Primobolan

Metenolone acetate

Metenolone acetate

Chemical compound

Metenolone acetate, or methenolone acetate, sold under the brand names Primobolan and Nibal, is an androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS) medication which is used mainly in the treatment of anemia due to bone marrow failure.[1][2][3][4][5][6] It is taken by mouth.[5] Although it was widely used in the past, the drug has mostly been discontinued and hence is now mostly no longer available.[4][5][2] A related drug, metenolone enanthate, is given by injection into muscle.[5]

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Side effects of metenolone acetate include symptoms of masculinization like acne, increased hair growth, voice changes, and increased sexual desire.[5] The drug is a synthetic androgen and anabolic steroid and hence is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT).[5][7] It has moderate anabolic effects and weak androgenic effects, as well as no estrogenic effects or risk of liver damage.[5][7] Metenolone enanthate is a metenolone ester and a prodrug of metenolone in the body.[5]

Metenolone acetate was introduced for medical use in 1961.[8][5] In addition to its medical use, metenolone acetate is used to improve physique and performance.[5] The drug is a controlled substance in many countries and so non-medical use is generally illicit.[5] It remains marketed for medical use only in a few countries, such as Japan and Moldova.[4][5]

Side effects

See also: Anabolic steroid § Adverse effects

Pharmacology

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Chemistry

See also: List of androgens/anabolic steroids and List of androgen esters

Metenolone acetate, or metenolone 17β-acetate, is a synthetic androstane steroid and a derivative of DHT.[1][2][5] It is the C17β acetate ester of metenolone, which itself is 1-methyl-δ1-4,5α-dihydrotestosterone (1-methyl-δ1-DHT) or 1-methyl-5α-androst-1-en-17β-ol-3-one.[1][2][5]

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History

Metenolone acetate was first introduced for medical use in West Germany in 1961 under the brand name Primobolan and in the United States in 1962.[8][5]

Society and culture

Generic names

Metenolone acetate is the generic name of the drug and its INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, while methenolone acetate is its USANTooltip United States Adopted Name and BANMTooltip British Approved Name.[1][2][3][4][5]

Brand names

Metenolone acetate is or has been marketed under a number of brand names including Primobolan, Primobolan S, Primonabol, and Nibal.[1][2][3][4][5]

Availability

Metenolone acetate is marketed in Japan and Moldova.[4][5]

References

  1. [1]
    Elks J (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 784–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
  2. [2]
    Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. Taylor & Francis. 2000. pp. 659–661. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1.
  3. [3]
    Morton IK, Hall JM (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties and Synonyms. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 178–. ISBN 978-94-011-4439-1.
  4. [4]
    "List of Androgens and anabolic steroids". drugs.com.
  5. [5]
    William Llewellyn (2011). Anabolics. Molecular Nutrition Llc. pp. 625–632. ISBN 978-0-9828280-1-4.
  6. [6]
    Handelsman DJ (25 February 2015). "Androgen Physiology, Pharmacology, and Abuse". In Jameson JL, De Groot LJ (eds.). Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 2388–. ISBN 978-0-323-32195-2.
  7. [7]
    Kicman AT (June 2008). "Pharmacology of anabolic steroids". British Journal of Pharmacology. 154 (3): 502–521. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165. PMC 2439524. PMID 18500378.
  8. [8]
    William Andrew Publishing (22 October 2013). Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia (3rd ed.). Elsevier. pp. 2109–. ISBN 978-0-8155-1856-3.
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