NYU_School_of_Medicine

New York University Grossman School of Medicine

New York University Grossman School of Medicine

Medical school of New York University

NYU Grossman School of Medicine is a medical school of New York University (NYU) , a private research university in New York City. It was founded in 1841 and is one of two medical schools of the University, the other being the NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine.[1][2] Both are part of NYU Langone Health,an academic medical center named after Kenneth Langone, the investment banker and financial backer of The Home Depot.[3]

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History

NYU Grossman School of Medicine was founded in 1841 as the Medical College of New York University,[4] with an inaugural class of 239 students.[5] Among the college's six original faculty members were renowned surgeon Valentine Mott and John Revere, son of patriot Paul Revere.[6] In 1898, the Medical College of New York University consolidated with Bellevue Hospital Medical College, forming the University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College of New York University.[7]

In 1935, University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College was renamed New York University College of Medicine.[7] In 1960, New York University College of Medicine was renamed New York University School of Medicine.[7]

The faculty and alumni of NYU Grossman School of Medicine have contributed to the control of tuberculosis., diphtheria, yellow fever, and sexually transmitted infections, as well as the development of vaccines for measles, rubella.[8][9][10] In the early 1980s, clinicians and researchers from NYU Grossman School of Medicine working at NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue were among the first to identify an alarming increase in Kaposi's sarcoma, opportunistic infections, and immune system failure among young gay men, and alert health authorities to an imminent health catastrophe, soon to be known as HIV/AIDS.[11]

In 1998, the Mount Sinai-NYU Health System was established when the NYU Medical System merged with Mount Sinai Hospitals. The joint organization included Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital of Queens, Tisch Hospital, Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hospital for Joint Diseases Orthopaedic Institute, NYU Downtown Hospital and Mount Sinai School of Medicine. The merger made NYU the only private university in the country with two medical schools.[2] The union dissolved in 2003 while confronting a shared debt of $665.6 million, but NYU continued to award Mount Sinai's degrees.[12] In 2010, however, the Mount Sinai School of Medicine was accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and became an independent degree-granting institution without a university affiliation for the first time in its history.[13]

In 2018, the School implemented full-tuition scholarships for all current and future students in its M.D. degree program, making NYU Grossman School of Medicine the first top-ranked medical school in the nation to provide full-tuition scholarships to all of its students.[14]

In 2019 NYU Langone Health partnered with NYU to form NYU Long Island School of Medicine, a new, three-year medical school located at NYU Langone Hospital – Long Island.[15]

In 2019, the School was renamed NYU Grossman School of Medicine in honor of the educational achievements of Dean Robert I. Grossman.[14]

Evolution of NYU Grossman School of Medicine

  • 1841 – University Medical College organized as the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York
  • 1861 – Bellevue Hospital Medical College Founded
  • 1882 – New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital founded (incorporated in 1886)
  • 1896 - Name of the University of the City of New York changed to New York University
  • 1898 – University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College formed by merging of the University Medical College and Bellevue Hospital Medical College
  • 1945 – Post-graduate Division of New York University College of Medicine established
  • 1948 – New York University Post-Graduate Medical school formed, representing a union of the Postgraduate Division of the College of Medicine and the New York Post-Graduate Medical School
  • 2008 – NYU Medical Center Hospitals and School of Medicine renamed NYU Langone Medical Center
  • 2019 – NYU School of Medicine renamed NYU Grossman School of Medicine

