Mississippi
Mississippi (/ˌmɪsɪˈsɪpi/ (
listen)) is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee; to the east by Alabama; to the south by the Gulf of Mexico; to the southwest by Louisiana; and to the northwest by Arkansas. Mississippi's western boundary is largely defined by the Mississippi River. Mississippi is the 32nd largest and 35th-most populous of the 50 U.S. states and has the lowest per-capita income in the United States. Jackson is both the state's capital and largest city. Greater Jackson is the state's most populous metropolitan area, with a population of 591,978 in 2020.[7]
Mississippi | |
|---|---|
| Nickname(s): "The Magnolia State" and "The Hospitality State" | |
| Motto(s): | |
| Anthem: "Go, Mississippi" | |
 Map of the United States with Mississippi highlighted | |
| Country | United States |
| Before statehood | Mississippi Territory |
| Admitted to the Union | December 10, 1817 (20th) |
| Capital (and largest city) | Jackson |
| Largest metro | Greater Jackson |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Tate Reeves (R) |
| • Lieutenant Governor | Delbert Hosemann (R) |
| Legislature | Mississippi Legislature |
| • Upper house | State Senate |
| • Lower house | House of Representatives |
| U.S. senators | Roger Wicker (R) Cindy Hyde-Smith (R) |
| U.S. House delegation | 1: Trent Kelly (R) 2: Bennie Thompson (D) 3: Michael Guest (R) 4: Steven Palazzo (R) (list) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 48,430 sq mi (125,443 km2) |
| • Land | 46,952 sq mi (121,607 km2) |
| • Water | 1,521 sq mi (3,940 km2) 3% |
| • Rank | 32nd |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 340 mi (545 km) |
| • Width | 170 mi (275 km) |
| Elevation | 300 ft (90 m) |
| Highest elevation | 807 ft (246.0 m) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 ft (0 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 2,963,914[4] |
| • Rank | 35th |
| • Density | 63.5/sq mi (24.5/km2) |
| • Rank | 32nd |
| • Median household income | US$43,567 [5] |
| • Income rank | 50th |
| Demonym | Mississippian |
| Language | |
| • Official language | English |
| Time zone | UTC−06:00 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−05:00 (CDT) |
| USPS abbreviation | MS |
| ISO 3166 code | US-MS |
| Trad. abbreviation | Miss. |
| Latitude | 30°12′ N to 35° N |
| Longitude | 88°06′ W to 91°39′ W |
| Website | www |
| Mississippi state symbols | |
|---|---|
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| Living insignia | |
| Bird |
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| Butterfly |
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| Fish |
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| Flower | Magnolia |
| Insect |
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| Mammal | White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) |
| Reptile |
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| Tree |
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| Inanimate insignia | |
| Beverage | Milk |
| Colors | red and blue |
| Dance | Clogging |
| Food | Sweet potato |
| Gemstone | Emerald |
| Mineral | Gold |
| Rock | Granite |
| Shell |
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| Slogan | Virtute et armis (Latin) |
| Toy | Teddy Bear[6] |
| State route marker | |
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| State quarter | |
 Released in 2002 | |
| Lists of United States state symbols | |
On December 10, 1817, Mississippi became the 20th state admitted to the Union. By 1860, Mississippi was the nation's top cotton-producing state and slaves accounted for 55% of the state population.[8] Mississippi declared its secession from the Union on January 9, 1861, and was one of the seven original Confederate States, which constituted the largest slaveholding states in the nation. Following the Civil War, it was restored to the Union on February 23, 1870.[9]
Until the Great Migration of the 1930s, African Americans were a majority of Mississippi's population. In 2010, 37.3% of Mississippi's population was African American, the highest percentage of any state. Mississippi was the site of many prominent events during the civil rights movement, including the Ole Miss riot of 1962 by white students objecting to desegregation, the 1963 assassination of Medgar Evers, and the 1964 Freedom Summer murders of three activists working on voting rights.
Mississippi frequently ranks low among U.S. states in measures of health, education, and development, while ranking high in measures of poverty.[10][11][12][13] Top economic industries in Mississippi today are agriculture and forestry. Mississippi produces more than half of the country's farm-raised catfish, and is also a top producer of sweet potatoes, cotton and pulpwood. Other main industries in Mississippi include advanced manufacturing, utilities, transportation, and health services.[14]
Mississippi is almost entirely within the Gulf coastal plain, and generally consists of lowland plains and low hills. The northwest remainder of the state consists of the Mississippi Delta, a section of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. Mississippi's highest point is Woodall Mountain at 807 feet (246 m) above sea level adjacent to the Cumberland Plateau; the lowest is the Gulf of Mexico. Mississippi has a humid subtropical climate classification.