Polanka Wielka [pɔˈlaŋka ˈvʲɛlka] is a village in Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Polanka Wielka.^[1] It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Oświęcim and 46 km (29 mi) west of the regional capital Kraków.

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Polanka Wielka
Village
Saint Nicholas Church
Polanka Wielka
Coordinates: 49°59′N 19°19′E
Country	Poland
Voivodeship	Lesser Poland
County	Oświęcim
Gmina	Polanka Wielka
First mentioned	1326
Highest elevation	285 m (935 ft)
Lowest elevation	245 m (804 ft)
Population	3,800

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The village was first mentioned in 1326 in the register of Peter's Pence payment among Catholic parishes of Zator deaconry of the Diocese of Kraków as Polenka.^[2] Later in the late 14th century a sister settlement was established, Polanka Górna (lit. Upper Polanka) or Polanka Nowa (New), and the older village was then dubbed Polanka Stara (Old) or Polanka Dolna (Lower).

Politically the villages belonged initially to the Duchy of Oświęcim, formed in 1315 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the villages were mentioned as Polanka Antiqua and Nowa Polanka.^[3]

The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship. Upon the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it became part of the Austrian Kingdom of Galicia. After World War I and fall of Austria-Hungary it became part of Poland. It was annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II, and afterwards it was restored to Poland.