Otetela
Tetela language
Bantu language of the DR Congo
Tetela (Otetela, Kitetela, Kikitatela), also Sungu, is a Bantu language of northern Kasai-Oriental Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is spoken by the Tetela people.
Quick Facts Native to, Region ...
Tetela | |
---|---|
Ɔtɛtɛla | |
Native to | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Region | Northern Kasai Oriental Province |
Ethnicity | Tetela people |
Native speakers | (760,000 cited 1991)[1] |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | Either:tll – Tetelahba – Hamba |
Glottolog | tete1250 Tetelahamb1245 Hamba |
C.71 [2] |
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Consonants
More information Labial, Alveolar ...
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | |
voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | (ɡ) | ||
prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᶮd͡ʒ | ᵑɡ | ||
Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʃ | h | |
voiced | v | |||||
prenasal | ᶬv | |||||
Lateral | l | |||||
Approximant | j | w |
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- [ɡ] is heard as an allophone of /k/ in intervocalic positions.[3]
Vowels
Like other Bantu languages, Tetela grammar arranges nouns into a number of classes. The ancestral system had 22 classes (counting singular and plural as distinct according to the Meinhof system), with most Bantu languages sharing at least ten of them.
More information class, semantics ...
class | semantics | prefix | singular | translation | plural | translation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1, 2 | persons | o-/ɔ-/w-, a- | omfúnjí | scribe, secretary | amfúnjí | scribes, secretaries |
3, 4 | trees, etc | o-/ɔ-/w-, e-/ɛ- | ojja | place | ejja | places; region |
5, 6 | various | di-/dy-, a- | dihamvú | fruit of Chrysophyllum lacourtianum | ahamvú | fruits of Chrysophyllum lacourtianum |
7, 8 | various | ke-/e-, di-/dy- | kesashi | chief | disashi | chiefs |
9, 10 | animals, etc | Ø-/N-, Ø-/N- | mbódí | goat | mbódí | goats |
11, 10 | abstract concepts, etc | lo-, N- | lolémí | language | némí | languages |
12, 13 | various | ka-/k-, to-/t- | kashikɛ | helmet (from French casque) | toshikɛ | helmets |
19, 13 | various | °i- (complex morphology), to-/t- | jɔ́ndɔ́ | ??? | tɔlɔ́ndɔ́ | ??? |
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- Tetela at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Hamba at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
- Kamomba, Michel Wetshemongo (2020). Parler, lire et écrire la langue bantoue otetela. L'Harmattan.
- Elysee Meta Okubo. 2016. A COLLECTION OF 100 TETELA PROVERBS. Proverb website
- Mukanga, Ndjeka Elizabeth, Empenge Albert Shefu, Ambaye Albertine Tshefu. 2020. Great Collection of Tetela Proverbs on the African Wisdom. Pittsburgh: Dorrance Publishers. [283 proverbs, 107 pages]
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