The Petroleum Act 1926 (16 & 17 Geo. 5. c. 25) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which amends and extends the Petroleum Acts 1871 and 1879.

The Petroleum Acts 1871 and 1879 were still the principal Acts controlling the licensing, storage and use of petroleum and petroleum products in the late 1920s. It was recognised that a considerable number of changes had taken place since the 1870s in the use of petroleum such as the development of the motor car and the increased use of petrol by the public. These included the storage and use of petroleum spirit for motor vehicles, motor boats, aircraft and other engines.

In 1913 the London Fire Brigade attended 50 instances of the overflow or leakage of petrol and 23 incidents of fire or explosion involving petrol.^[1] In 1920 the corresponding numbers were 77 overflows and 146 fires.^[2]

It was also expedient to included other substances such as methylated spirit, ether, carbon disulphide, tetraethyl-lead used as additives to gasoline, and compressed gases in metal cylinders.^[3][4]

The Petroleum Act 1926 addressed some of these issues.

The Petroleum Act 1926 received royal assent on 4 August 1926.^[5]

The Petroleum (Mixtures) Order 1907 had been made to include mixtures  of petroleum and other substances whether liquid, viscous or solid which had a flash point less than 73 °F. The Petroleum (Mixtures) Order 1927 was made on the 27 June 1927 to apply the provisions of the Petroleum Act 1926 to Petroleum Mixtures.^[7]

The Petroleum Act 1926 was repealed by the Petroleum (Consolidation) Act 1928. The requirement for licensing, labelling, transportation, accident notification, powers of inspectors, etc. were re-enacted in the Petroleum (Consolidation) Act 1928. This remained a relevant statute until it was repealed on 1 October 2014 by The Petroleum (Consolidation) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1637), made under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974.

• Petroleum Act