Montgomery County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the county had a population of 620,443.^[1] The county seat is Conroe.^[2] The county was created by an act of the Congress of the Republic of Texas on December 14, 1837, and is named for the town of Montgomery.^[3] Between 2000 and 2010, its population grew by 55%, the 24th-fastest rate of growth of any county in the United States. Between 2010 and 2020, its population grew by 36%. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the estimated population is 711,354 as of July 1, 2023.

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Montgomery County
County
The Montgomery County Courthouse in Conroe
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Texas's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 30°18′N 95°30′W
Country	United States
State	Texas
Founded	1837
Named for	Montgomery, Texas
Seat	Conroe
Largest township	The Woodlands
Area
• Total	1,077 sq mi (2,790 km2)
• Land	1,042 sq mi (2,700 km2)
• Water	35 sq mi (90 km2)  3.3%
Population  (2020)
• Total	620,443
• Estimate  (2023)	711,354
• Density	580/sq mi (220/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional districts	2nd, 8th
Website	www.mctx.org

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Montgomery County is part of the Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX Metropolitan Statistical Area.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,077 square miles (2,790 km²), of which 1,042 square miles (2,700 km²) are land and 35 square miles (91 km²) (3.3%) are covered by water.^[4]

Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.

As of the 2010 census,^[11] there were 455,746 people, 162,530 households, and 121,472 families residing in the county. The population density was 423 people per square mile (163 people/km²). There were 177,647 housing units at an average density of 165 per square mile (64/km²).

In 2010, the racial makeup of the county was 83.5% White, 4.3% Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 2.1% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 7.0% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. 20.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. At the 2020 census, the racial and ethnic makeup was 59.86% non-Hispanic white, 5.51% African American or Black, 0.30% Native American, 3.45% Asian alone, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.41% some other race, 3.92% multiracial, and 26.45% Hispanic or Latino American of any race.

At the 2010 census there were 162,530 households, out of which 36.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.50% were married couples living together, 10.60% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.70% had a male householder with no wife present, and 25.30% were non-families. 20.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.22.

In the county, 27.60% of the population was under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 27.40% from 25 to 44, 26.60% from 45 to 64, and 10.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.29 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.94 males.

At the 2000 census, the median income for a household in the county was $50,864, and the median income for a family was $58,983. Males had a median income of $42,400 versus $28,270 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,544. About 7.10% of families and 9.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.90% of those under age 18 and 10.10% of those age 65 or over.

From 2010 to 2016, 54% of all vehicle-related fatalities in the county were related to the use of controlled substances, including alcohol, marijuana, methamphetamine and synthetic drugs. According to Tyler Dunman, former Montgomery County assistant district attorney, approximately 60-70% of all crime in the county is connected to substance abuse.^[12]

Montgomery County has given Republican candidates 70 percent or more of the vote since 2000, and the county has not been won by a Democratic presidential candidate since 1964, when native Texan and favorite son Lyndon Johnson won 60.9% of the county's vote.^[13]

In 2004, county voters gave 78.1 percent of their vote to Republican candidate George W. Bush.^[14] In 2008, 75.8% of the voters supported the Republican ticket of John McCain and Sarah Palin.^[15] In 2016, this was the only county in the United States where Republican nominee Donald Trump won against Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton by a margin of greater than 100,000 votes.^[16]

In 2020, Trump won Montgomery County again, with an expanded margin of 119,000 votes.^[17]

The county operates the Montgomery County Memorial Library System.

In 1938, the Montgomery County Hospital, a public institution, opened, the first public hospital in the county. It had 25 beds.^[23] The Montgomery County Hospital District opened in the 1970s, and the purpose of the district was making a new hospital, which opened in 1982 and replaced the former hospital.^[24]

• List of museums in the Texas Gulf Coast
• Earth Quest Adventures
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Montgomery County, Texas
• Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Montgomery County