Okinawa_naval_order_of_battle

Okinawa naval order of battle

Add article description

For the April 1945 invasion of Okinawa (Allied codename: Operation Iceberg), the Allies assembled the most powerful naval force in history. Since the few remaining capital ships of the Imperial Japanese Combined Fleet had been sunk or otherwise put out of action at the Battle of Leyte Gulf, the Allies were effectively unopposed in terms of major surface vessels; a single mission consisting of the superbattleship Yamato and a few escorts was undertaken, but the task force did not get within 200 nautical miles (370 km; 230 mi) of the invasion area. The main Japanese naval opposition within the invasion area came from hundreds of Imperial Japanese Navy Shin'yō-class suicide motorboats and Maru-Ni Imperial Japanese Army attack boats.

Landings on Okinawa and neighboring islands

Destroyer William D. Porter sinks after a kamikaze attack off Okinawa, 10 June 1945. A landing craft, support stands by to pick up survivors.

Since the Japanese air arm had been equally decimated by this point in the war, the lack of trained and experienced pilots led them to deploy the kamikaze extensively in the waters off Okinawa.

US Navy combat ships:
11 fleet carriers, 6 light carriers, 22 escort carriers, 8 fast battleships, 10 old battleships, 2 large cruisers, 12 heavy cruisers, 13 light cruisers, 4 anti-aircraft light cruisers, 132 destroyers, 45 destroyer escorts

Amphibious assault vessels:
84 attack transports, 29 attack cargo ships, LCIs, LSMs, LSTs, LSVs, etc.

Auxiliaries:
52 submarine chasers, 23 fast minesweepers, 69 minesweepers, 11 minelayers, 49 oilers, etc.

Royal Navy combat ships:
5 fleet carriers, 2 battleships, 7 light cruisers, 14 destroyers

Losses
The smaller ships were least able to withstand damage from kamikaze attacks.

12 to kamikaze: Twiggs, Mannert L. Abele, Callaghan, William D. Porter, Pringle, Bush, Dickerson, Emmons, Swallow, Canada Victory, Logan Victory, Hobbs Victory
2 to mines: Halligan, Skylark
1 to collision: Thornton

Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Okinawa_naval_order_of_battle, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] Sunk by kamikaze 10 June

[2] Scuttled 4 April following severe damage from kamikaze on 2 April

[3] Sunk by kamikaze 16 April

[6Apr-4] Sunk by kamikaze 6 April

[5] Struck mine 28 April

[6] Sunk by kamikaze 22 April

[7] Struck mine 26 March

[8] Sunk by kamikaze 16 June

[9] Sunk by kamikaze 12 April

[10] Sunk by kamikaze 28 July

[cruiser-12] These cruisers were intended as destroyer leaders when designed. After the first two to be used in this role, Atlanta and Juneau, were lost at the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, this mission was rejected and the anti-aircraft mission adopted.^[1]

[13] About 19 years after Okinawa, the Maddox was involved in the Tonkin Gulf Incident that served as a pretext for the escalation of US combat forces in Vietnam.

[17] Sunk after collision 5 April

[kamikaze-18] Sunk by kamikaze

[sunk_7Apr-20] Sunk by US carrier planes 7 April

[scuttled_7Apr-21] Scuttled after receiving severe damage from US carrier planes 7 April

[11] [1]
Stille, p. 7

[14] [2]
O'Callahan, Joseph T. (1956). I Was Chaplain on the Franklin. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 40. LCCN 56010786.

[15] [3]
Foster, Jeremiah D. (November 21, 2019). "Franklin III (CV-13)". Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved July 2, 2020.

[16] [4]
Condon, John P. "U.S. Marine Corps Aviation". Deputy Chief of Naval Operations (Air Warfare) and Commander, Naval Air Systems Command. p. 21. Retrieved July 2, 2020.

