Roberto Fico (Italian pronunciation: [roˈbɛrto ˈfiːko]; born 10 October 1974) is an Italian politician. He is a member of the Five Star Movement, and served as the President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies from 2018 to 2022.^[1] Previously, he was the Chairman of the RAI Supervision Commission from 2013 to 2018.^[2]

Fico was born in Naples in 1974 to a middle-class family.^[3] He studied communication studies at the University of Trieste and did an Erasmus exchange at the University of Helsinki, graduating in 2001 with a thesis regarding the social and linguistic identity of Neapolitan neomelodic music.^[4] After the university he worked for some press offices, in a hotel, as tour operator manager, in a call-center, in a butcher's shop and as a small importer of fabrics from Morocco.^[5][6][7]

On 18 July 2005, he founded one of the forty "Friends of Beppe Grillo" meetups in Naples, which led to the formation of the Five Star Movement was born.^[8] In 2010, he ran as President of Campania region, but only received 1.35% of the votes in the election.^[9] In 2011, he was the M5S candidate for Mayor of Naples, getting only 1.38% of votes, not exceeding the first round.^[10][11]

In December 2012, Fico arrived first, with 228 preferences obtained on the web, in the parliamentary primary election of the M5S, and thus he was nominated for the first position on the M5S list of the constituency Campania 1.^[12] In February 2013, he was elected to the 17th Italian Parliament.^[13]

In 2013, Fico was voted by his parliamentary group to the Presidency of the Chamber of Deputies without being elected.^[14] On 6 June 2013, he was elected Chairman of the RAI Supervision Commission.^[15] Fico has renounced the function allowance to which he would have been entitled as Chairman of the RAI Supervision Commission and the personal car.^[16] As president of the RAI Supervision Commission, during his presidency, he introduced the live streaming broadcast on the web TV of the Chamber of Deputies of all the auditions, the publication on the Parliament website of the questions addressed by the commissioners to RAI and the related answers and the determination of a maximum of 15 days for the answers to the questions by the public radio and television company.^[17] Among the acts approved by the Commission, there was a resolution aimed at resolving and avoiding possible conflicts of interest.^[18]

As a deputy, he also presented a draft law on the governance of RAI; one of the points, the plan for corporate transparency, has merged into the RAI reform approved in 2015 by the Parliament. Following the implementation of this plan, the company had to make public the remuneration of senior managers, editorial departments and journalistic publications.^[19][20]

Fico often stated that he was in favor of extending the right to marriage and adoption by same-sex couples. He also supports euthanasia for terminally ill person and the so-called jus soli, which is the right of anyone born in the territory of a state to nationality or citizenship.^[27][28] Fico is considered the leader of the left-wing faction of the Five Star Movement, often in opposition to Luigi Di Maio.^[29]