Milestones

Smilow Research building
  • 1841: New York University Medical College opens with an inaugural class of 239 students.[5]
  • 1846: New York Academy of Medicine is founded by New York University Medical College faculty members Lewis A. Sayre, M.D., Gunning S. Bedford, M.D., and others.[16]
  • 1854: Human dissection is legalized in New York State to make more cadavers available for medical study, due to lobbying efforts by John W. Draper, M.D., a cofounder of New York University Medical College and president of the medical faculty.[17][18]
  • 1865: Stephen Smith, M.D., a public health advocate directs fellow faculty members of New York University Medical College to conduct the most comprehensive health survey of an American city ever undertaken, leading to the establishment of New York City’s Metropolitan Board of Health, the first such public health agency in the U.S..[19]
  • 1898 – New York University Medical College and Bellevue Hospital Medical College consolidate as University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College of New York University[7]
  • 1904: U.S. Army Colonel William C. Gorgas, M.D., an 1879 alumnus of Bellevue Hospital Medical College, is appointed chief sanitary officer for the Panama Canal project, for which he implements measures that eradicate yellow fever and contain malaria, permitting construction to be completed[20]
  • 1932: Department of Forensic Medicine, the first academic department of its kind in the U.S. is established at University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College. with Charles Norris, M.D., New York City's Chief Medical Examiner, as its chair.[7][21]
  • 1933: William S. Tillett, M.D. conducts groundbreaking studies of enzymes involved in blood clotting. His work leads to the development of streptokinase, used to combat heart attacks.
  • 1935 – University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College is renamed New York University College of Medicine[7]
  • 1941: The first department of physical medicine and rehabilitation in the United States is established at NYU.
  • 1947: A site for a new Medical Center, consisting of the NYU School of Medicine, the Post-Graduate Medical School, University (now Tisch) Hospital, and the Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, is selected. The Institute of Industrial Medicine is established.
  • 1948 - Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, the first comprehensive medical training program of its kind, is established at New York University College of Medicine. Its chair, Howard A. Rusk, M.D., draws on his experience treating wounded soldiers during World War II to develop a philosophy of caring for the patient as a whole person.[22]
  • In 1954, Jonas Salk, MD, a 1939 alumnus of New York University College of Medicine tests the first polio vaccine on more than one million school children, the largest public health experiment in U.S. history.[23]
  • 1955: The Medical Science Building and the Henry W. and Albert Berg Institute opens at NYU.
  • 1957: The Hall of Research and Alumni Hall are constructed.
  • 1959: The Nobel Prize for Medicine is awarded to NYU faculty member Severo Ochoa, M.D., for his seminal study of biochemical genetics and nucleic acids.
  • 1960: The Clinical Research Center, funded by the NIH, is established at NYU.
  • 1960s: NYU pathologist Baruj Benacerraf, M.D., conducts pioneering research on genetic regulation of the immune system, for which he is later awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1980.
  • 1963: The new University Hospital opens.
  • 1964: NYU establishes one of the first three Medical Scientist Training Programs (dual MD/PhD graduate programs funded by the NIH) in the United States.
  • 1964: The Institute and Department of Environmental Medicine are established.
  • 1975: One of the first designated national cancer centers is established at NYU, later named the Rita and Stanley H. Kaplan Center.
  • 1982: Linda Laubenstein, M.D., a 1973 alumna and clinical professor medicine at New York University School of Medicine, and Alvin E. Friedman-Kien, MD, professor of dermatology and microbiology, coauthor the first paper published in a medical journal (The Lancet) linking HIV/AIDS to cases of Kaposi’s sarcoma, a previously rare skin cancer that would become an AIDS-defining illness.[24]
  • 1989: Jan T. Vilcek, M.D., Ph.D., professor of microbiology, and Junming Le, adjunct associate professor of microbiology, at New York University School of Medicine develop the monoclonal antibody that is the basis for Remicade, a potent biologic drug used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory disease[25]
  • 1992: NYU Medical Center opens Women's Health Services under the auspices of the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Radiology.
  • 1993: The School of Medicine's Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine is opened as an uncompromising commitment to the advancement and understanding of molecular approaches for the treatment of various important diseases.
  • 1995: The Sir Harold Acton Society is established to recognize donors of $1 million or more.[26][27]
  • 1998: NYU Medical Center is restructured, creating the "NYU Hospitals Center" (including Tisch Hospital and Rusk Institute), the "NYU Health System" (consisting of NYU Hospitals Center, Hospital for Joint Diseases and NYU Downtown Hospital), and the "NYU School of Medicine" which remains an administrative unit of New York University.
  • 2004: The NYU Clinical Cancer Center is opened (now called NYU Langone Health Perlmutter Cancer Center), an NCI-Designated comprehensive cancer center.[28]
  • 2004: The Nobel Prize for Chemistry is awarded to the distinguished NYU adjunct faculty member Avram Hershko, M.D., for his seminal discovery of the ubiquitin system in protein degradation.
  • 2006: Hospital for Joint Diseases merges with NYU Medical Center and is renamed the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases.[29]
  • 2006: The School of Medicine's Joan and Joel Smilow Research Center is opened to house 4 major programmatic areas: Cancer, Pathology, Dermatology/Cutaneous Biology, and Cardiovascular Biology.
  • 2013:  NYU School of Medicine introduces accelerated three-year MD program.
  • 2014: NYU Grossman School of Medicine expands into The Alexandria Center of Life Science to host the Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology and the Department of Microbiology, as well as the facilities of Proteomics and Metabolomics.
  • 2018: New York University School of Medicine implements full-tuition scholarships for all current and future students in its M.D. degree program, becoming the first top-ranked medical school in the nation to provide full-tuition scholarships to all of its students[14]
  • 2019: NYU Langone Health partnered with NYU to form NYU Long Island School of Medicine, a new, three-year medical school located at NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island.
  • 2019: NYU Grossman School of Medicine's Science Building is opened, encompassing more than 365,000 square feet and 10 floors of laboratory space dedicated to research in the area of Human Genetics, System Biology, Neurobiology, and Medicine.