[19] [5]
Morison, p. 202

[22] [6]
Toll, Ian, Twilight of the Gods, (2020) Norton and Co., New York, New York, pg. 593

[23] [7]
"The British Fleet at Okinawa". The British Fleet at Okinawa. WWII Forums. Retrieved November 4, 2020.

[24] [8]
All information is public domain from United States Navy, with casualties taken from individual action reports, table format and structure is heavily borrowed from Morison, Samuel, Eliot, Victory in the Pacific, 1945, (Copyright 1960), Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland, Appendix II pgs. 390–392

[25] [9]
Morison, Victory, pg. 115–116

[26] [10]
Morison, Victory, pg. 176

[M177-27] [11]
Morison, Victory, pg. 177

[28] [12]
Morison, Victory, pg. 218

[M186-91-29] [13]
Morison, Victory, pg. 186–191

[30] [14]
"Destroyer History, USS Howorth". Destroyer History. Destroyer History Foundation.

[31] [15]
Morison, Victory, pg. 192

[32] [16]
Morison, Victory, pg. 184

[33] [17]
"Loss report of PGM-18". www.fold3.com. Retrieved April 9, 2020.

[34] [18]
"Loss report of YMS-103". www.fold3.com. Retrieved April 9, 2020.

[35] [19]
Toll, Ian, Twilight, pg. 597

[36] [20]
Morison, Victory, pg. 147

[William_B._Allison-37] [21]
"Daily Event for May 24, 2008, William B. Allison". Maritime Quest Article on William B. Allison. Maritime Quest. Retrieved June 10, 2021.

[38] [22]
Morison, Victory, pg. 275

[M279-39] [23]
Morrison, Victory, pg. 279

[lower-alpha 1]

[lower-alpha 2]

[lower-alpha 3]

[lower-alpha 4]

[lower-alpha 5]

[lower-alpha 6]

[lower-alpha 7]

[lower-alpha 8]

[lower-alpha 9]

[lower-alpha 10]

[lower-alpha 11]

[lower-alpha 12]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[lower-alpha 13]

[lower-alpha 14]

[5]

[lower-alpha 15]

[lower-alpha 16]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[1]

