Oil_Campaign_chronology_of_World_War_II

Oil campaign chronology of World War II

Oil campaign chronology of World War II

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Main articles: Oil campaign of World War II and Oil campaign targets of World War II

The oil campaign chronology of World War II lists bombing missions and related events regarding the petroleum/oil/lubrication (POL) facilities that supplied Nazi Germany or those Germany tried to capture in Operation Edelweiss.

Legend

— events regarding Nazi Germany petroleum, lubrication, and/or oil supplies
- events regarding notable Luftwaffe defensive efforts against Allied attack of petroleum, lubrication, and/or oil supply targets
and/or — events regarding Allied planning
— RAF, Eighth Air Force, and other roundels indicate units (most listings are from the RAF chronology[1] and the USAAF chronology)[2] "100 BG" — listings that include the unit abbreviation (BG is Bombardment Group) are from the corresponding mission history for the unit.[3]

More information Date, Target/Topic ...

Notes

Notes
  1. [N 1]
    "German Trust To Oppose Standard Oil". New York Times. November 11, 1906. Retrieved 2013-10-23. In 1906, Standard Oil included the German-American Petroleum Company, the Mannheim-Bremen Petroleum Company and, formerly known as Korff, the Petroleum Refinery.
  2. [N 2]
    Frankfurt also had a Naxos Union grinding wheel plant.
Citations
  1. [1]
    Bomber Command Campaign Diary
  2. [2]
    McKillop
  3. [3]
    Mission histories for Bombardment Groups:
    92 BG Archived 2009-05-15 at the Wayback Machine, 100thBG.com Archived 2009-01-06 at the Wayback Machine
    301 BG (32 BS Archived 2015-02-11 at the Wayback Machine), 303rdBG.com, 397 BG (596 BS Archived 2009-03-06 at the Wayback Machine, [dead link], 398th.org
    401BG.com Archived 2007-10-31 at the Wayback Machine, 447BG ( cybercity Archived 2009-02-26 at the Wayback Machine,[verification needed] 43-37797, 450 BG (Cottontails), 452 BG, 461st.org, 464 BG (zplace2b[permanent dead link]), 485thBG.org Archived 2011-07-24 at the Wayback Machine, 486th.org, 487thBG.com
  4. [4]
    Wuesthoff, Scott E (1994). The utility of targeting the petroleum-based sector of a nation's economic infrastructure. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Air University Press. p. 11. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
  5. [5]
    Miller, Donald L. (2006). Masters of the Air: America's Bomber Boys Who Fought the Air War Against Nazi Germany. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 53, 118,321,323. ISBN 978-0-7432-3544-0.
  6. [6]
    Levine, Alan J (1992). The Strategic Bombing of Germany, 1940-1945. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 9,144,177. ISBN 978-0-275-94319-6. Retrieved 2006-06-30.
  7. [7]
    Overy, Richard (1997). Why the Allies Won. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 108. ISBN 978-0-393-31619-3.
  8. [8]
    Mitcham, Samuel W (2007). Eagles of the Third Reich: Men of the Luftwaffe in World War II. Stackpole Books. pp. 91–92. ISBN 978-0-8117-3405-9.
  9. [9]
    Bomber Command Diary May–June 1940
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    Caldwell, Donald; Muller, Richard. The Luftwaffe Over Germany: Defense of the Reich. pp. 198, 204. Retrieved 2008-11-15.
  11. [11]
    McArthur, Charles W. (1990). Operations analysis in the U.S. Army Eighth Air Force in World War II. American Mathematical Soc. ISBN 9780821801581.[page needed]
  12. [12]
    Turner, S.J. F.R.G.S—maps (June 1944). Pictorial History of the Second World War. Wm. H. Wise & Co., Inc.
    • S.J., F. R. G. S—maps (1944). Vol. 1 [September 3, 1939—August 25, 1941].
    • S.J., F. R. G. S—maps (1944). Vol. 2 [September 3, 1941—August 15, 1943].
    • S.J., F. R. G. S—maps (1946) [1944]. Vol. 3 [September 3, 1943—September 1, 1944].
    • S.J., F. R. G. S—maps (September 1946) [March, 1946]. Vol. 4 [September 4, 1944—September 2, 1945] (Fifth ed.).[page needed]
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    Gilbert, Sir Martin (June 2004). The Second World War. Henry Holt and Company. p. 98, 160,388. ISBN 978-0-8050-7623-3. Retrieved 2009-04-07.
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    Supplement Part 10 Table 3
  15. [15]
    Stranges, Dr. Anthony. "Fischer-Tropsch Archive". Washington, D.C.: Fischer-Tropsch.org. Retrieved 2009-06-17.
    ^14.10 Western Axis Subcommittee (December 5, 1943). ""Unknown" Synthetic Oil Plants of the Western Axis" (PDF). Enemy Oil Committee. p. 13. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 21, 2008. Retrieved 2009-05-11.
    ^13.20 "The Fischer-Tropsch Process". Archived from the original on 2007-11-11. Retrieved 2009-03-26.[page needed]
    ^13.30 Western Axis Subcommittee (c. 1943). "Estimated Refinery Output in Axis Europe -- 1943" (PDF). Enemy Oil Committee. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
