Phylloquinone
Phytomenadione
Chemical compound
Phytomenadione, also known as vitamin K1 or phylloquinone, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.[4][5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6]
It is used to treat certain bleeding disorders,[5] including warfarin overdose, vitamin K deficiency, and obstructive jaundice.[5] Use is typically recommended by mouth, intramuscular injection or injection under the skin.[5] When given by injection benefits are seen within two hours.[5] It is also recommended for preventing and treating vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) in infants.[5] Many countries in the world choose intramuscular injections in newborn to keep them safe from VKDB. It is considered a safe treatment and saves many children from death and severe neurologic deficit every year.[7]
Side effects when given by injection may include pain at the site of injection.[5] Severe allergic reactions may occur when it is injected into a vein or muscle, but this has mainly happened when large doses of a certain type of supplement containing castor oil were given intravenously.[8] Use during pregnancy is considered safe,[9] use is also likely okay during breastfeeding.[10] It works by supplying a required component for making a number of blood clotting factors.[5] Food sources include green vegetables, vegetable oil, and some fruit.[11]
Phytomenadione was first isolated in 1939.[12] In 1943 Edward Doisy and Henrik Dam were given a Nobel Prize for its discovery.[12]