Allied Naval vessels damaged and sunk by Japanese forces at Okinawa, primarily kamikazes, 19 March – 30 July 1945^[8]
Day	Ship	Type	Cause	Killed	Wounded
19 Mar 45	USS Franklin	Carrier	Air Attack, two 550 lb. bombs thru to hangar deck	724	265
19 Mar 45	USS Wasp	Carrier	Air Attack, bomb thru flight & hangar decks	101	269
20 Mar 45	USS Halsey Powell	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze	12	29
26 Mar 45	*USS Halligan	Destroyer	Mine, 3 miles SE of Maye Shima, exploded 2 forward magazines, bow blown off^[9]	153	39
26 Mar 45	USS Kimberly	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze	4	57
26 Mar 45	USS Nevada	Battleship	Air Attack, kamikaze	11	49
26 Mar 45	USS Biloxi	Light Cruiser	Air Attack, kamikaze	0	0
27 Mar 45	USS Murray	Destroyer	Air Attack, bomb	1	116
27 Mar 45	USS O'Brian	Destroyer	Air Attack, Val kamikaze w/bomb	50	76
28 Mar 45	*USS Skylark	Small Minesweeper	Mine, struck mines twice off Hagushi beaches, 1st amidships	5	25
28 Mar 45	USS LSM(R)-188	Landing Ship	Air Attack by single kamikaze	15	32
29 Mar 45	USS Wyandot	Attack Cargo Ship	Mine, possibly bomb	0	1
31 Mar 45	USS Indianapolis	Cruiser	Air Attack, bomb thru fuel tanks	9	20
1 Apr 45	USS Adams	Destroyer Minelayer	Air Attack, kamikaze w/bombs to fantail	0	0
1 Apr 45	USS Alpine	Attack Transport	Air Attack, bomb and kamikaze	16	27
1 Apr 45	USS Hinsdale	Attack Transport	Air Attack, kamikaze w/bombs hit waterline	16	39
1 Apr 45	#USS LST-884	Tank Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze, scuttled May 6	24	21
2 Apr 45	*USS Dickerson	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze Nick crashed bridge, towed, scuttled^[10]	54	23
2 Apr 45	USS Goodhue	Attack Transport	Air Attack, kamikaze aimed at bridge glanced mainmast, hit cargo boom, gun tubs, over side^[11]	24	119
2 Apr 45	USS Henrico	Attack Transport	Air Attack, kamikaze w/bombs hit bridge	49	125
2 Apr 45	USS Achernar	Attack Cargo Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze w/bomb hit starboard	5	41
3 Apr 45	USS Wake Island	Escort Carrier	Air Attack, kamikaze blew below waterline	0	0
3 Apr 45	USS Pritchett	Destroyer	Air Attack, 500 lb bomb	0	0
3 Apr 45	USS Foreman	Destroyer	Air Attack, bomb passed thru her bottom, exploded below	0	3
3 Apr 45	USS LST-599	Tank Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze thru main deck, fires^[11]	0	21
3 Apr 45	#USS LCT-876	Landing Craft Tank	Air Attack	0	2
4 Apr 45	*USS LCI(G)-82^[12]	Landing Craft, Infantry	Suicide Boat	8	11
5 Apr 45	USS Nevada	Battleship	Coastal Battery	2	16
6 Apr 45	*USS Bush	Destroyer	Air Attack, 3 kamikaze hits 2 between stacks, blew forward engine room, broke in half^[13]	94	32
6 Apr 45	*USS Colhoun	Destroyer	Air Attack, 4 kamikaze hits, bombs blew forward, & aft fire rooms at waterline^[13]	35	21
6 Apr 45	USS Howorth	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze struck superstructure, fires put out^[14]	9	14
6 Apr 45	USS Hyman	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze Hampton hit torpedo tubes twixt stacks^[15]	10	40
6 Apr 45	#USS Leutze	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze blew at fantail, bad flooding^[16]	7	34
6 Apr 45	#USS Morris	Destroyer	Air Attack, Kate kamikaze portside	0	5
6 Apr 45	USS Mulaney	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit depth charges	13	45
6 Apr 45	#USS Newcomb	Destroyer	Air Attack, multiple kamikazes	40	24
6 Apr 45	USS Haynsworth	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze	7	25
6 Apr 45	#USS Witter	Destroyer Escort	Starboard waterline kamikaze	0	5
6 Apr 45	USS Fieberling	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze near miss	6	6
6 Apr 45	*USS Emmons	Destroyer Minesweeper	Air Attack, 5 kamikaze hits, scuttled 7 April	64	71
6 Apr 45	USS Rodman	Destroyer Minesweeper	Air Attack, 4 kamikaze hits	16	20
