NHS 24 is Scotland's national telehealth and telecare organisation. This special health board runs a telephone advice and triage service that covers the out-of-hours period (Mondays to Fridays between 6pm and 8am, public holidays and all weekend). The telephone service allows people who feel unwell or those caring for them to obtain health advice and information if it is not convenient or possible to wait until they can visit their general practitioner when the practice is next open. The advice line is not intended as a substitute for obtaining an emergency ambulance service via 999. The telehealth services provided by NHS Scotland fulfil some similar functions to NHS Direct Wales and the NHS 111 scheme in England.

The service can be used in more than one way:

Following the establishment of NHS Direct in England, Susan Deacon Minister for Health and Community Care announced in December 2000 that a 24-hour helpline service would be set up for Scotland.^[7][8] NHS 24 was established as a Special Health Board on 6 April 2001^[9] under the NHS 24 (Scotland) Order 2001, although the overall aims for Health Boards are defined by the NHS (Scotland) Act 1978 and subsequent legislation.^[10] Management consultancy work that took place over an eight week period drew some comment.^[11]

The telephone helpline service launched in May 2002, with the first contact centre in Aberdeen providing advice to callers from the Grampian area using around 85 nurses and 40 other staff.^[12] The service was then rolled out to other areas in the North of Scotland.^[13] By August 2002 there were three contact centres operational- in Aberdeen, Clydebank and South Queensferry.^[14] By February 2004 the service had more than 800 staff, providing a service for people in the Ayrshire and Arran, Fife, Grampian, Greater Glasgow and Highland boards- effectively coverage of half the population of Scotland.^[15] Within two years of being set up it had taken one million calls.^[16]

At peak times, calls may be answered in any one of these centres. NHS 24 also acts as the first point of contact for primary care advice in the out-of-hours period.

The 2004 Scottish GP contract contained a right for GPs to opt-out of out-of-hours working.^[17] By 2006, 80% of Scottish GP practices had exercised this right.

From Autumn 2004 patients calling NHS 24 began to experience delays.^[18] The algorithms used by the NHS24 call handlers in 2004 were purchased under licence from an American company but these weren't divulged to other clinicians working in the health service due to clauses in the commercial agreement.^[19] Having endured some chronic staffing problems, the service was having difficulty coping with demand by July 2005.^[20] By January 2009, sickness absence had reduced and there was a low waiting time for call pick-ups except for during spikes of demand, however the organisation had now appointed its fourth chief executive in just five years.^[21]

In August 2010, a health information website NHS Inform was launched, bringing together national and local health information. The first phase was officially opened by Nicola Sturgeon, Cabinet Secretary for Health and Wellbeing.^[22] The website later made use of a BrowseAloud feature - allowing users to listen to information where they preferred or need this.^[23] There were almost 1.5 million calls a year being received by 2012/2013.^[24]

In January 2013 plans were announces to make the service free to use, and accessible via a three digit number, instead of the eleven digit number.^[25] In May 2014, the 111 number went live in Scotland.^[26]

In September 2011, Capgemini were announced as the preferred bidder for a customer relations management system, replacing the previous supplier Clinical Solutions.^[27] A contract was signed in April 2012,^[28] and the new call handing and IT computer system, called the Future Programme was expected in 2013, but experienced significant delays.^[29] With a current cost of £117 million, the new system crashed on 28 October 2015 shortly after it was launched.^[30] It was shut down on 13 November to allow the problems to be resolved,^[29] but by the following year it was thought that the new system might not be relaunched until 2017.^[31]

A management board has responsibility for the running of the organisation.^[32]