now also be used to accrue quantitative credit for their authors in a systematic process of microattribution."[4]

An example of the value of microattributions can be seen in the description of genetic variation. A paper published in Nature Genetics paper in March 2011[5] concluded that microattribution demonstrably increased the reporting of human variants, leading to a comprehensive online resource for systematically describing human genetic variation. A paper on microattribution and nanopublication as means to incentivize the placement of human genome variation data into the public domain was published in June 2012.[6]

Nanopublications

Barend Mons and Jan Velterop proposed nanopublications for single, attributable and machine-readable assertions in scientific literature.[7] From the technical viewpoint, a nanopublication is a Resource Description Framework (RDF) graph built around an assertion represented as a triple (subject-predicate-object) and usually extracted, manually or automatically, from a scientific publication. The nanopublication enriches the assertion with provenance and publication information. The RDF representation format enables interoperability and thus the re-use of data, whereas provenance and publication information eases authorship recognition, credit distribution, and citation.[8]

References

  1. [1]
    Axton, Myles (24 November 2007). "Towards a hermeneutics of quantum citation". Nature Research. Archived from the original on 15 August 2011. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
  2. [2]
    "On microattribution". Gobbledygook. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  3. [3]
    "What is the Human Variome Project?". Nature Genetics. 39 (4): 423. 2007. doi:10.1038/ng0407-423. PMID 17392793. S2CID 28447607.
  4. [4]
    "Compete, collaborate, compel". Nature Genetics. 39 (8): 931. 2007. doi:10.1038/ng0807-931. PMID 17660804. S2CID 38002242.
  5. [5]
    Giardine, Belinda; et al. (April 2011). "Systematic documentation and analysis of human genetic variation in hemoglobinopathies using the microattribution approach, compel". Nature Genetics. 43 (4): 295–301. doi:10.1038/ng.785. PMC 3878152. PMID 21423179. S2CID 733759.
  6. [6]
    Patrinos, George P.; Cooper, David N.; Van Mulligen, Erik; Gkantouna, Vassiliki; Tzimas, Giannis; Tatum, Zuotian; Schultes, Erik; Roos, Marco; Mons, Barend (2012). "Microattribution and nanopublication as means to incentivize the placement of human genome variation data into the public domain". Human Mutation. 33 (11): 1503–1512. doi:10.1002/humu.22144. PMID 22736453.
  7. [7]
    "Microattribution and nanopublication as means to incentivize the placement of human genome variation data into the public domain (PDF)" (PDF). NBIC (Netherlands Bioinformatics Centre). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 May 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
  8. [8]
    Giachelle, Fabio; Dosso, Dennis; Silvello, Gianmaria (1 January 2021). "Search, access, and explore life science nanopublications on the Web". PeerJ Computer Science. 7: e335. doi:10.7717/PEERJ-CS.335. PMC 7959622. PMID 33816986.  This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.


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