Osh Region (Kyrgyz: Ош облусу, romanized: Osh oblusu; Russian: Ошская область, romanized: Oshskaya oblast) is a region (oblast) of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Osh, which is not part of the region.^[2] It is bounded by (clockwise) Jalal-Abad Region, Naryn Region, China (Xinjiang), Tajikistan (Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region), Batken Region, and Uzbekistan (Andijan and Fergana Regions). Its total area is 28,934 km² (11,171 sq mi).^[3] The resident population of the region was 1,391,649 as of January 2021.^[1] The region has a sizeable Uzbek (28.0% in 2009) minority.^[3]

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Osh Region Ош облусу (Kyrgyz) Ошская область (Russian)
Region
From the top, View of Osh on Sulayman Mountain, Sulayman-Too Mosque in Osh, National Historical and Archaeological Museum Complex
Flag Coat of arms
Map of Kyrgyzstan, location of Osh Region highlighted
Coordinates: 40°0′N 73°0′E
Country	Kyrgyzstan
Capital	Osh
Government
• Governor	Taalaibek Sarybashev
Area
• Total	28,934 km2 (11,171 sq mi)
Population  (2023-01-01)[1]
• Total	1,460,425
• Density	50/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+6 (KGT)
ISO 3166 code	KG-O
Districts	7
Cities	3
Villages	474

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Most of the population lives in the flat northern part of the Oblast, on the edge of the Ferghana Valley. The land gradually rises southward to the crest of the Alay Mountains, drops into the Alay Valley and rises to the Trans-Alai Range which forms the border with Tajikistan. In the east, the land rises to the Ferghana Range, roughly parallel to the Naryn border. This area is drained by the Kara Darya which flows northwest to join the Naryn to form the Syr Darya in the Ferghana Valley.

Highway M41 goes south over the mountains from Osh to the Tajik border. At Sary-Tash a branch goes east to the Chinese border crossing at Irkeshtam. The other main road goes west through the flat country to Batken Region.

The Osh Region is divided administratively into seven districts:^[2]

Kara-Suu, Nookat and Özgön are cities of district significance. There are no urban-type settlements in the region.^[2]

The resident population of Osh Region, according to the Population and Housing Census of 2009, was 1,104,248. Of these, 87,824 people live in urban areas, and 1,016,424 in rural ones.^[3] The official population estimate for the beginning of 2021 was 1,391,649.^[1]

Kyrgyzstan's only exclave within Uzbekistan is administratively part of Osh Region (Kara-Suu District). This is the tiny village of Barak (population 627) in the Fergana valley, located on the road from Osh (Kyrgyzstan) to Khodjaabad (Uzbekistan) about 4 km north-west from the Kyrgyz–Uzbek border in the direction of Andijan.^[5]