    • "Table IV: Hungarian Refineries". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    ^13.40 Hartley, Harold (26 November 1943). "J.I.C (43) 480: The Axis Oil Position in Europe: November 1943" (PDF). pp. 32 pdf pages. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 August 2008. Retrieved 21 May 2009.[verification needed]
    ^13.50 "Meeting No. 45/6" (PDF). Enemy Oil Intelligence Committee. February 6, 1945. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 21, 2008. Retrieved 2009-03-22.
    • "Memorandum": 19 of pdf. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    • "Minutes": 20 of pdf. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    • "Annex": 27 of pdf. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    • Weekly Survey No. 31. Economic Advisory Branch. 2 February 1945. p. 32 of pdf.
    • "Table I, Estimated Output …". 6 February 1945: 33 of pdf. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    • "Table II …". 6 February 1945: 34 of pdf. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    • "Table III Output Production Status …": 35–7 of pdf. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    ^13.55 "Index of Documents, Reel #304". Archived from the original on 2012-02-16. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
    ^13.60 "Status of the Enemy Oil Committee" (PDF). Enemy Oil Intelligence Committee. February 12, 1945. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 21, 2008. Retrieved 2009-03-22.
    ^13.70 "Report On Investigations by Fuels and Lubricants Teams At The I.G. Farbenindustrie, A. G., Works, Ludwigshafen and Oppau". US Bureau of Mines, Office of Synthetic Liquid Fuels. August 1946. Archived from the original on 2007-11-08. Retrieved 2009-03-21.
    ^13.80 "Summaries: Microfilm 2, U.S. Government Technical Oil Mission" (PDF). pp. 15 pdf pages (last numbered 14). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2009-05-21. Table of Contents Archived 2008-05-16 at the Wayback Machine
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  17. [17]
    "The Bomber's Baedeker". PRO London: Ministry of Economic Warfare. AIR 14/2662. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) (cited by Coffey, p. 237)
  18. [18]
    Becker, Peter W. (1981). "The Role of Synthetic Fuel In World War II Germany: implications for today?". Air University Review. Maxwell AFB. Archived from the original on 2013-02-22. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
  19. [19]
    Casablanca Conference: Papers and Minutes of Meetings. available at Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library; Combined Chiefs of Staff: Conference proceedings, 1941-1945; Box 1: Office of the Combined Chiefs of Staff. January 1943. pp. 40–43, 88, 256. Brehon Somervell … DECLASSIFIED … 10/29/73 … U.S. SECRET … BRITISH MOST SECRET … COPY NO. 32{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) (Brehon Somervell is stamped on the inside front cover of the Eisenhower Library copy, and the copy number is stamped on the inside back cover)
    C.C.S. 158: "Axis Oil Position". January 19, 1943. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) (pages 40-2)
    C.C.S. 166/1/D: "The Bomber Offensive from the United Kingdom" (jpg). January 21, 1943 – via WikiMedia Commons. Approved by Combined Chiefs of Staff at their 65th meeting on January 21, 1943. ... You should take every opportunity to attack Germany by day [and] to destroy objectives that are not unsuitable for night attack (distributed version, pages 88-9)
    "C.C.S. 62nd Meeting [minutes]". January 19, 1943: 254. 1. Axis Oil Position [pp. 255-257] {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  20. [20]
    "World War II: Caucasuses Campaign (1942)". histclo.com. Retrieved 2013-10-23.
  21. [21]
    "Army Air Force Research Histories". AAF Historical Offices. Retrieved 2024-04-05.
    ^13.03 AAFRH-3: Cruickshank, Earl (1944). "The Ploesti Mission of 1 August 1943": vii. We must, therefore, apply [bombardment] to those specially selected and vital targets which will give the greatest return. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) (p. vii: Arnold to Spaatz, April 10, 1943)
    ^13.10 AAFRH-10: "The War Against the Luftwaffe: AAF Counter-Air Operations, April 1943-June 1944". SECRET … Classification Cancelled … JUN 8, 1959 ... the Bradley Plan [was the plan for ] troop build-up for the Eighth Air Force. ... General Arnold prepared a "Plan to Assure the Most Effective Exploitation of the Combined Bomber Offensive" and submitted it to the Joint Chiefs of Staff on 9 October 1943. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) (p. 84)
    ^13.18 AAFRH-18: "The Early Operations of the Eighth Air Force and the Origins of the Combined Bomber Offensive". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
