National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) are practical work-based awards in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland that are achieved through assessment and training. The regulatory framework supporting NVQs was withdrawn in 2015 and replaced by the Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF), although the term "NVQ" may be used in RQF qualifications if they "are based on recognised occupational standards, work-based and/or simulated work-based assessment, and where they confer occupational competence".[1]
As the NVQ is based on a student's practical skills, it is completed in the workplace. The NVQ was assessed by building up a portfolio of evidence based on the student's professional experience. At the end of the NVQ, the student undergoes final practical assessments, during which an NVQ assessor will observe and ask questions. To achieve an NVQ, candidates have to prove that they have the ability (competence) to carry out their job to the required standard. NVQs are based upon meeting National Occupational Standards, which describe the "competencies" expected in any given job role.
NVQs are not graded "pass" or "fail". Instead, an NVQ is graded either "Competent" (which is seen as passing the NVQ) or, if further work must be completed, "Not Yet Competent" (which is regarded as failing the NVQ). Typically, candidates work towards an NVQ that reflects their role in a paid or voluntary position. For example, someone working in an administrative office role may take an NVQ in Business and Administration. There are five levels of NVQ, ranging from Level 1, which focuses on basic work activities, to Level 5 for senior management.
Although NVQs such as NVQ Level 3 can be roughly translated as being at the same level as a GCE Advanced Level or BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma, in terms of depth and vigor of study, the NVQ cannot be compared with other academic qualifications at the same level, i.e. GCE Advanced Levels and the BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma (an A* at A-Level is equivalent to a D* at BTEC Level 3). For this reason, the NVQ Level 3 does not attract UCAS points and cannot be used for university admission.
In Scotland, the approximately equivalent qualification is the Scottish Vocational Qualification. They are the responsibility of the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Apprenticeships and Skills in the Department for Education.[2]
Equivalents published by the UK government
Gov.uk lists the equivalents for academic qualifications between the Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF) and the framework for Higher Education Qualifications (FHEQ).[4]
More information RQF/FHEQ Level, NVQ level ...
RQF/FHEQ Level |
NVQ level |
RQF examples |
FHEQ examples |
Entry |
|
- Entry level certificate
- Entry level Skills for Life
- Entry level award, certificate and diploma
- Entry level Functional Skills
- Entry level Foundation Learning
|
|
1 |
1 |
|
2 |
2 |
- GCSE (grades A*–C)
- Key Skills level 2
- NVQ level 2
- Skills for Life level 2
- Higher diploma
- BTEC award, certificate and diploma level 2
- Functional Skills level 2
|
|
3 |
3 |
- AS and A level
- Advanced Extension Award
- Cambridge International award
- International Baccalaureate
- Key Skills level 3
- NVQ level 3
- Advanced diploma
- Progression diploma
- BTEC award, certificate and diploma level 3
- BTEC National
- OCR National
- Cambridge National
- Cambridge Technicals
|
|
4 |
4 |
- Certificate of higher education
- Key Skills level 4
- NVQ level 4
|
- BTEC Professional award, certificate and diploma level 4
- Certificate of higher education
- HNC
|
5 |
- HND
- NVQ level 4
- Higher diploma
- BTEC Professional award, certificate and diploma level 5
- HNC
- HND
|
- Diploma of higher education
- Diploma of further education
- Foundation degree
- HND
|
6 |
- NVQ level 4
- BTEC Advanced Professional award, certificate and diploma level 6
|
- Bachelor's degree
- Graduate certificate
- Graduate diploma
|
7 |
5 |
- BTEC Advanced Professional award, certificate and diploma level 7
- Fellowship and fellowship diploma
- Postgraduate certificate
- Postgraduate diploma
- NVQ level 5
|
- Master's degree
- Postgraduate certificate
- Postgraduate diploma
|
8 |
- NVQ level 5
- Vocational qualifications level 8
|
Doctorate |
Close
Research by the London School of Economics
NVQs are not formally defined in terms of equivalence to conventional academic qualifications. However, for the compilation of social statistics and other purposes, approximate equivalences have to be established. The following equivalences are used by the London School of Economics's Research Lab[5]
- NVQ 1 = foundation GNVQ, three to four GCSEs at grades D-E, Business & Technology Education Council (BTEC) first certificate.
- NVQ 2 = four or five GCSEs at grades A*–C, BTEC first diploma.
- NVQ 3 = two or more A levels, BTEC Ordinary National Diploma (OND), City & Guilds Advanced Craft.
- NVQ 4 = BTEC Higher National Certificate (HNC) or Higher National Diploma (HND), or City & Guilds Full Technological Certificate / Diploma
- NVQ 5 = NQF 7–8
City and Guilds
Licentiateship (post nominal: LCGI) sits on level 4 of the National Qualifications Framework,[6] and is therefore comparable to lower NVQ level 4.[7] Both Graduateship (GCGI) and Associateship (ACGI) are at level six of the National Qualifications Framework,[6] compared by OFQUAL to the highest category NVQs of level 4.[7] Membership (MCGI) is placed on NQF level 7, and Fellowship (FCGI) on level 8,[6] compared by OFQUAL to NVQs of level 5.[7] City & Guilds itself ties each NVQ to the level on the NQF with the same number.[6]
Both Graduateship (GCGI) and Associateship (ACGI) have been awarded, before the year 2004, at level 5 of NVQ.