Mordehai_Milgrom

Mordehai Milgrom

Mordehai Milgrom

Israeli physicist (born 1946)

Mordehai "Moti" Milgrom is an Israeli physicist and professor in the department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics at the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel.

Quick Facts Born, Nationality ...

Biography

He received his B.Sc. degree from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1966. Later he studied at the Weizmann Institute of Science and completed his doctorate in 1972. Before 1980 he worked primarily on high-energy astrophysics and became well-known for his kinematical model of the star system SS 433.[1][2] In the academic years 1980–1981 and 1985–1986 he was at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.[3] In 1983, he proposed modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) as an alternative to the dark matter and galaxy rotation curve problems,[4][5][6] although preliminary work and discussions on this subject started as early as 1981.[7]

Milgrom and modified Newtonian dynamics

Milgrom suggests that Newton's law of universal gravitation should be modified for very small accelerations, typically of the order of 10−11g and less.

Recent findings

In 2022, a study about an astronomical observation of the tidal tails in five star clusters was published that might provide evidence of MOND.[8] Specifically, there is an uneven distribution of stars that shows no indication that any dark matter was involved in causing it.[9] Kyu-Hyun Chae's 2023-2024 study of widely-separated binary star pairs presents itself as robustly confirming the need to modify standard gravitational theory at low-valued accelerations. [10]

Personal life

Milgrom is married and has three daughters.

See also

References

  1. [1]
    Sanders, R. H. (2014). "A historical perspective on modified Newtonian dynamics". Canadian Journal of Physics. 93 (2): 126–138. arXiv:1404.0531. Bibcode:2015CaJPh..93..126S. doi:10.1139/cjp-2014-0206. S2CID 119240769. page 5 of arXiv.org preprint
  2. [2]
    Milgrom, Mordehai (October 1979). "Thomson scattered lines in the spectrum of SS 433 - A powerful tool for studying the system". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 78 (3): L17–L20. Bibcode:1979A&A....78L..17M.
  3. [3]
    Mordehai, Milgrom, Community of Scholars Profile, IAS Archived 2016-03-07 at the Wayback Machine
  4. [4]
    Milgrom, Mordehai (July 1983). "A modification of the Newtonian dynamics as a possible alternative to the hidden mass hypothesis". Astrophysical Journal. 270: 365–370. Bibcode:1983ApJ...270..365M.
  5. [5]
    Milgrom, Mordehai (July 1983). "A modification of the Newtonian dynamics - Implications for galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 270: 371–383. Bibcode:1983ApJ...270..371M.
  6. [6]
    Milgrom, Mordehai (July 1983). "A modification of the newtonian dynamics : implications for galaxy systems". Astrophysical Journal. 270: 384–389. Bibcode:1983ApJ...270..384M.
  7. [7]
    Sanders, RH (February 2015). "A modification of the newtonian dynamics : implications for galaxy systems". Canadian Journal of Physics. 93 (3): 126–138. Bibcode:2015CaJPh..93..126S.
  8. [8]
    Metcalfe, Tom (21 November 2022). "Lopsided star cluster may disprove Newton and Einstein, controversial new study claims". livescience.com. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  9. [9]
    Kroupa, Pavel; Jerabkova, Tereza; Thies, Ingo; Pflamm-Altenburg, Jan; Famaey, Benoit; Boffin, Henri M J; Dabringhausen, Jörg; Beccari, Giacomo; Prusti, Timo; Boily, Christian; Haghi, Hosein; Wu, Xufen; Haas, Jaroslav; Zonoozi, Akram Hasani; Thomas, Guillaume; Šubr, Ladislav; Aarseth, Sverre J (26 October 2022). "Asymmetrical tidal tails of open star clusters: stars crossing their cluster's práh† challenge Newtonian gravitation". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 517 (3): 3613–3639. arXiv:2210.13472. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2563. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  10. [10]
    Chae, Kyu-Hyun (10 January 2024), "Robust Evidence for the Breakdown of Standard Gravity at Low Acceleration from Statistically Pure Binaries Free of Hidden Companions", The Astrophysical Journal, 960 (2): 114–139

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