6 Apr 45	USS Defense	Small Minesweeper	Air Attack, two kamikaze strikes	0	9
6 Apr 45	*USS LST-447	Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze hit close above waterline, bomb blew	5	17
6 Apr 45	*SS Hobbs Victory	Small Cargo	Air Attack, kamikaze struck port, flames ignited ammunition	15	3
6 Apr 45	*SS Logan Victory	Small Cargo	Air Attack, kamikaze struck superstructure, flames ignited ammunition	16	11
7 Apr 45	USS Hancock	Carrier	Air Attack, cartwheeling kamikaze	72	82
7 Apr 45	USS Maryland	Battleship	Air Attack, kamikaze hit starboard	16	37
7 Apr 45	USS Bennett	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit engine room	3	18
7 Apr 45	USS Wesson	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze starboard	8	23
7 Apr 45	*USS PGM-18	Small Gunboat	Mine, powerful explosion	14	14
7 Apr 45	*YMS-103	Small Minesweeper	Mine, struck two mines, blowing off her bow and stem rescuing PGM-18^[17]^[18]	5	0
8 Apr 1945	USS Gregory	Destroyer	Air Attack, port kamikaze amidships near waterline	0	2
8 Apr 45	USS YMS-92	Small Sweeper	Air Attack	0	0
9 Apr 45	USS Charles J. Badger	Destroyer	Suicide Boat threw depth charge or mine^[19]	0	0
9 Apr 45	USS Sterett	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit starboard at waterline	0	9
9 Apr 45	USS Hopping	Destroyer Transport	Coastal Battery, damaging hits off Buckner Bay	2	18
11 Apr 45	USS Kidd	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze	38	55
12 Apr 45	USS Tennessee	Battleship	Air Attack, kamikaze hit signal bridge	25	104
12 Apr 45	*USS Mannert L. Abele	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze	79	35
12 Apr 45	USS Purdy	Destroyer	Air Attack, splashed kamikaze bomb skidded in	13	27
12 Apr 45	USS Cassin Young	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit foremast	1	59
12 Apr 45	USS Zellars	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze crashed port, bomb blew	29	37
12 Apr 45	USS Rall	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze starboard aft, bomb blew	21	38
12 Apr 45	USS Whitehurst	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, kamikaze w/bomb crashed pilot house	37	37
12 Apr 45	USS Lindsey	Destroyer Minelayer	Air Attack, 2 kamikaze Val strikes	56	51
12 Apr 45	USS LSM(R)-189	Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze	0	4
12 Apr 45	*USS LCS(L)-33	Landing Craft	Air Attack, kamikaze Val amidships	4	29
12 Apr 45	USS LCS(L)-57	Landing Craft	Air Attack, 3 kamikaze strikes	2	6
14 Apr 45	USS Sigsbee	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze damaged port engine	4	74
16 Apr 45	USS Intrepid	Carrier	Air Attack, kamikaze crashed deck, fires put out	10	87
16 Apr 45	USS Bryant	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze to bridge, w/explosion	34	33
16 Apr 45	USS Laffey	Destroyer	Air Attack, multiple kamikaze hits	31	72
16 Apr 45	*USS Pringle	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze Val hit abaft stack No. 1, explosion, broke in half	65	110
16 Apr 45	USS Bowers	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, kamikaze to bridge, bomb hit pilot house	48	56
16 Apr 45	#USS Harding	Destroyer Minesweeper	Air Attack, kamikaze struck side near bridge	22	10
16 Apr 45	USS Hobson	Destroyer Minesweeper	Air Attack, near miss kamikaze's bomb veered in	4	8
16 Apr 45	USS LCS(L)-116	Landing Craft	Air Attack, kamikaze hit aft gun mount	12	12
18 Apr 45	USS LSM-28	Landing Ship	Air Attack	0	0
22 Apr 45	USS Isherwood	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze w/bomb crashed gun mount	42	41
22 Apr 45	*USS Swallow	Small Sweeper	Air attack, bad kamikaze hit flooded her, 3 mins sunk	2	9
22 Apr 45	USS LCS(L)-15	Landing Craft	Air Attack	15	11
27 Apr 45	#USS Hutchins	Destroyer	Suicide Boat explosive blew close	0	0