Institutional pedigrees

Institutional Pedigree of the New York University School of Medicine
New York University Medical College founded 1841[30]   →              
      1898[30] merge   →   University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College   →   1960 name change   →   New York University Medical School
Bellevue Hospital Medical College founded 1861[30]   →              
Institutional Pedigree of the New York University Hospital
Red Cross Hospital founded 1893[31] → 1914 name change[32] → Park Hospital →    
     
Demilt Dispensary founded 1851[33] →   1922 merge[34] created Reconstruction Hospital  →    
         
  Clinic for Functional Re-education founded 1918[35] →        
     
Post Graduate Hospital founded 1882[36] →   Reconstruction Hospital absorbed into Post Graduate Hospital in 1929[37] →    
    1948 merge created University Hospital
New York Skin and Cancer Hospital founded 1883[38]   →    

Academics

In 2010, NYU Grossman School of Medicine implemented a curriculum consisting of 18 months of basic science and two and a half years of clinical training. Students take the USMLE Step 1 exam after the clerkship year (with the exception of MD/PhD students, who take it before starting their PhD work). The curriculum also includes NYU3T (a joint program with the New York University College of Nursing) and PLACE (Patient-Based Longitudinal Ambulatory Care Experience).

NYU Grossman School of Medicine also offers 5-year joint degree programs, some of which can be optionally completed in 4 years:[39]

For scientists and physician–scientists, the School of Medicine offers PhD, MD/PhD, and postdoctoral programs at Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences at NYU Langone Health.

In 2010, NYU Grossman School of Medicine introduced a 3-year MD program based on the program first pioneered in Canada at McMaster University Medical School in 1965.[40] The 3-year program can only be applied to by students accepted into the 4 year stream. 3-year program students are guaranteed a residency placement in their specialty of choice at NYU Langone Health.[40] They complete their preclinical training at the same time as 4 year students, however they start clinical rotations 6 weeks earlier and also spend the summer after their first year doing a summer fellowship in the department of their specialty of choice.[40]

