The Portuguese Legion (Portuguese: Legião Portuguesa) was a Portuguese paramilitary state organization founded in 1936 during the Portuguese President of the council's António de Oliveira Salazar's right-wing dictatorship, the Estado Novo. It was dissolved by law on April 25, 1974.

Its stated objectives were to "defend the spiritual heritage [of Portugal]" and to "fight the communist threat and anarchism".

The Portuguese Legion was under the control of the Ministry of the Interior and War, and was responsible for coordinating civil defense in Portuguese territory, including in the Portuguese Empire. It was deeply involved in multiple collaborations with PIDE, the political police. They used the Roman salute and also used to shout the name of Salazar in their parades.

Membership in the Portuguese Legion was open to any person over 18 years of age.

Members of the Portuguese Legion were divided into three levels:
Escalão das Actividade Militares: included legionaries from the ages of 18 to 45.
Escalão Privativo da DCT: Members 45 and older.
Escalão de Serviços Moderados: Only open to members over the age of 60.

The official oath of the Portuguese Legion was:

In addition to the legionnaires, there were subscribers who were not members of the LP, but contributed to its financing.

The uniform of the Portuguese Legion consisted of brown pants and a dolmã, a traditional Portuguese military tunic, a green shirt, and tie. In the Brigada Naval of the LP the trousers and dolmã were dark blue.

The official war cry of the Portuguese Legion was:

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• Provincial organization of volunteers and civil defence, equivalent in some colonies of the Portuguese Empire
• Mocidade Portuguesa, the Estado Novo's youth organization
• União Nacional, the Estado Novo's single party
• Humberto Delgado
• Yves Guérin-Sérac

This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (February 2016)

• ARAÚJO, Rui. The Empire of Spies . Alfragide: Book Workshop, 2010
• RODRIGUES, Luís Nuno. The Portuguese Legion: a new state militia (1936–1944) . Lisbon: Editorial Estampa, 1996.
• SILVA, Joshua's. Portuguese Legion: repressive force of fascism . Lisbon: Diabril Publisher 1975.