Princeton_Historic_District_(Princeton,_New_Jersey)

Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey)

Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey)

Historic district in New Jersey, United States

The Princeton Historic District is a 370-acre (150 ha) historic district located in Princeton, New Jersey that was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1975. It stretches from Marquand Park in the west to the Eating Clubs in the East, from the Princeton Cemetery in the north to the Graduate College in the south. The district encompasses the core parts of the campuses of the Princeton Theological Seminary and Princeton University. It also includes the business district centered on Nassau Street and many historic homes, both mansions in the western section and more humble dwellings in the Witherspoon/Jackson neighborhood. Notable churches within the district include Nassau Presbyterian Church, Trinity Episcopal, Nassau Christian Center, and the Princeton University Chapel. The district is home to seven of Princeton's nine, and New Jersey's fifty-eight, National Historic Landmarks, the largest concentration of such sites in the state.

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Significance

Charles Willson Peale, George Washington at the Battle of Princeton (1784), Princeton University Art Museum, showing Nassau Hall in the background

Princeton, and the world-renowned University to which it is home, has played a significant role in 300 years of American history. Not only does the town have a strong architectural heritage, it has also made notable contributions to the world of politics, religion, science, and literature.

Princeton's first settlers came in the 1690s, with Quakers settling along the Stony Brook, and the Kingston Mill being built along the Millstone River. The town itself grew up in the early 18th century along an old Indian trail which became Nassau Street. The College of New Jersey, which became Princeton University in 1896, was founded in 1746 and moved to Princeton ten years later on the completion of Nassau Hall. The town sent two residents to sign the Declaration of Independence, Richard Stockton and John Witherspoon. A third former resident, Joseph Hewes, whose house, Maybury Hill, is a national historic landmark in Princeton that lies outside the historic district, also was a signer. The town was occupied by the British during the American Revolution, using Bainbridge House as their headquarters. After his famous crossing of the Delaware and victory at the Battle of Trenton, George Washington led the Continental Army to victory at the Battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777. Nassau Hall itself served as the capital of the United States in the summer of 1783 and George Washington received the nation's thanks there.

Princeton was home to four presidents, James Madison and Woodrow Wilson as students, the later also as university president, Grover Cleveland in the years after he left the White House, and John F. Kennedy during his freshman year, before his transfer to Harvard. Aaron Burr Jr. was a student here before being Vice-President of the United States and is buried in the Princeton Cemetery at the feet of his more highly esteemed father, Aaron Burr Sr., and theologian grandfather, Jonathan Edwards. Many architects from Benjamin Latrobe and Ralph Adams Cram to I. M. Pei and Frank Gehry have left their mark on the town. As home to the oldest Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Princeton has been host to many important theologians from Archibald Alexander and Samuel Miller to Charles Hodge and B. B. Warfield. Joseph Henry brought Princeton first to prominence as a center of science, a legacy that led Albert Einstein to make Princeton's Institute for Advanced Study his home after he fled Germany in 1933. Princeton has also been home to writers as varied as Thomas Mann, Upton Sinclair, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Toni Morrison.[2]

Contributing properties

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National Historic Landmarks

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Independently listed on the National Register of Historic Places

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Other significant contributing properties

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See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Princeton Historic District (Princeton, New Jersey).

References

  1. [1]
    "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places — Mercer County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection — Historic Preservation Office. April 5, 2013. p. 8. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 16, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  2. [2]
    "Princeton Historic District". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  3. [3]
    Numbers represent an alphabetical ordering by significant words. Various colorings, defined here, differentiate National Historic Landmarks and historic districts from other NRHP buildings, structures, sites or objects.
  4. [4]
    The eight-digit number below each date is the number assigned to each location in the National Register Information System database, which can be viewed by clicking the number.
  5. [5]
    Hageman, John Frelinghuysen (1878). History of Princeton and Its Institutions, Volume 1. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Company. p. 65. barracks.
  6. [6]
    Hageman, John Frelinghuysen (1879). History of Princeton and Its Institutions, Volume 1. J.B. Lippincott & Company. p. 96. Jonathan deare University Hotel.
  7. [7]
    Levin, Eric (July 15, 2014). "The 25 Best Restaurants of 2014". New Jersey Monthly.
  8. [8]
    "Princeton's Historic Sites and People". Historical Society of Princeton.
  9. [9]
    Hageman, John Frelinghuysen (1878). History of Princeton and Its Institutions, Volume 1. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Company. p. 123. Samuel Miller home.
  10. [10]
    Leitch, Alexander (1978). A Princeton Companion. Princeton University Press.
  11. [11]
    "Springdale". Historical Society of Princeton.
  12. [12]
    Hageman, John Frelinghuysen (1879). History of Princeton and Its Institutions, Volume 2. J.B. Lippincott & Company. pp. 200–208.
  13. [13]
    "Two Houses are in Focus". Town Topics. October 4, 1978.
  14. [14]
    Rojas, Cristina. "Leaders of Tiger Inn, a Princeton eating club, resign after party". Times of Trenton.
  15. [15]
    Yazigi, Monique (May 16, 1999). "At Ivy Club, A Trip Back to Elitism". New York Times. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
  16. [16]
    "Cap & Gown Club". Princeton University.
  17. [17]
    "Campus Center Iconography". Frist Campus Center. Princeton University.
  18. [18]
    "Church History". Princeton United Methodist Church.
  19. [19]
    Letich, Alexander (1978). A Princeton Companion. Princeton University Press. Archived from the original on October 19, 2017. Retrieved July 16, 2015.
  20. [20]
    Bloom, Craig (February 12, 1989). "Clubs at Princeton Curb Drinking". New York Times.
  21. [21]
    Leitch, Alexander. "Madison Hall". Princeton University.
  22. [22]
    Tumball, Andrew. Scott Fitzgerald. New York: Grove Press, 2001: p. 57
  23. [23]
    "Terrace Club". Princeton University.
  24. [24]
    "History of the Chapel". Office of Religious Life. Princeton University.
  25. [25]
    "Palmer Square Post Office Mural". The Living New Deal.
  26. [26]
    "Our History". Nassau Inn.
  27. [27]
    Leitch, Alexander (1978). A Princeton Companion. Princeton University Press. p. 137.
  28. [28]
    "Princeton University Library". Princeton University.
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