27 Apr 45	#USS Rathburne	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit port bow waterline	0	0
27 Apr 45	*SS Canada Victory	Small Cargo	Air Attack, kamikaze hit stern, lit ammo, sunk 10 mins	12	27
28 Apr 45	USS Pinkney	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit aft of superstructure, lit ammo	35	12
28 Apr 45	USS Comfort	Hospital Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze thru 3 decks to surgery	30	48
29 Apr 45	#USS Haggard	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze went thru hull, blew engine room	11	40
29 Apr 45	USS Hazelwood	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze Zero hit port bridge	46	26
29 Apr 45	#USS LCS(L)-37	Landing Craft	Suicide Boat	0	4
30 Apr 45	USS Terror	Minelayer	Air Attack, kamikaze blew thru main deck	48	123
3 May 45	*USS Little	Destroyer	Air attack, 5 kamikaze strikes	30	79
3 May 45	#USS Aaron Ward	Destroyer Minelayer	Air Attack; 3 kamikaze hits and bomb frags	45	49
3 May 45	USS Macomb	Destroyer Minelayer	Air Attack, kamikaze	7	14
3 May 45	*USS LSM(R)-195	Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze hit rockets, sunk	8	16
4 May 45	USS Hopkins	Destroyer Minesweeper	Air Attack, glancing blow by burning kamikaze	0	1
4 May 45	#USS Sangamon	Escort Carrier	Air Attack, kamikaze & bomb blew thru flight deck	46	116
4 May 45	USS Birmingham	Light Cruiser	Air Attack, kamikaze hit forward	51	81
4 May 45	USS Ingraham	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze above port waterline, bomb blew	14	37
4 May 45	*USS Luce	Destroyer	Air Attack, 1st kamikaze bomb hit, 2nd kamikaze struck aft	149	94
4 May 45	*USS Morrison	Destroyer	Air Attack, 1st kamikaze hit bridge, then 3 more hit	159	102
4 May 45	USS Shea	Destroyer	Air Attack Ohka kamikaze thru starboard bridge	27	91
4 May 45	USS Carina	Cargo Ship	Suicide Boat ramming caused explosion	0	6
4 May 45	*USS LSM(R)-190	Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze set off her rockets	13	18
4 May 45	*USS LSM(R)-194	Landing Ship	Air Attack	13	23
9 May 45	#USS England	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze dive bomber	35	27
9 May 45	#USS Oberrender	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, kamikaze hit starboard gun mount, bomb thru main deck	8	53
11 May 45	USS Bunker Hill	Carrier	Air Attack, 3 kamikaze hits with bombs thru flight deck	396	264
11 May 45	#USS Hugh W. Hadley	Destroyer	Air Attack, Aft bomb, an Ohka, and 2 more kamikazes struck	28	67
11 May 45	#USS Evans	Destroyer	Air Attack, Struck by 4 kamikazes, fires put out	30	29
11 May 45	USS LCS(L)-88	Landing Craft	Air Attack	7	9
13 May 45	USS Enterprise	Fast Carrier	Air Attack, 2 kamikazes, struck port, & under starboard bow	13	68
13 May 45	USS Bache	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit, bomb exploded amidships just above main deck	41	32
13 May 45	USS Bright	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, kamikaze Zero hit fantail, bomb exploded	0	2
17 May 45	USS Douglas H. Fox	Destroyer	2 kamikaze strikes, one to forward gun mounts, one to fantail	9	35
18 May 45	*USS Longshaw	Destroyer	Coastal Battery, 4 hits, one ignited magazine, blew off bow back to bridge^[20]	86	97
18 May 45	*USS LST-808	Landing Ship Tank	Air Attack	11	11
20 May 45	#USS Chase	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, Splashed kamikaze skidded in, bombs opened hull, w/flooding	0	35
20 May 45	#USS Thatcher	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze Oscar struck aft of bridge, large hole	14	53
20 May 45	#USS John C. Butler	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, kamikaze hit to mast and antennas	0	0
25 May 45	USS Stormes	Destroyer	Air Attack, crashed aft torpedo mount, bomb blew large hole, flooded aft	21	6
25 May 45	USS O'Neill	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, kamikaze	0	16