    ^13.19 AAFRH-19: Stormont, John F. (Capt) (March 1946) [1945 summer]. The Combined Bomber Offensive: April through December 1943. AAF Historical Office; Headquarters, Army Air Force. SECRET … Classification Cancelled … JUN 10 1959 (available at the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library in the "Collection of 20th Century Military Records, 1918-1950 Series I"; Historical Studies Box 35).
    ^13.22 AAFRH-22: Norris, Joe L. (Capt) (April 1947) [1946 Winter-Spring]. "The Combined Bomber Offensive: 1 January to 6 June 1944": 6. SECRET … Classification Cancelled … JUN 10, 1959 … In December 1942 … Arnold … directed that the group of operations analysts under C/AS, Management Control, prepare … In compliance with this directive, the Committee of Operations Analysts submitted on 8 March 1943 a comprehensive report on Axis industry. … Nineteen vital industries were selected … which if destroyed would … stagnate the German war machine. (p. 6) {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) (also available in Box 35)
  22. [22]
    [dead link]
  23. [23]
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    Plan for Completion of Combined Bomber Offensive. Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library: SMITH, WALTER BEDELL: Collection of World War II Documents, 1941-1945; Box No.: 48: HQ, U.S.S.T.A.F. 5 March 1944. MOST SECRET … DECLASSIFIED … 4/4/74{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
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    "Spaatz Collection". Library of Congress, Manuscript Division. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help):
    ^27.10 1943-12-27: Arnold, Henry H. (27 December 1943). "[letter to Spaatz: "Dear Tooey"]". Spaatz Collection. Box 14. we must use our initiative and imagination with a view of seeking out, destroying the German Air Force in the factories, depots, on the ground, or in the air, wherever they may be.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link) (quoted by Mets note 51, pp. 191,383)
    ^27.25 1944-02-03: Arnold, Henry H. (3 February 1944). "Objectives for Area Attack [memorandum to Eaker]". available at AF/HSO microfilm, reel A5616, fr. 45. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: location (link)
    ^27.20 1944-01-21: Spaatz, Carl (21 January 1944). "[message to Arnold]". Spaatz Collection. Box 14.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
    ^27.30 1944-02-15: Hughes, Richard D. (15 February 1944). "Conference Held at A.E.A.F Headquarters, Stanmore 15 February 1944 [letter and notes]". Spaatz Collection. Box 14.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
    ^27.35 Col. Richard D. Hughes was Eaker's "target-selection specialist." (Coffey, p. 237)
    ^27.40 1944-02-19: Spaatz, Carl (19 February 1944). "[message to Arnold]". Spaatz Collection. Box 14.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
    ^27.50 1944-03-24: Spaatz, Carl (24 March 1944). "Employment of Strategic Air Forces in the Support of OVERLORD". Spaatz Collection. Box 14. We believe attacks on transportation will not force the German fighters into action. We believe they will defend oil to their last fighter plane.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link) (quoted by Mets note 100, pp. 204,386)
    ^27.60 1944-03-25: "Final Minutes of a Meeting held on Saturday, March 25, to Discuss the Bombing Policy in the Period Before 'OVERLORD'". Spaatz Collection. Box 14. "apart from the attack on the GAF, [German Air Force] the transportation plan was the only one which offered a reasonable chance of the air forces making an important contribution to the land battle during the first vital weeks of OVERLORD{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link) (quoted by Mets, p. 208)
    ^27.70 1944-08-09: Kuter, Laurence (Brig. Gen.) (9 August 1944). "[memo to Arnold]". Spaatz Collection. Box 15.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link) Kuter quotes an Air Ministry memorandum for the July 5 meeting. (cited by Mets note 60, pp. 269, 394: "staff meeting the British Chiefs of Staff ... 5 July 1944 ... Portal had tried to move Harris away from area bombing to join in the attacks on oil. ... the recommendation that emerged was a gigantic attack on Berlin")
    ^27.80 1944-09-23: "Directives Agreed by DCAS, RAF, and Lieutenant General Carl Spaatz". Spaatz Collection. Box 15. 23 September 1944. The German rail and waterborne transportation systems; tank production plants and depots, ordnance depots; and M.T. (motor transport) production plants and depots{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: location (link) became the secondary priorities. (quoted by Mets note 23, pp. 260,393)
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References
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