Rødøy
Rødøy
Municipality in Nordland, Norway
Rødøy is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland traditional region. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Vågaholmen. Other villages include Gjerøy, Jektvika, Kilboghamn, Melfjordbotn, Oldervika, Sørfjorden, and Tjong. The municipality consists of many islands to the west of Norway's second biggest glacier, Svartisen.
Rødøy Municipality
Rødøy kommune | |
|---|---|
| Rødø herred (historic name) | |
View of the island of Hestmona | |
|
| |
Nordland within Norway | |
Rødøy within Nordland | |
| Coordinates: 66°35′36″N 13°21′34″E | |
| Country | Norway |
| County | Nordland |
| District | Helgeland |
| Established | 1 Jan 1838 |
| Administrative centre | Vågaholmen |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2019) | Inger Dagmar Monsen (Ap) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 711.28 km2 (274.63 sq mi) |
| • Land | 685.82 km2 (264.80 sq mi) |
| • Water | 25.46 km2 (9.83 sq mi) 3.6% |
| • Rank | #162 in Norway |
| Population (2023) | |
| • Total | 1,139 |
| • Rank | #322 in Norway |
| • Density | 1.7/km2 (4/sq mi) |
| • Change (10 years) |  −13.1% |
| Demonym | Rødøyfjerding[1] |
| Official language | |
| • Norwegian form | Neutral |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| ISO 3166 code | NO-1836[3] |
| Website | Official website |
The 711-square-kilometre (275 sq mi) municipality is the 162nd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Rødøy is the 322nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,139. The municipality's population density is 1.7 inhabitants per square kilometre (4.4/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 13.1% over the previous 10-year period.[4][5]
The municipality of Rødøy was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). On 1 January 1884, the northern district of Rødøy was separated to form the new municipality of Meløy. This division left Rødøy with 1,945 residents. The borders of the municipality have not changed since that time.[6]
Name
The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the island of Rødøya (Old Norse: Rauðøy) since the first Rødøy Church was built there. The first element is rauðr which means "red" (probably referring to the color of the rocks of the island). The last element is øy which means "island".[7] Historically, the name of the municiaplity was spelled Rødø. On 6 January 1908, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to Rødøy.[8]
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 12 February 1988. The official blazon is "Argent, a lion couchant gules" (Norwegian: I sølv en liggende rød løve). This means the arms have a field (background) that has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The charge is red-colored lion that is laying down with its head up and its tail dangling down. The arms are somewhat canting because the municipal name means "Red Island", so the color red was chosen for the lion. The most striking formation on the island is a large, rocky mountain, which has a striking resemblance to a lion. The mountain's name is Rødøyløva, meaning "the Lion of Red Island", which is why this was chosen for the municipal arms. The silver background symbolizes the sea. The arms were designed by Olga Grimsmo Nilsen, former teacher in a local school.[9][10][11][12]
Churches
The Church of Norway has two parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Rødøy. It is part of the Nord-Helgeland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland.
| Parish (sokn) | Church name | Location of the church | Year built |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rødøy | Rødøy Church | Rødøya | 1885 |
| Rødøy indre | Sørfjorden Church | Sørfjorden | 1916 |
| Tjongsfjorden Church | Tjong | 1962 |
The eastern part of Rødøy is located on the mainland, just west of the Saltfjellet mountain range. The rest of the municipality consists of islands to the west including Gjerdøya, Storselsøya, Myken, Nesøya, Rangsundøya, Renga, and Rødøya. The westernmost part of the municipality is the Myken islands in the Vestfjorden, where the Myken Lighthouse is located.
The Tjongsfjorden is located in the northern part of the mainland of Rødøy, just north of the mountain Blokktinden. The Melfjorden is located in the southern part of the mainland, flowing out of the Saltfjellet–Svartisen National Park.
