Province of Hesse-Nassau

The Province of Hesse-Nassau (German: Provinz Hessen-Nassau) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1868 to 1918, then a province of the Free State of Prussia until 1944.

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Province of Hesse-Nassau Provinz Hessen-Nassau
Province of Prussia
1868–1944
Flag Coat of arms
The Province of Hesse-Nassau (red), within the Kingdom of Prussia, within the German Empire
Capital	Kassel
Area
• 1905	15,699.3 km2 (6,061.5 sq mi)
• 1939	16,845 km2 (6,504 sq mi)
Population
• 1905	2,070,076
• 1939	2,688,922
History
History
• Established	1868
• Disestablished	1944
Political subdivisions	Kassel Wiesbaden
Preceded by Succeeded by Electorate of Hesse Duchy of Nassau Free City of Frankfurt Grand Duchy of Hesse Kingdom of Bavaria Province of Kurhessen Province of Nassau
Today part of	Germany

Hesse-Nassau was created as a consequence of the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 by combining the previously independent Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel), the Duchy of Nassau, the Free City of Frankfurt, areas gained from the Kingdom of Bavaria, and areas gained from the Grand Duchy of Hesse (including part of the former Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg from Hesse-Darmstadt). These regions were combined to form the province Hesse-Nassau in 1868 with its capital in Kassel and redivided into two administrative regions: Kassel and Wiesbaden. The largest part of the province surrounded the province of Upper Hesse in the Grand Duchy of Hesse (People's State of Hesse from 1918).

On 1 April 1929, the Free State of Waldeck became a part of Hesse-Nassau after a popular vote, becoming part of the Kassel administrative region.

In 1935, the Nazi government de facto abolished all states, so the provinces held little meaning. Nevertheless, effective 1 July 1944, Hesse-Nassau was split into the provinces of Kurhessen (capital in Kassel) and Nassau (capital in Wiesbaden). In 1945, after the end of World War II, these two provinces were re-merged and combined with most of the neighbouring People's State of Hesse to form Greater Hesse, which became the modern state of Hesse in 1946. Parts of Nassau were also moved into the Rhineland-Palatinate.