Russian_immigration_to_Mexico

Russian Mexicans

Russian Mexicans

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According to the 2000 Mexican census, 1,293 Russian citizens were resident in Mexico.[2]

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Russian explorers in New Spain and independent Mexico

See also: Fort Ross, California

16th and 17th centuries

  • 1542–43: Juan Cabrillo visits San Diego, Farallon Islands, Cape Mendocino, Cape Blanco, Oregon.
  • 1579–1639: Russian frontiersmen penetrate eastward to Siberia and the Pacific.
  • 1602: S. Viscaino explores to the Columbia River region, naming the Farallon Islands, Point Reyes and the Rio Sebastian (present-day Russian River).

18th century

  • 1728: Vitus Bering and Alexei Chirikov explore Bering Strait.
  • 1741–42: Bering and Chirikov claim Russian America (Alaska) for Russia.
  • 1769: Gaspar de Portola traveling overland discovers San Francisco Bay.
  • 1775: Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra anchors in outer Bodega Bay, trades with the local Indians.
  • 1784 — Russians Grigory Shelikov and his wife Natalia establish a base on Kodiak Island.
  • 1799 — Russian American Company (with manager Aleksandr Baranov) establishes Novo Arkhangelsk (New Archangel, now Sitka, Alaska).

19th century

  • 1806 — Count Nikolai Rezanov, Imperial Ambassador to Japan and director of the Russian American Company, visits the Presidio of San Francisco.
  • 1806–1813: American ships bring Russians and Alaska Natives on 12 California fur hunts.
  • 1808–1811 — Ivan Kuskov lands in Bodega Bay (Port Rumiantsev), builds structures and hunts in the region.
  • 1812 — March 15, Ivan Kuskov with 25 Russians and 80 Native Alaskans arrives at Port Rumiantsev and proceeds north to establish Fortress Ross.
  • 1812 — September 11, The Fortress is dedicated on the name-day of Emperor Alexander I
  • 1815 — First Russian migrant to California, José Antonio Bolcoff, arrives.
  • 1816 — Russian exploring expedition led by Captain Otto von Kotzebue visits California with naturalists Adelbert von Chamisso, Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz, and artist Louis Choris.
  • 1817 — Chief Administrator Captain Leonty Gagemeister conducts treaty with local tribal chiefs for possession of property near Fortress Ross. First such treaty conducted with native peoples in California.
  • 1818 — The Rumiantsev, first of four ships built at Fortress Ross. The Buldakov, Volga and Kiahtha follow, as well as several longboats.
  • 1821 — Russian Imperial decree gives Native Alaskans and Creoles civil rights protected by law
  • 1836 — Fr. Veniaminov (St. Innocent) visits Fort Ross, conducts services, and carries out census.
  • 1841 — Rotchev sells Fort Ross and accompanying land to John Sutter.

Migration history

After the anti-Jewish pogroms of 1881, Mexico frequently came under consideration as a possible refuge for Russian Jews seeking to emigrate.[3] In June 1891, Jacob Schiff, an American Jewish businessman with railroad interests in Mexico, wrote to Ernest Cassel to enquire about the possibility for settlement of Russian Jews there.[4] However, Russian Jews would not begin to arrive in significant quantities until the 1920s.[5]

Pryguny in Baja California

From 1905 to 1906, about 50 families of Spiritual Christian Pryguny (colloquially known as Molokans), who arrived in Los Angeles from Russia, sought a rural location, and relocated to 13,000 acres (53 km2) of land they had purchased in Guadalupe, Baja California in Mexico.[6] Theirs would become the most successful Prygun colony cluster in North America. There, they build houses largely in the Russian style, but of adobe rather than wood, and grew a variety of cash crops including mostly wheat, alfalfa, grapes, and tomatoes.[7] Their village was originally quite isolated, reflecting their desire to withdraw from society, but in 1958, road construction in the area resulted in an influx of Mexican and other settlers; some chose to flee encroaching urbanization, and returned to the United States. By the 1990s, only one family remained in the area.[8]