25 May 45	USS Butler	Destroyer Minesweeper	Air Attack, kamikaze bombs exploded under keel	0	15
25 May 45	#USS Spectacle	Small Minesweeper	Air Attack, kamikaze crashed port gun tub causing fires	29	6
25 May 45	*USS Barry	Destroyer Transport	Air Attack, kamikaze badly crashed starboard side, fires, abandoned	0	30
25 May 45	*USS Bates	Destroyer	Air Attack, 2 kamikaze hits, fires, abandoned, towed, later sank	21	35
25 May 45	USS Roper	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit off Hanagushi, Okinawa	1	10
25 May 45	*LSM-135	Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze caused fires, beached, abandoned	11	10
25 May 45	SS William B. Allison, aka USS Inca ^[21]	Cargo Ship, Liberty Ship	Air Attack, Aerial Torpedo off Nakagusuku Wan	8	2
27 May 45	USS Braine	Destroyer	Air Attack, 2 kamikazes, 1st hit bridge, and 2nd hit amidships	66	78
27 May 45	#USS Forrest	Destroyer Minesweeper	Air Attack, kamikaze crashed starboard side waterline	5	13
27 May 45	USS Rednour	Transport	Air Attack, 2 kamikaze hits, one made 10-foot hole in main deck	3	13
27 May 45	USS Loy	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, kamikaze near miss sprayed fragments	3	15
27 May 45	LCS(L)-119	Landing Craft	Air Attack	12	6
28 May 45	*USS Drexler	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, 1st kamikaze Frances hit topside, 2nd Frances w/bombs crashed superstructure	158	51
28 May 45	USS Sandoval	Attack Transport	Air Attack, kamikaze hit portside of wheelhouse	8	26
29 May 45	USS Shubrick	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze bomb hit starboard causing hole, exploding depth charge	32	28
3 June 45	#USS LCI(L)-90	Landing Craft Infantry	Air Attack, kamikaze	1	7
6 June 45	#USS J. William Ditter	Destroyer Minelayer	Air Attack, 1st kamikaze glanced, 2nd hit port near main deck	10	27
6 Jun 45	USS Harry F. Bauer	Destroyer Minelayer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit superstructure	0	0
10 Jun 45	*USS William D. Porter	Destroyer	Air Attack, splashed kamikaze Val's bomb exploded close underwater	0	61
11 Jun 45	USS LCS(L)-122	Landing Craft	Air Attack kamikaze hit conning tower base, bomb fragments caused fires^[22]	11	29
16 Jun 45	*USS Twiggs	Destroyer	Air Attack, splashed kamikaze and bomb blew in hull plating, w/structural damage	126	34
21 Jun 45	USS Halloran	Destroyer Escort	Air Attack, splashed kamikaze's bomb struck	3	24
21 Jun 45	USS Curtiss	Seaplane Tender	Air Attack, kamikaze and bomb ripped 2 holes in hull and blew	41	28
21 Jun 45	*USS LSM-59	Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze strike while towing USS Barry, sank in 4 minutes	2	8
22 Jun 45	USS LSM-213	Landing Ship	Air Attack, kamikaze strike at Kimmu Wan, hull damage^[23]	3	10
22 Jun 45	USS LST-534	Landing Ship Tank	Air Attack, While offloading on Nagagusuku Wan, kamikaze hit bow doors, tank deck^[23]	3	35
29 Jul 45	*USS Callaghan	Destroyer	Air Attack, bi-plane kamikaze hit, its bomb blew aft engine room, sunk	47	73
30 Jul 45	USS Cassin Young	Destroyer	Air Attack, kamikaze hit forward, earlier hit April 12	22	45

Okinawa_naval_order_of_battle

Okinawa naval order of battle

Allied command structure

Naval

Ground troops

Allied amphibious forces

Joint Expeditionary Force (Task Force 51)

Northern Attack Force (Task Force 53)

Southern Attack Force (Task Force 55)

Expeditionary Troops (Task Force 56)

Allied combat ships

Amphibious Support Forces (Task Force 52)

Gunfire and Covering Force (Task Force 54)

British Carrier Force (Task Force 57)

Fast Carrier Force (Task Force 58)

Allied logistics and support vessels

Support and Service Units (Task Force 50)

Japanese order of battle

Surface Special Attack Force

Naval vessels damaged and sunk at Okinawa

Notes

References

See also

Bibliography

Share this article: