Parliament_House,_Helsinki

Parliament House, Helsinki

Parliament House, Helsinki

Finnish legislative meeting place

The Parliament House (Finnish: Eduskuntatalo, Swedish: Riksdagshuset) is the seat of the Parliament of Finland. It is located in the Finnish capital Helsinki, in the district of Töölö.

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History

In 1923 a competition was held to choose a site for a new parliament house. Arkadianmäki, a hill beside what is now Mannerheimintie, was chosen as the best site.

The architectural competition which was held in 1924 was won by the firm of Borg–Sirén–Åberg with a proposal called Oratoribus (Latin for "for the speakers").[1] Johan Sigfrid Sirén (1889–1961), who was mainly responsible for preparing the proposal, was given the task of designing Parliament House. The building was constructed 1926–1931 and was officially inaugurated on March 7, 1931.[2] Ever since then, and especially during the Winter War and Continuation War, it has been the scene of many key moments in the nation's political life.[3][4][5]

Architecture and features

Exterior wall of the Parliament House. The Corinthian capitals of Parliament House are made of red Kalvola granite.

Sirén designed Parliament House in a stripped classical architectural style combining Neoclassicism with early twentieth century modernism. Sirén's combination of simplified columns and balusters with simplified planar geometry bears comparison to similar explorations by Erik Gunnar Asplund and Jože Plečnik. The exterior is red Kalvola granite. The façade is lined by fourteen columns with Corinthian capitals.[1]

The building has five floors, each of which is unique. The floors are connected by a white marble staircase and famous paternoster lifts. Most important for visitors are the main lobby, the stately plenary chamber (Session Hall) and the large reception hall (State Hall).

Notable later additions to the building are the library annex completed in 1978 and a separate office block, Pikkuparlamentti (English: Little Parliament), the necessity of which was an object of some controversy, completed in 2004.[1]

Floors of the Parliament House

First floor

The first floor contains the main lobby, the Speaker's reception rooms, the newspaper room, the information service, the documents office, the messenger centre, the copying room, the restaurant, and some separate function rooms. At both ends of the lobby are marble staircases leading up to the fifth floor.[1]

Second floor

The second floor, also known as the main floor, is centered on the plenary chamber. Its galleries have seats for the public, the press, and diplomats. Also located on this floor are the reception hall (the Hall of State), the Speaker's Corridor, the Government Corridor, the cafeteria, and adjacent function rooms.[1]

Third floor

The third floor includes facilities for the information unit and the media, and provides direct access to the press gallery of the plenary chamber. The Minutes Office and a number of committee rooms are also located here.[1]

Fourth floor

The fourth floor is reserved for committees. Its largest rooms are the Grand Committee room and the Finance Committee room.[1]

Fifth floor

The fifth floor contains meeting rooms and offices for the parliamentary groups. Additional offices for the parliamentary groups are located on the sixth floor, along with additional facilities for the media.[1]

Statues of the former presidents

Most of the statues of former presidents of the Republic of Finland have been placed in the vicinity of the Parliament House. On the lawn in front of the house are the statue of K. J. Ståhlberg from 1959[6] and the statue of P. E. Svinhufvud from 1961,[7] both carved by Wäinö Aaltonen, the former on the north and the latter on the south. In the same block, in the Parliament Park immediately north of the Parliament House, there is a statue of Kyösti Kallio from 1962,[8] carved by his son Kalervo Kallio.

Sightseeing

Guided tours are arranged on Saturdays at 11:00 and 12:30 and on Sundays at 12:00 and 13:30; in July and August also at 14:00 on weekdays. On Tuesdays and Fridays, one can watch the Parliament in session from the public balcony.

  • Aerial view of the Parliament House
  • Statue of P. E. Svinhufvud by Wäinö Aaltonen
  • Entrance lobby
  • Paternoster lift
    (there is also a normal elevator)
  • White marble staircase
  • Curved staircase
  • State Hall
    [note 1]
  • Session Hall
    (the statues are Work and the Future (fi) by Wäinö Aaltonen)
  • Cafeteria of the Pikkuparlamentti annex

See also

Notes

  1. [N 1]
    With busts of the five people who have acted as both president and speaker of parliament.[9]

References

  1. [1]
    "Eduskunnan talot ja taide". Eduskunta. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  2. [2]
    Parliament House, Helsinki, Finland - Spotting History
  3. [3]
    "Eduskuntatalon historiaa". Helsingin Sanomat. 4 March 2019. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  4. [4]
    Koivisto, Matti (28 December 2018). "Ullakolla asui koditon, sydänkohtaus kirjattiin pöytäkirjaan ja aulassa nuori nainen ampui itsensä – Eduskuntatalo on täynnä tarinoita, joita harvat tuntevat". Yle. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  5. [5]
    Angervuori, Ari (27 May 2016). "Eduskuntatalon rakentaminen 1926–1931 rakennusmestarin kokemana". Rakennustaito. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  6. [6]
    K. J. Ståhlberg Helsingin taidemuseon Julkiset veistokset (in Finnish)
  7. [7]
    P. E. Svinhufvud Helsingin taidemuseon Julkiset veistokset (in Finnish)
  8. [8]
    Kyösti Kallion muistopatsas Helsingin taidemuseon Julkiset veistokset (in Finnish)
  9. [9]
    Ijäs, Johannes (11 March 2020). "Sauli Niinistön rintakuva odottaa tekijäänsä – eduskunnassa käsiteltiin puuttuvaa patsasta". Demokraatti. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
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