Prices_of_chemical_elements

Prices of chemical elements

Prices of chemical elements

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This is a list of prices of chemical elements. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Data on elements' abundance in Earth's crust is added for comparison.

See also: Diamonds as an investment
See also: Scandium § Price
See also: Rhodium § Mining and price
See also: Palladium as an investment
See also: Silver as an investment
See also: Tin § Price and exchanges
See also: Iridium § Production
See also: Platinum as an investment
See also: Gold as an investment
See also: Bismuth § Price
See also: Uranium market

As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium. It is followed by caesium, iridium and palladium by mass and iridium, gold and platinum by volume. Carbon in the form of diamond can be more expensive than rhodium. Per-kilogram prices of some synthetic radioisotopes range to trillions of dollars. While the difficulty of obtaining macroscopic samples of synthetic elements in part explains their high value, there has been interest in converting base metals to gold (Chrysopoeia) since ancient times, but only deeper understanding of nuclear physics has allowed the actual production of a tiny amount of gold from other elements for research purposes as demonstrated by Glenn Seaborg.[1][2] However, both this and other routes of synthesis of precious metals via nuclear reactions is orders of magnitude removed from economic viability.

Chlorine, sulfur and carbon (as coal) are cheapest by mass. Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and chlorine are cheapest by volume at atmospheric pressure.

When there is no public data on the element in its pure form, price of a compound is used, per mass of element contained. This implicitly puts the value of compounds' other constituents, and the cost of extraction of the element, at zero. For elements whose radiological properties are important, individual isotopes and isomers are listed. The price listing for radioisotopes is not exhaustive.

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More information Z, Symbol ...

See also

Notes

  1. Density for 0 °C, 101.325 kPa.[3] For individual isotopes except deuterium, density of base element is used. Values in parentheses are theoretical predictions.
  2. Unless otherwise indicated, elements are primordial – they occur naturally, and not through decay.
  3. Price per volume for 0 °C, 101.325 kPa, pure element. For individual isotopes except deuterium, density of base element is used.
  4. Spot market price range on 3 February 2020.
  5. Market price on 5 February 2020
  6. Average price in November 2019. Data from China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation.
  7. Price average for entire year 2019.
  8. Market price on 4 February 2020
  9. This element is transient – it occurs only through decay (and in the case of plutonium, also in traces deposited from supernovae onto Earth).
  10. or earlier
  11. The values reported are present in 85th edition of CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics[44] (and possibly earlier) and remain unchanged to at least 97th edition.[45]
  12. Source lists prices of other rare earth elements (some of which are significantly different than the ones presented in table above):
    • lanthanum – 25 USD/kg
    • cerium – 30 USD/kg
    • praseodymium – 70 USD/kg
    • neodymium – 30 USD/kg
    • samarium – 80 USD/kg
    • europium – 1600 USD/kg
    • gadolinium – 78 USD/kg
    • terbium – 630 USD/kg
    • dysprosium – 120 USD/kg
    • holmium – 350 USD/kg
    • erbium – 180 USD/kg
    • thulium – 3000 USD/kg
    • ytterbium – 484 USD/kg
    • lutetium – 4000 USD/kg
    • yttrium – 96 USD/kg
  13. Fastmarkets Price[56] and Chart[57] Creator. Mid-market price from price table. Year of latest price data (2016) read from chart. Archived: table, chart (5, 7, 50, 1200 data points)
  14. Available from Oak Ridge National Laboratory as reported in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Price does not include packing costs. The values reported are present in Handbook's 85th edition[44] (and possibly earlier) and remain unchanged to at least 97th edition.[45]
  15. This source also lists price of Americium-243 as 180 USD/mg, which is much higher than reported in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics and used in this table.

References

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