Career in academia

From January 2001 to May 2004, De Castro chaired the Nomisma Economics Studies Institute. He also chaired the Qualivita Foundation and currently runs the International Agricultural Policy Magazine edited by the Informatore Agrario in Verona. He is professor at the Agriculture Academy of Bologna, the Georgofili Agricultural Economics Academy of Florence, the Agriculture Academy of Pesaro and the National Academy of Treja.

From 1996 to 1998 de Castro served as economic advisor to Prime Minister Romano Prodi and economic advisor to the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry Resources, Michele Pinto. Since 1 June to 31 December 2000 he was appointed special Advisor to the EU Commission's president. From 21 October 1998 to 25 April 2000 he served as Minister of Agriculture and Forestry Policies in both governments chaired by Massimo D'Alema.

De Castro is also scientific coordinator of the International Center for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM) in Paris, and scientific Director of the Genio Rurale Magazine: a magazine on goods evaluation and territory science of Edagricole. He is also member of the Italian Agricultural Economists' Society (SIDEA) and of the European Agricultural Economics Association (EAEA).

Minister of Agriculture, Food and Forestry Policy

A candidate in the Italian general election held from 9 to 10 April 2006 in Apulia in the Olive Tree list, De Castro was elected to the XV Legislature. In May 2006 he was appointed Minister of Agriculture, Food and Forestry Policies in the government chaired by Romano Prodi.

Member of the European Parliament

De Castro became a Member of the European Parliament following the 2009 European elections. In parliament, he is a member of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats group. Since 2009 he has since been serving on the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development. Between 2009 and 2014, De Castro acted as the committee's chairman. In this capacity, he led the parliament's negotiations in 2013 with the Council of the European Union on the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) budget for 2014–2020.^[2] Since 2014, he has been serving as his parliamentary group's coordinator on the committee. In 2019, he also joined the Committee on Budgets.

In addition to his committee assignments, De Castro has been a member of the parliament's delegation for relations with the United States (since 2011) and of the European Parliament Intergroup on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights.^[3] From 2009 until 2011, he was also a member of the delegation for relations with the Palestinian Legislative Council.