Climate
The Norwegian Meteorological Institute has a weather station near the Myken Lighthouse on an island west in the Norwegian Sea. Myken is situated 32 km from the mainland, and 25 km north of the Arctic Circle. This is one of the most oceanic stations in Northern Norway. The current station has recording since 1992, and an earlier station at same location was in operation 1920–1991. The all-time high temperature is 27.5 °C (81.5 °F) recorded July 1972; the all-time low is −13.9 °C (7.0 °F) recorded in February 1966. The driest month on record is September 2015 with 0.0 mm precipitation, and the wettest is October 1934 with 227 mm. The average date for first overnight freeze (below 0 °C (32 °F)) in autumn is November 10 (1981-2010 average) at Myken.[13]
| Climate data for Myken 1991-2020 (17 m, extremes 1921-2020 includes earlier station) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) |
8.9 (48.0) |
10.1 (50.2) |
18.2 (64.8) |
23.8 (74.8) |
25.3 (77.5) |
27.5 (81.5) |
26.1 (79.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
17.5 (63.5) |
13.5 (56.3) |
10.2 (50.4) |
27.5 (81.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.5 (38.3) |
2.9 (37.2) |
3.5 (38.3) |
5.7 (42.3) |
8.7 (47.7) |
11.4 (52.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
14.5 (58.1) |
12.4 (54.3) |
8.7 (47.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
4.5 (40.1) |
8.0 (46.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.3 (36.1) |
1.6 (34.9) |
2.1 (35.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
6.9 (44.4) |
9.7 (49.5) |
12.3 (54.1) |
12.8 (55.0) |
10.9 (51.6) |
7.5 (45.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
3.4 (38.1) |
6.5 (43.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.2 (32.4) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
0.3 (32.5) |
2.5 (36.5) |
5.3 (41.5) |
8.3 (46.9) |
11.1 (52.0) |
11.5 (52.7) |
9.5 (49.1) |
5.9 (42.6) |
3.1 (37.6) |
1.4 (34.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −12.6 (9.3) |
−13.9 (7.0) |
−12 (10) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
1 (34) |
6.3 (43.3) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−4.4 (24.1) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−12 (10) |
−13.9 (7.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 91.9 (3.62) |
70.6 (2.78) |
75.2 (2.96) |
57.2 (2.25) |
49.5 (1.95) |
40.9 (1.61) |
52.8 (2.08) |
66.2 (2.61) |
95.4 (3.76) |
94.5 (3.72) |
98.6 (3.88) |
100.0 (3.94) |
892.8 (35.15) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 17 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 173 |
| Source 1: Norwegian Meteorological Institute[14] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA[15] | |||||||||||||
All municipalities in Norway are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[16] The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Helgeland District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal.
Municipal council
The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Rødøy is made up of 17 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 1 | |
| Joint list of the Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) and the Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 10 | |
| Rødøy Common List (Rødøy fellesliste) | 6 | |
| Total number of members: | 17 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 1 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 3 | |
| Joint list of the Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) and the Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 9 | |
| Rødøy Common List (Rødøy fellesliste) | 4 | |
| Total number of members: | 17 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 1 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 | |
| Joint list of the Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) and the Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 7 | |
| Rødøy Common List (Rødøy fellesliste) | 3 | |
| Total number of members: | 17 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Progress Party (Fremskrittspartiet) | 2 | |
| Coastal Party (Kystpartiet) | 4 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 | |
| Rødøy Common List (Rødøy fellesliste) | 3 | |
| Steady Course (Stø kurs) | 2 | |
| Total number of members: | 17 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 3 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 2 | |
| Coastal Party (Kystpartiet) | 2 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 | |
| Rødøy common list (Rødøy fellesliste) | 4 | |
| Total number of members: | 17 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 3 | |
| Conservative Party (Høyre) | 1 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 2 | |
| Coastal Party (Kystpartiet) | 2 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 5 | |
| Rødøy common list (Rødøy fellesliste) | 4 | |
| Total number of members: | 17 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 4 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 2 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 | |
| Rødøy common list (Rødøy fellesliste) | 3 | |
| Rødøy coastal party (Rødøy kystparti) | 2 | |
| Total number of members: | 17 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 5 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 6 | |
| Rødøy common list (Rødøy fellesliste) | 7 | |
| Free Voters (Frie Velgere) | 2 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 5 | |
| Conservative Party (Høyre) | 1 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 1 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 5 | |
| Rødøy common list (Rødøy Fellesliste) | 6 | |
| Cross-party voting list (Tverrpolitisk valgliste) | 3 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 5 | |
| Conservative Party (Høyre) | 2 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 2 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 2 | |
| Rødøy common list (Rødøy fellesliste) | 4 | |
| Cross-party election list for middle and southern Rødøy (Tverrpolitisk valgliste for midtre og søndre Rødøy) | 6 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 8 | |
| Conservative Party (Høyre) | 4 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 3 | |
