The RF&P Subdivision is a railroad line operated by CSX Transportation and jointly owned by CSX and Virginia. It runs from Washington, D.C., to Richmond, Virginia, over lines previously owned by the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad. The line's name pays homage to that railroad, which was a predecessor to the CSX.

v t e RF&P Subdivision
Legend
Landover Subdivision to Landover Anacostia Railroad Bridge (Anacostia River) Sousa Bridge I-295 11th Street Bridge Virginia Avenue Tunnel I-395 Center Leg Freeway Northeast Corridor Washington Union Station 112.2 mi 180.6 km First Street Tunnel (Virginia Tower) to Largo or New Carrollton 111.9 mi 180.1 km L'Enfant L'Enfant Plaza ( ) to Vienna, Ashburn, or Franconia I-395 Southwest Freeway 111.3 mi 179.1 km Long Bridge (Potomac River) DC VA 110.1 mi 177.2 km RO Tower Crystal City | Crystal City National Airport Four Mile Run Potomac Yard Braddock Road 105.1 mi 169.1 km Alexandria | King Street to Huntington Alexandria Yard 104.3 mi 167.9 km AF Tower 103.9 mi 167.2 km Seminary (to Washington Subdivision) 102.8 mi 165.4 km Washington Subdivision 101.2 mi 162.9 km Van Dorn Street I-95 / I-495 Capital Beltway 99.3 mi 159.8 km Franconia–Springfield 93.0 mi 149.7 km Lorton 92.3 mi 148.5 km Lorton Occoquan River 88.9 mi 143.1 km Woodbridge 85.3 mi 137.3 km Rippon Potomac Shores (planned) 79.1 mi 127.3 km Quantico 69.1 mi 111.2 km Brooke 63.5 mi 102.2 km Leeland Road 61.1 mi 98.3 km Dahlgren Junction Rappahannock River 59.3 mi 95.4 km Fredericksburg Spotsylvania 53.2 mi 85.6 km XR Tower 37.8 mi 60.8 km Milford Tower I-95 21.8 mi 35.1 km Doswell Diamond (Piedmont Subdivision) I-295 4.8 mi 7.7 km Richmond Terminal Subdivision to Staples Mill Road

At the northern (eastern) end of the line, the RF&P Sub connects to the Capital Subdivision, which runs to Baltimore, Maryland. Just before the Anacostia Railroad Bridge on the Capital Sub is the Virginia Avenue Tunnel. South (west) of the tunnel is a branch to the Amtrak First Street Tunnel, which leads to Union Station and the Northeast Corridor. The Virginia Avenue Tunnel is used only for freight trains, while the First Street Tunnel is used only for passenger trains.

Continuing south, the RF&P Sub crosses the Potomac River over the Long Bridge into Virginia, and passes through Alexandria and Fredericksburg, ending in Richmond at the Richmond Terminal Subdivision.^{[1] [2]}

The RF&P Sub is part of CSX's eastern seaboard line, and carries freight trains, as well as passenger trains for Amtrak and Virginia Railway Express (VRE). Freight traffic capacity on the subdivision has been improved by the modernization of the Virginia Avenue Tunnel. The tunnel is now double-tracked and has a higher vertical clearance, which allows the use of double-stack freight cars. South of Long Bridge is triple tracked until Franconia Station where it reduces to double track.

In 2008 CSX proposed improvements to the RF&P Sub in what would be a public-private partnership, as part of its National Gateway initiative.^[3] The improvements would enable use of double-stack cars, and include a modified or rebuilt tunnel, and lowering of track levels at several presently-restricted roadway overpasses.^[4]

In 2019, the Commonwealth of Virginia announced that they would purchase track from CSX along the subdivision in order to expand passenger rail service. The acquisition included half of the existing right-of-way and 39 miles of existing 3rd and 4th tracks; this accompanied and cemented existing plans to build a new passenger-only span at Long Bridge (Potomac River), expanding stations along the line, and adding additional passenger-only sidings and tracks. ^[5] The partial sale was completed in 2021.^[6]

• List of CSX Transportation lines