Notable people

Main article: List of deans and notable people at the NYU School of Medicine

Notes

  1. [1]
    Genn, Adina (2023-07-21). "Langones give $200M gift to NYU Long Island School of Medicine | Long Island Business News". Retrieved 2024-02-29.
  2. [2]
    Fein, Esther B. (1998-01-25). "After Earlier Failure, N.Y.U. and Mount Sinai Medical Centers to Merge". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-03-19.
  3. [3]
    Barron, James (2008-04-16). "N.Y.U. Medical Center Gets Another $100 Million Gift". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-03-19.
  4. [4]
    "30-05 New York University Medical College, 1841-1897 | Archives at Yale". archives.yale.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
  5. [5]
    "NYU Langone Health History". Lillian & Clarence de la Chappelle Medical Archives.
  6. [6]
    Chamberlain, Joshua Lawrence; MacCracken, Henry Mitchell; Sihler, E. G. (Ernest Gottlieb); Johnson, Willis Fletcher (1901). New York university; its history, influence, equipment and characteristics, with biographical sketches and portraits of founders, benefactors, officers and alumni;. Cornell University Library. Boston : R. Herndon Company.
  7. [7]
    "New York University. College of Medicine | Archives at Yale". archives.yale.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
  8. [8]
    "Screen for Latent TB Infection, USPSTF Says". MedPageToday.
  9. [9]
    Admin (2015-01-28). "Major Walter Reed and the Eradication of Yellow Fever". The Army Historical Foundation. Retrieved 2024-03-20.
  10. [10]
    "Stanley Alan Plotkin (1932– ) | The Embryo Project Encyclopedia". web.archive.org. 2017-08-14. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
  11. [11]
    Tanne, Janice Hopkins (2008-08-12). "On the Front Lines Against the AIDS Epidemic -- New York Magazine - Nymag". New York Magazine. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
  12. [12]
    Pérez-Peña, Richard (2003-07-04). "For Hospitals Seeking Split, Debt Is Glue". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-04-15.
  13. [13]
    MSSM Accreditation. Retrieved January 11, 2011.
  14. [14]
    Tullman, Anya (2019-11-11). "NYU medical school renamed after Robert Grossman, Penn Medicine alum and former prof". The Daily Pennsylvanian. Retrieved 2021-03-24.
  15. [15]
    Korn, Melissa (2019-02-19). "NYU to Open New Medical School on Long Island". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2021-10-27.
  16. [16]
    "A Century of Doctors; THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE: Its First Hundred Years. By Philip Van Ingen. Illustrated". NYTimes.
  17. [17]
    Sappol, Michael (2018-06-05). A Traffic of Dead Bodies: Anatomy and Embodied Social Identity in Nineteenth-Century America. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-18614-6.
  18. [18]
    Bernstein, Nina (2016-05-15). "Unearthing the Secrets of New York's Mass Graves". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
  19. [19]
    nyamhistory (2020-11-05). "Stephen Smith, MD, New York Pioneer of Public Health". Books, Health and History. Retrieved 2024-03-14.
  20. [20]
    "William Gorgas, 1854-1920". Contagion - CURIOSity Digital Collections. 2020-03-26. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
  21. [21]
    "Dr Charles Norris". geni_family_tree. 2022-04-26. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
  22. [22]
    "Howard Rusk | Medical Rehabilitation, Disability Prevention & Physician-Scientist | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2024-03-29.
  23. [23]
    "Jonas Salk and Albert Bruce Sabin". Science History Institute. 2016-06-01. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
  24. [24]
    "Linda Laubenstein, 45, Physician And Leader in Detection of AIDS". NYTimes.
  25. [25]
    "Manhattan Drug Research Benefits". NYTimes.
  26. [26]
    "The Sir Harold Acton Society."
  27. [27]
    "Acton Society Adds New Million–Dollar Donors". Global Health Nexus spring 2007. NYU College of Dentistry. Retrieved 23 March 2012.
  28. [28]
    "NCI Designates Comprehensive Cancer Center Status to NYU Perlmutter". The ASCO Post. 2019-03-25. Retrieved 2021-10-29.
  29. [29]
    "Why NYU Langone Medical Center just changed its name". Advisory Board. 2017-07-24. Retrieved 2021-11-01.
  30. [30]
    Friss, Evan (December 6, 2004), "Chronicles: A Look at NYU's Past; Practicing Medicine Through the Years", NYU Today, 18 (5), New York: New York University, Office of Public Affairs, OCLC 37719351
  31. [31]
    Dock, Lavinia L.; Pickett, Sarah Elizabeth; Noyes, Clara D.; Clement, Fannie F.; Fox, Elizabeth G.; Van Meter, Anna R. (1922), History of American Red Cross Nursing, New York: The Macmillan Company, p. 23, OCLC 1170933.
  32. [32]
    Dock, et al. (1922) p. 35.
  33. [33]
    "THE DEMILT DISPENSARY.; Anniversary Celebration", The New York Times, March 27, 1855
  34. [34]
    "RECONSTRUCTION PLANS TO EXTEND HOSPITAL; $1,500,000 Needed for Expansion and Equipment to Make It Self-Supporting", The New York Times, January 29, 1922
  35. [35]
    New York State Legislature (1920), "Dispensaries Licensed", New York Legislative Documents, XIX (38), Albany, New York: J.B. Lyon Company: 186
  36. [36]
    "MENTAL CLINIC AIMS AT WIDER SERVICE; Post-Graduate Hospital Unit Founded by Dr. M.G. Schlapp Marks 47th Anniversary. INDIVIDUAL AID TO PATIENTS Main Purpose Is to Easy Social Burden by Treating Neuroses and Border-Line Cases", The New York Times, November 10, 1929
  37. [37]
    "Post Graduate Absorbs", Time, vol. XIV, no. 24, Albany, New York: J.B. Lyon Company, December 9, 1929, archived from the original on May 22, 2008
  38. [38]
    "First Year's Work Of A Hospital", The New York Times, March 1, 1884
  39. [39]
    Program Information
  40. [40]
    Cangiarella, Joan; Cohen, Elisabeth; Rivera, Rafael; Gillespie, Colleen; Abramson, Steven (2020). "Evolution of an Accelerated 3-Year Pathway to the MD Degree: The Experience of New York University Grossman School of Medicine". Academic Medicine. 95 (4): 534–539. doi:10.1097/ACM.0000000000003013. ISSN 1040-2446. PMID 31577593.
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