Robert Walpole (1676–1745) was the first prime minister of Great Britain.

Robert Walpole may also refer to:

• Robert Walpole (colonel) (1650–1700), Member of Parliament for Castle Rising, 1689–1700
• Robert Walpole, 2nd Earl of Orford (1701–1751), British peer, styled as The Lord Walpole from 1723 to 1745
• Robert Walpole (diplomat) (1736–1810), clerk of the Privy Council and ambassador to Portugal
• Robert Walpole (classical scholar) (1781–1856), English cleric and writer, son of the ambassador
• Robert Walpole (cricketer) (1768–1834), English amateur cricketer
• Robert Walpole (British Army officer) (1808–1876)
• Robert Walpole, 9th Baron Walpole (1913–1989), holder of Baron Walpole
• Robert Walpole, 10th Baron Walpole (1938–2021), British politician

• Walpole Vidal (Robert Walpole Sealy Vidal, 1853–1914), English footballer

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