Moniteau County (/mɒnɪˈtɔː/ mon-ih-TAW^[1]) is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 15,473.^[2] Its county seat is California.^[3] The county was organized February 14, 1845 and named for the Moniteau Creek. 'Moniteau' is a French spelling of Manitou, Algonquian for the Great Spirit.

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Moniteau County
County
The Moniteau County Courthouse in California
Location within the U.S. state of Missouri
Missouri's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 38°38′N 92°35′W
Country	United States
State	Missouri
Founded	February 14, 1845
Named for	Moniteau Creek
Seat	California
Largest city	California
Area
• Total	419 sq mi (1,090 km2)
• Land	415 sq mi (1,070 km2)
• Water	3.8 sq mi (10 km2)  0.9%
Population  (2020)
• Total	15,473
• Density	37/sq mi (14/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	3rd

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Moniteau County is part of the Jefferson City, MO Metropolitan Statistical Area.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 419 square miles (1,090 km²), of which 415 square miles (1,070 km²) is land and 3.8 square miles (9.8 km²) (0.9%) is water.^[4]

As of the census^[10] of 2000, there were 14,827 people, 5,259 households, and 3,728 families residing in the county. The population density was 36 inhabitants per square mile (14/km²). There were 5,742 housing units at an average density of 14 units per square mile (5.4/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 92.75% White, 3.78% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 1.48% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Approximately 2.93% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 35.8% were of German, 20.5% American, 8.2% English and 7.0% Irish ancestry.

There were 5,259 households, out of which 35.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.00% were married couples living together, 8.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.10% were non-families. 25.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.90% under the age of 18, 8.20% from 18 to 24, 31.10% from 25 to 44, 20.90% from 45 to 64, and 13.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $37,168, and the median income for a family was $42,487. Males had a median income of $26,807 versus $20,853 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,609. About 7.30% of families and 9.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.10% of those under age 18 and 9.00% of those age 65 or over.

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Moniteau County, Missouri