Pro-independence movements in the Russian Civil War
Pro-independence movements in the Russian Civil War within the territory of the former Russian Empire sought the creation of independent and non-Bolshevik nation states after the October Revolution. They were often supported politically or militarily by the Entente Powers. Some of them co-operated with the Russian White movement, but others fought it. Many pro-independence movements emerged after the fall of the Russian Empire and fought in the Russian Civil War.[1]
The following list presents some of the pro-independence movements and the conflicts they were involved in during this period.
Western periphery
Finland (independence from 1917)
Poland (independence from 1918)
Ukraine (independence 1917–1921; partitioned between Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and the Ukrainian SSR)
Belarus (independence 1918–1919; partitioned between Poland and the Belarusian SSR)
Crimea (independence 1917–1918; invaded by the Russian SFSR, later restored for a short while by the Ukrainian army)
Moldova
Baltic states
Estonia (independence from 1918)
Latvia (independence from 1918)
Lithuania (independence from 1918)
European Russia
- East European Russia
Bashkurdistan (independence 1917–1919; allied with the Russian SFSR and later annexed by it)
Idel-Ural (failed; annexed by the Russian SFSR)
- North European Russia
- South European Russia
Kuban Rada (formed into April, 1917. turned into the Kuban People's Republic in 1918)- Kuban People's Republic (independence 1918–1920; annexed by the Russian SFSR)
Don Republic (independence 1918–1919; annexed by the Russian SFSR)
Eastern periphery
- Siberia
- Far East
Caucasus
Transcaucasia
Azerbaijan (independence 1918–1920; transformed into the Azerbaijan SSR)
Armenia (independence 1918–1921; transformed into the Armenian SSR)
Georgia (independence 1918–1921; transformed into the Georgian SSR)
Caucasian Emirate
Mughan
Centrocaspian Dictatorship
Caucasian Republic (independence 1918–1920; annexed by the Russian SFSR)
Central Asia
Formerly
- East European Russia
- Central Asia
- Eastern Europe
References
- Bullock, David (2008). The Russian Civil War, 1918–22 (1st ed.). Oxford: Osprey Pub. ISBN 978-1-84603-271-4.