Robert Matteson Johnston (1867–1920) was an American historian and an important scholar of military history.

Robert Matteson Johnston was born in Paris on April 11, 1867.^[1][2] He was educated at Eton College and Pembroke College, Cambridge.^[1] He taught at Harvard University and Mount Holyoke College, and was a founding member of the faculty at Simmons University.^[3] In 1917, he was appointed Chief of the Historical Section of the General Staff in the field with the rank of major in the United States Army.^[1]

He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts on January 28, 1920.^[2]

• The Roman Theocracy and the Republic, 1846–49 (1901)
• Napoleon: A Short Biography (1904)
• The Napoleonic Empire in Southern Italy and the Rise of the Secret Societies, 2 vols. (London: Macmillan, 1904). Vol. 1 Vol. 2
• The Memoirs of Malakoff (1907)
• American Soldiers (1907)
• The French Revolution (1909)
• The Corsican (1910)
• The Holy Christian Church (1912)
• Mémoire de Marie Caroline, reine de Naples (1912)
• Bull Run (1913)
• First Reflections on the Campaign of 1918 (1920) OCLC 1022272