Mudanya

Mudanya

Mudanya

District and municipality in Bursa, Turkey

"Moudania (Turkey)" redirects here. For other uses, see Moudania.

Mudanya (also: Mudania,[2] Greek: τα Μουδανιά, ta Moudaniá [Pl.]) (the site of ancient Apamea Myrlea) is a municipality and district of Bursa Province, Turkey.[3] Its area is 369 km2,[4] and its population is 108,011 (2022).[1] It is located on the Gulf of Gemlik, part of the southern coast of the Sea of Marmara. Between 1875 and 1948, it was connected with Bursa by the Mudanya–Bursa railway.[5] Mudanya has only an open anchorage usable in calm weather. The town produces olive oil and there is a pier used by local fishing and cargo boats.

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History

According to the Ottoman General Census of 1881/82-1893, the kaza of Mudanya of Hüdavendigâr vilayet had a total population of 16,683, consisting of 11,792 Greeks and 4,891 Muslims.[6] A port city, it also had a railway connection to Bursa which was completed in 1875. The railway had a pier at the seaport of Mudanya for exporting. Istanbul was often the recipient of exported goods from Mudanya. Silk was a popular export.[2] During the Turkish War of Independence, Mudanya was bombarded by the Royal Navy and thus partially burned by the British Fleet during the Greek Summer Offensive of 1920. Sergeant Şükrü from Mudanya and 9 of his brothers-in-arms were killed during the Allied bombardment and subsequent landing by the Greek troops and the British Royal Marines.[7]

Mudanya being bombarded and thus burned by the British Warships on July 6th, 1920.

Liberation of Mudanya

Mudanya and its environs were liberated by the Turkish Kocaeli Army Corps under the Command of Halit (Karsıalan) Paşa on the 12th of September 1922.[8] The Greek 11th Infantry Division (Manisa Division) and the 45th &17th Infantry regiments along with their commanders and with Major-General Nikolaos Kladas were captured.[9]

The return of HMS Royal Sovereign's seaman after forced landing under heavy machine gun & rifle fire. (Mudanya, July 1920)
Allied Occupation Officers in Mudanya in 1922, French Naval Officers on the left and the British on the right.

The town was the signing place of the Armistice of Mudanya between Turkey, Italy, France and Britain on October 11, 1922, following the Turkish War of Independence.

After the Treaty of Lausanne and the Greco-Turkish population exchange agreement, the Greeks of the town were transferred into mainland Greece, establishing a settlement to which they gave the name of their previous town, Nea Moudania (New Moudania, located on the Chalkidiki peninsula, in the Macedonia region of Greece). In return, a number of Cretan Turks were settled in Mudanya.

Composition

There are 47 neighbourhoods in Mudanya District:[10]

Traditional architecture in Mudanya

  • The Armistice of Mudanya was signed in this Ottoman era building
  • Ottoman era Governor's House in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional building in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional house in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional house in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional house in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional house in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional house in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional houses in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional houses in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional houses in Mudanya
  • Ottoman era traditional houses in Mudanya

See also

References

  1. [1]
    "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  2. [2]
    Prothero, G.W. (1920). Anatolia. London: H.M. Stationery Office.
  3. [3]
    Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  4. [4]
    "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  5. [5]
    "Trains of Turkey | Main / HomePage". www.trainsofturkey.com.
  6. [6]
    Kemal Karpat (1985), Ottoman Population, 1830-1914, Demographic and Social Characteristics, The University of Wisconsin Press, p. 132-133
  7. [7]
    "Zafer'den Kurtuluş'a… 12 Eylül 1922 Mudanya'nın Kurtuluşu". MUDANYA Gazetesi. 2022-09-11. Retrieved 2022-10-16.
  8. [8]
    "Zafer'den Kurtuluş'a… 12 Eylül 1922 Mudanya'nın Kurtuluşu". MUDANYA Gazetesi. 2022-09-11. Retrieved 2022-10-16.
  9. [9]
    Niş, Kemal; Söker, Reşat; Ercan, Tevfik; Anıt, Çetin (December 1995). Türk İstiklal Harbi II. Cilt Batı Cephesi 6. Kısım III. Kitap Büyük Taarruzda Takip Harekatı (31 Ağustos - 18 Eylül 1922) (in Turkish). Ankara, Türkiye: Genelkurmay Atase Başkanlığı Yayınları. pp. 311–312. ISBN 9789754090598.
  10. [10]
    Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
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