Sahifah_Hammam_ibn_Munabbih

<i>Sahifat Hammam ibn Munabbih</i>

Sahifat Hammam ibn Munabbih

One of the earliest hadith collections

Ṣaḥīfat Hammām ibn Munabbih (Arabic: صحيفة همام بن منبه), lit. 'The Book of Hammam ibn Munabbih', is a hadith collection compiled by the Yemeni Islamic scholar Hammam ibn Munabbih (d. 101 AH / 719 CE or 130 AH / 748 CE). It is sometimes quoted as one of the earliest surviving works of its kind.[1][2]

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The Sahifat exists in three somewhat variant recensions, one of which is in Ahmad ibn Hanbal's Musnad.[3]

Discovery and publication

Reputedly the oldest surviving collection of hadith, it exists in various manuscript collections and printed versions are widely available.[4][5] The original manuscript for the text has been lost, but the text survives through secondary copies of it.[6] It was first discovered and published in the 20th century by Muhammad Hamidullah.[7][8] This publication was a collation of two manuscript copies of Sahifa Hammam bin Munabbih, one found in a library in Damascus and the other in a library in Berlin.[5] The collection contains 138 hadith[5] all of which have a chain of narrators (isnad) recorded as The Prophet → Abū Hurayrah → Hammām → Ma‘mar → ‘Abd al-Razzāq.[9]

Sources

Hammam bin Munabbih was a disciple of Abu Hurairah from whom he relates the narrations comprising the sahifah, noting "this is what Abū Ḥurayra told us, on the authority of Muhammad the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him".[10]

One issue in the study of Hammam's sources is the plausibility of the age at which Hammam could have transferred his traditions from Abu Hurairah. It is typically accepted that Hammam's death date of 749/750 is more plausible than that of 719, in which case Hammam's death date is 73 years after that of Abu Hurairah. In this scenario, Hammam may have had to learn his narrations at the age of fifteen from Abu Hurairah when the latter was at a considerably advanced age.[11]

Authorship

Although Hadith scholars and many Western scholars agree with its attribution to Ibn Munabbih,[12] G.H.A. Juynboll argues that the Sahifat was concocted by 'Abd ar-Razzaq (d. 211/827), who is the common link of all versions of the text and who, along with Ma'mar ibn Rashid (d. 153/770), appears before Hammām in the isnad.[13][14]

Literature

R. Marston Speight has studied the variation in the wording between equivalent hadith found across the collections in the Sahifat, that of the Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, as well as Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim.[15]

Editions

  • Ṣaḥı̄fat Hammām ibn Munabbih. 1st ed., edited by Rifʿat Fawzı̄ ʿAbd al‐Muṭṭalib. Cairo: Maktabat al‐Khānjı̄. (1985) [16]
  • Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih : the earliest extant work on the Hadith Muhammad Hamidullah tr. Muhammad Rahimuddin, Centre culturel islamique (Paris, France); 1979 [17]

See also

Arabic Wikisource has original text related to this article:

References

  1. [1]
    G. H. A. Juynboll, Encyclopedia of canonical ḥadīth, Leiden 2007, 29.
  2. [2]
    Bennet, Clinton. The Bloomsbury Companion to Islamic Studies. p. 92. Scholars disagree on the date of Hammam b. Munabbih's death. Muhammed Hamidullah, who first discovered and published the Sahifa gives the year as 101 AH/719 CE. Beeston and Dickinson follow Hamidullah in this, while Jonathan Brown gives it as 130 AH/748 CE.
  3. [3]
    Cook, Michael (1997). "The Opponents of the Writing of Tradition in Early Islam". Arabica. 44 (4): 470. ISSN 0570-5398.
  4. [4]
    Juynboll, G. H. A. (2007). Encyclopedia of canonical ḥadīth. Leiden. p. 29. generally considered in the Islamic world as possibly the oldest surviving book of Prophetic traditions preserved in collective volumes in various Oriental manuscript libraries and subsequently several times edited. A few editions are at the moment available everywhere in print.
  5. [5]
    R. Marston Speight, ‘A Look at Variant Readings in the Hadith’, Der Islam, 2000, 77, 169
  6. [6]
    Beeston, A.F.L. Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period. The original suhuf of this age unfortunately have been lost, although a few secondary copes survived. An example is the sahifah of Hammam ibn Munabbih ...
  7. [7]
    Hamidullah, Muhammad (1979). Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih : the earliest extant work on the Hadith. Paris. pp. 88–97.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  8. [8]
    Bennet, Clinton. The Bloomsbury Companion to Islamic Studies. p. 92. Scholars disagree on the date of Hammam b. Munabbih's death. Muhammed Hamidullah, who first discovered and published the Sahifa...
  9. [9]
    Juynboll, G. H. A. (2007). Encyclopedia of canonical ḥadīth. Leiden. p. 29.
  10. [10]
    Musa, Aisha Y. (2012). "Ḥadīth Studies". In Bennett, Clinton (ed.). The Bloomsbury companion to islamic studies. Bloomsbury companions. London: Bloomsbury. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-4411-2788-4.
  11. [11]
    Motzki, Harald (2009). "Review of: G.H.A. JUYBOLL, Encyclopedia of canonical ḥadīth". Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam. 36: 547.
  12. [12]
    G. H. A. Juynboll, Encyclopedia of canonical ḥadīth, Leiden 2007, 29.
  13. [13]
    Juynboll, Gautier H.A. (2007). Encyclopedia of Canonical Ḥadīth. Brill. pp. 29–30.
  14. [14]
    Motzki, Harald; Motzki, Harald (2002). The origins of Islamic jurisprudence: Meccan fiqh before the classical schools. Islamic history and civilization. Leiden Boston Köln: Brill. pp. 37–38. ISBN 978-90-04-12131-7.
  15. [15]
    Speight, R. Marston (2000). "A Look at Variant Readings in the ḥadīth". Der Islam. 77 (1): 169–179. doi:10.1515/islm.2000.77.1.169. ISSN 1613-0928.
  16. [16]
    The Wiley Blackwell Concise Companion to the Hadith. p. 362.
  17. [17]
    Sahifah Hammam ibn Munabbih.
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