Peter C. Aichelburg (born 9 November 1941) is an Austrian physicist well known for his contributions to general relativity, particularly for his joint work with Roman Sexl on the Aichelburg–Sexl ultraboost^[1] of the Schwarzschild vacuum.

Peter Aichelburg is the second child of Ludwig Aichelburg (born 1917) and Martha Michalek (born 1920), a descendant of the Bohemian line of the House of Aichelburg^[2] from Carinthia.

Lectures by Walter Thirring influenced him to pursue theoretical problems. He was a postdoc at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Trieste, Italy from 1968 to 1969.^[3] In an interview he recounts that his father was surprised that after such difficult studies he did not immediately obtain a tenured position.

Before his retirement in November 2007 Aichelburg taught at the University of Vienna, where he held a position in the Institute of Theoretical Physics.

• Peter C. Aichelburg; Roman U. Sexl, eds. (1979). Albert Einstein: his influence on physics, philosophy and politics. Braunschweig; Wiesbaden: Springer. ISBN 3-528-08425-1.