Minister_of_Justice_(Canada)

Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada

Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada

Canadian Cabinet minister; main legal advisor to the government

The minister of justice and attorney general of Canada (French: ministre de la justice et procureur général du Canada) is a dual-role portfolio in the Canadian Cabinet.[7]

Quick Facts Minister of Justice Attorney General of Canada, Style ...

The officeholder in the role of Minister of Justice (French: Ministre de la Justice) serves as the minister of the Crown responsible for the Department of Justice and the justice portfolio, and in the role of Attorney General (French: Procureur général),[8] litigates on behalf of the Crown and serves as the chief legal advisor to the Government of Canada. (Though most prosecution functions of the attorney general have been assigned to the Public Prosecution Service of Canada. The attorney general is supported in this role by the director of public prosecutions.[8])

Attorney General of Canada

The role was created in 1867 to replace the attorney general of Canada West and attorney general of Canada East.

As the top prosecuting officer in Canada, 'attorney general' is a separate title held by the minister of justice—a member of the Cabinet. The minister of justice is concerned with questions of policy and their relationship to the justice system. In their role as attorney general, they are the chief law officer of the Crown. The roles have been connected since confederation. As a result of controversy, following the SNC-Lavalin affair, Anne McLellan was appointed to review the roles and prepare a report on whether they should be separated. She recommended the positions remain combined.[9][10]

This cabinet position is usually reserved for someone holding a legal qualification. There have been exceptions: Joe Clark only studied the first year of law at Dalhousie University before transferring to University of British Columbia Faculty of Law and dropping out to embark on political life.[11]

This cabinet portfolio has been held by many individuals who went on to become prime minister including John Sparrow David Thompson, R. B. Bennett, Louis St Laurent, Pierre Elliott Trudeau, John Turner, Kim Campbell and Jean Chrétien (Clark became MoJAG after his time as prime minister). This is the only Canadian Ministry (other than that of the prime minister) which has not been reorganized since its creation in 1867.

A separate cabinet position, the minister of public safety (formerly known as the "solicitor general") administers the law enforcement agencies (police, prisons, and security) of the federal government.

Ministers of justice and attorneys general

Key:

  Liberal Party of Canada
  Historical conservative parties: Liberal-Conservative, Conservative (historical), Unionist, National Liberal and Conservative, Progressive Conservative
  Conservative Party of Canada
More information No., Portrait ...

See also

Historical roles

References

  1. [1]
    Canada, Department of Justice (2017-03-20). "Patriation, the Recognition of Rights and Reconciliation". gcnws. Retrieved 2019-03-10.
  2. [2]
    "The Canadian Parliamentary system - Our Procedure - House of Commons". www.ourcommons.ca. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  3. [3]
    "Review of the Responsibilities and Accountabilities of Ministers and Senior Officials" (PDF).
  4. [4]
    "Constitutional Duties". The Governor General of Canada. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  5. [5]
    "House of Commons Procedure and Practice - 1. Parliamentary Institutions - Canadian Parliamentary Institutions". www.ourcommons.ca. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  6. [6]
    "Indemnities, Salaries and Allowances". Library of Parliament. April 11, 2018. Archived from the original on June 1, 2017. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
  7. [7]
    International, Radio Canada (2019-03-04). "Political scandal Canada: dual office of Justice Minister and Attorney-General, a concern?". RCI | English. Retrieved 2019-03-10.
  8. [8]
    Government of Canada, Department of Justice (2016-04-15). "Roles and Responsibilities of the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada - Department of Justice Canada Minister's Transition Book". www.justice.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-03-10.
  9. [9]
    McLellan, Anne (August 14, 2019). "Review of the Roles of the Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada". Prime Minister of Canada. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  10. [10]
    Gollom, Mark (August 14, 2019). "McLellan advises against splitting roles of attorney general, justice minister". CBC News. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
  11. [11]
    "ARCHIVED - Clark-Biography-First Among Equals". www.collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 2021-03-11.

Further reading
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