Notable Russian-Mexicans

Artist

Entertainment

  • Emmanuel Lubezki - Mexican cinematographer of Russian descent.
  • Ilya Salkind - Mexican film and television producer of Russian descent.
  • Noel Schajris, Argentine-born Mexican singer-songwriter and pianist of German, Ukrainian/Russian and Spanish descent.
  • Fannie Kauffman, Canadian-born Mexican actress and comedian of German, Romanian and Russian descent.
  • Kristoff Raczyñski, Russian-born Mexican actor, film producer, screenwriter and TV host of Polish origin.
  • Elias Breeskin, Russian-born Mexican violinist, composer and conductor.
  • Olga Breeskin, Mexican violinist, dancer and actress of Russian descent.
  • Arcady Boytler, Russian-born Mexican producer, screenwriter, and director.
  • Siouzana Melikián, Ukrainian-born Mexican actress of Russian and Armenian descent.
  • Sergio Olhovich, Indonesian-born Mexican film director and screenwriter of Russian descent.
  • Vladislav Badiarov, Russian-born Mexican violinist.
  • Jacques Gelman, Russian-born Mexican film producer
  • Ana Layevska, Ukrainian-born Mexican singer and actress of Russian origin.
  • Valentín Pimstein, Chilean-born Mexican producer of telenovelas to Russian-Jewish parents.
  • José Besprosvany, Mexican dancer, choreographer, director and teacher of Russian Jewish descent.
  • Claudia Salinas, Mexican model, actress and former ballerina to Russian Ashkenazi mother.
  • Philip Saltzman, Mexican-born American executive producer and television writer to Russian Jewish parents.

Literature

  • Margo Glantz - Mexican writer, essayist, critic and academic, daughter of Ukrainian Jews immigrant.
  • Sara Sefchovich, Mexican writer of Russian Jewish descent.

Politics

  • Senya Fleshin - Soviet Russian-born Mexican anarchist and photographer.
  • Mollie Steimer - Russian-born Mexican anarchist.
  • Leon Trotsky - Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politician, and the founder and first leader of the Red Army.
  • Emilio Kosterlitzky- Russian born commander of the rurales during the late 19th century.

Science

See also

References

[9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]

  1. [1]
    "Población inmigrante residente en México según país de nacimiento, 2015". Consejo Nacional de Población. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  2. [2]
    "Country-of-birth database". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 2009-09-29.
  3. [3]
    Krauze & Katz de Gugenheim 1987, pp. 212–4
  4. [4]
    Krauze & Katz de Gugenheim 1987, p. 221
  5. [5]
    Krauze & Katz de Gugenheim 1987, p. 260
  6. [6]
    Hardwick 1993, p. 95
  7. [7]
    Hardwick 1993, p. 96
  8. [8]
    Hardwick 1993, p. 97
  9. [9]
    Sokoloff, Nina Helen (28 August 2017). "Marino Azuela Como Novelista Revoluccionario Mexicano". Loyola University of Chicago. Retrieved 28 August 2017 – via Google Books.
  10. [10]
    "UTA, Department of Mathematics, Erick A. Trofimoff". Uta.edu. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  11. [11]
    "Organización Editorial Mexicana". Oem.com.mx. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  12. [12]
    "Automatizacion Y Robotica Fabricacion E Instalacion". Seccion Amarilla. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  13. [13]
    "Publicaciones Especiales del Museo de Zoología : Número 12 : 2003 : LA TAXONOMÍA EN MÉXICO DURANTE EL SIGLO XX" (PDF). Eprints.rclis.org. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  14. [14]
    "lagenetica española". dieumsnh.qfb.umich.mx. Retrieved 28 August 2017.

Bibliography

  • Krauze, Corinne Azen; Katz de Gugenheim, Ariela (1987). Los judíos en México: una historia con énfasis especial en el período de 1857 a 1930/The Jews in Mexico: a history with special emphasis on the period 1857 to 1930. Universidad Iberoamericana. ISBN 9789688590225.
  • Hardwick, Susan Wiley (1993). Russian refuge: religion, migration, and settlement on the North American Pacific rim. Geography Research Paper Series. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226316116.

Further reading

  • Story, Sydney Rochelle (1960). Spiritual Christians in Mexico: profile of a Russian village (Ph.D. dissertation). University of California, Los Angeles. OCLC 17406191.
  • Muranaka, Therese Adams (1988). Spirit jumpers: the Russian Molokans of Baja California. Ethnic technology notes. Vol. 21. San Diego: Museum of Man. ISBN 9780937808467. OCLC 18928066.
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