| Centre Party (Senterpartiet) | 4 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 1 | |
| Socialist common list (Sosialistisk Samlingsliste) | 1 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 4 | |
| Conservative Party (Høyre) | 5 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 4 | |
| Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 | |
| Joint list of the Centre Party (Senterpartiet) and the Liberal Party (Venstre) | 6 | |
| Cross-party—political independents list (Tverrpolitisk—partipolitisk uavhengig liste) | 1 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 5 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 5 | |
| Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) | 1 | |
| Mainland Free Voters' List (Fastlandets Frie Velgeres Liste) | 9 | |
| Collaborative independents election list (Samarbeidernes Uavhengige Valgliste) | 1 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 5 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 4 | |
| Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 12 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 8 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 4 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 6 | |
| Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 3 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 7 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 4 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 5 | |
| List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) | 2 | |
| Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) | 2 | |
| Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 1 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 8 | |
| Conservative Party (Høyre) | 1 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 4 | |
| Liberal Party (Venstre) | 5 | |
| Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 3 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 5 | |
| Conservative Party (Høyre) | 1 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 5 | |
| Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 10 | |
| Total number of members: | 21 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 7 | |
| Christian Democratic Party (Kristelig Folkeparti) | 8 | |
| List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) | 5 | |
| Total number of members: | 20 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 9 | |
| Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 11 | |
| Total number of members: | 20 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 9 | |
| List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) | 2 | |
| Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) | 1 | |
| Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 8 | |
| Total number of members: | 20 | |
| Party name (in Norwegian) | Number of representatives | |
|---|---|---|
| Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) | 6 | |
| List of workers, fishermen, and small farmholders (Arbeidere, fiskere, småbrukere liste) | 8 | |
| Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) | 3 | |
| Local List(s) (Lokale lister) | 3 | |
| Total number of members: | 20 | |
| Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945. | ||
Mayors
The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Rødøy:[36]
- 1838-1840: Carl T. Schmidt
- 1840-1842: Jakob Andersen
- 1842-1844: Hans Krey Hansen
- 1844-1848: Ole S. Jæger
- 1848-1850: Knud T. Hoff
- 1850-1852: Petter Nielsen
- 1852-1856: Caspar Hansen
- 1856-1860: Sophus F. Søeberg
- 1860-1861: Anton Andersen
- 1861-1865: Børge Motzfeldt
- 1865-1867: Andreas Olsen
- 1867-1871: Hans M. Jæger
- 1871-1875: Børge Motzfeldt
- 1875-1876: Jakob Gjertsen
- 1877-1878: Anders Larsen Hoff
- 1879-1880: Jakob Gjertsen
- 1881-1888: Hans M. Jæger
- 1889-1896: Simon Dahl
- 1897-1898: Lars Larsen Hoff
- 1899-1907: Rafael Røsok
- 1908-1922: Jørgen A. Selsø
- 1923-1925: Wilhelm Hoff
- 1926-1934: Peter B. Andersen
- 1935-1940: Toralf Heen
- 1943-1944: Arnulf Hansen (NS)
- 1945-1947: Toralf Heen
- 1948-1951: Sigurd M. Carson (Ap)
- 1952-1959: Olav Hoff (KrF)
- 1960-1967: Sven Hansen (Sp)
- 1968-1971: Hans Aakre (KrF)
- 1972-1975: Sven Hansen (Sp)
- 1976-1979: Hans Aakre (KrF)
- 1980-1981: Magne Hansen (H)
- 1982-1983: Sven Hansen (Sp)
- 1984-1985: Gustav Lorentzen (Ap)
- 1986-1989: Bernt Johan Arntsen (Ap)
- 1990-1991: Gustav Lorentzen (Ap)
- 1992-1995: Bernt Johan Arntsen (Ap)
- 1995-2003: Johan Anton Svartis (Sp)
- 2003-2019: Olav Terje Hoff (Sp)
- 2019–present: Inger Dagmar Monsen (Ap)
- Hans Olav Lahlum (born 1973) a Norwegian historian, crime author, chess player and politician; known for his unconventional style. He grew up in Rødøy, a small community that he says he did not find enjoyable.
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- Statistisk sentralbyrå. "09280: Area of land and fresh water (km²) (M)" (in Norwegian).
- Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
- Rygh, Oluf (1905). Norske gaardnavne: Nordlands amt (in Norwegian) (16 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 163.
- "Norsk Lovtidende. 2den Afdeling. 1908. Samling af Love, Resolutioner m.m". Norsk Lovtidend (in Norwegian). Kristiania, Norge: Grøndahl og Søns Boktrykkeri: 24. 1908.
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- "Godkjenning av våpen og flagg". Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 12 February 1988. Retrieved 4 February 2023.
- "Kommunevåpenet". Rødøy kommune. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
- "Første frostnatt". 25 September 2013.
- "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Myken". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
- Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
- "Kommunestyrevalg 2023 - Nordland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2019 - Nordland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
- "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Nordland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- Marthinsen, Roger (1 November 2019). "Inger er Rødøys 39. ordfører – og den første kvinnen på ordførerkontoret". Rana No (in Norwegian). Retrieved 4 February 2023.
- Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway (in Norwegian)
Nordland travel guide from Wikivoyage
