Sabine was a daughter of Duke Christopher of Württemberg (1515–1568) from his marriage to Anna Maria (1526–1589), daughter of Margrave George of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach.
She married on 11 February 1566 in Marburg Landgrave William IV of Hesse-Kassel, whose younger brother Louis IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Marburg was already married with Sabine's older sister Hedwig and whom she had met when William negotiated Louis's marriage with her father. Their wedding was celebrated very lavishly.
The countess looked after the welfare of the country and founded the Free Court Pharmacy in Kassel, which served not only to supply the court but also the entire population of Kassel.
Sabine and Wilhelm's marriage has been described as a happy one. Wilhelm determined in his first will that, in the event of his premature death, Sabine would act as regent of the country for her eldest son Maurice. She died, however, in 1581, before her husband and in a new testament, he declared his son Maurice to have reached majority.
Sabine died in 1581 and was buried in the Martinskirche, Kassel.
