Qiandao Lake (simplified Chinese: 千岛湖; traditional Chinese: 千島湖; pinyin: Qiāndǎo Hú; lit. 'Thousand Island Lake') is a man-made freshwater lake located in Chun'an County, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, that was formed after the completion of the Xin'an River hydroelectric station in 1959.

Quick Facts Location, Coordinates ...

Qiandao Lake
Thousand Island Lake or Qiandao Lake viewed from atop a bell tower
Qiandao Lake
Location	Chun'an County, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
Coordinates	29°36′33″N 118°59′24″E
Type	reservoir
Basin countries	China
Surface area	573 km2 (221 sq mi)
Average depth	26 m (85 ft).
Max. depth	120 m (394 ft).
Water volume	17.8 km3 (4.3 cu mi).
Surface elevation	108 m (354 ft).
Islands	1078

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1,078 large islands dot the lake and a few thousand smaller ones are scattered across it. Over 90% of the land area is forested. The islands in the lake include Bird Island, Snake Island, Monkey Island, Lock Island (featuring supposedly the world's biggest lock),^{[clarification needed][1]} and the Island to Remind You of Your Childhood. The lake covers an area of 573 km² (221 sq mi) and has a storage capacity of 17.8 km³ (4.3 cu mi). The islands in the lake cover about 86 km² (33 sq mi).

The trend of Qiandao Lake's transformation from mid mesotrophic to mesotrophic, the polluting elements are heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter, cages and cruise ships; (up to 10 meters underwater) the temperature changes greatly, with an average of 28.2 °C-24.4 °C, and the water temperature is mostly maintained at a relatively high temperature, called the warm water layer, which is greatly affected by floods. About 30 meters up and down there is a sudden change of water temperature. This layer can also be called thermocline.

Spanning an area that nearly matches the size of Singapore and renown for having clear waters, Qiandao Lake hosts a major fishery and aquaculture industry.^[2][3] There are 83 species of fish in 13 families, including bighead carp, silver carp, grass carp, as well as precious fish species such as tuna, mandarin fish, and eel, with an annual output of more than 3,000 tons. It has also developed an artificial breeding industry, that mainly breeds carp, bream and tilapia, with an annual output of nearly 900,000 tons.^[4]

Due to its still waters, the lake is stocked with 30,000 sturgeons, a species that is native to Russia and Central Asia, which are bred to produce caviar for the Kaluga Queen label. The stillness of the waters helps the sturgeons to not have to swim against water currents and consequently be fattier, which allows its roe to be tastier and richer.^[5][6]

Companies take advantage of the pristine quality of the water and environment for aquaculture and water branding. Qiandao Lake is used to produce the Nongfu Spring brand of mineral water. Kaluga Queen produces much of the world's caviar through raising sturgeon in pens at the lake.^[15]

The lake has made Zhejiang a popular area for tourists. As a result, housing development has increased in the area since the late 1990s.

An expressway links Hangzhou, Qiandao Lake, and Huangshan in Anhui. Every half an hour buses leave from West Hangzhou bus station to that connect Qiandao Lake.^[16]

On December 25, 2018, high speed rail services started to serve the Qiandaohu railway station on the Hangzhou-Huangshan intercity railway.^[17]

• Lucky Buddha Beer
• Qiandao Lake Incident
• Hangzhou Qiandaohu, a company named after the lake, next to which its headquarters and brewery are located.