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From top to bottom, left to right: view from the Cité du Design, in the centre the Cité des Affaires and the One Station buildings, below the Musée de la Mine, the Place Jean Jaurès garden and the Place du Peuple.
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1km2 (0.386sqmi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
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Saint-Étienne is the thirteenth most populated commune in France and the second most populated commune in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Its metropolis (métropole), Saint-Étienne Métropole, is the second most populous regional metropolis after Lyon. The commune is also at the heart of a vast metropolitan area with 406,868 inhabitants (2020),[5] the eighteenth largest in France by population, comprising 105 communes.[6] Its inhabitants are known as Stéphanois (masculine) and Stéphanoises (feminine).
Long known as the French city of the "weapon, cycle and ribbon" and a major coal mining centre, Saint-Étienne is currently engaged in a vast urban renewal program aimed at leading the transition from the industrial city inherited from the 19th century to the "design capital" of the 21st century. This approach was recognised with the entry of Saint-Étienne into the UNESCO Creative Cities network in 2010. The city is currently undergoing renewal, with the installation of the Châteaucreux business district, the ‘Steel’ retail complex and the manufacturing creative district.
The city is known for its football club AS Saint-Étienne, which has won the Ligue 1 title ten times.
This section does not cite any sources. (August 2012)
Named after Saint Stephen, the city first appears in the historical record in the Middle Ages as Saint-Étienne de Furan (after the River Furan, a tributary of the Loire). In the 13th century, it was a small borough around the church dedicated to Saint Stephen. On the upper reaches of the Furan, near the Way of St. James, the Abbey of Valbenoîte had been founded by the Cistercians in 1222. In the late 15th century, it was a fortified village defended by walls built around the original nucleus.
From the 16th century, Saint-Étienne developed an arms manufacturing industry and became a market town. It was this which accounted for the town's importance, although it also became a centre for the manufacture of ribbons and passementerie starting in the 17th century.
Later, it became a mining centre of the Loire coal mining basin, and more recently,[when?] has become known for its bicycle industry.
In the first half of the 19th century, it was only a chief town of an arrondissement in the département of the Loire, with a population of 33,064 in 1832. The concentration of industry prompted these numbers to rise rapidly to 110,000 by about 1880. It was this growing importance of Saint-Étienne that led to its being made seat of the prefecture and the departmental administration on 25 July 1855, when it became the chief town in the département and seat of the prefect, replacing Montbrison, which was reduced to the status of chief town of an arrondissement. Saint-Étienne absorbed the commune of Valbenoîte and several other neighbouring localities on 31 March 1855.
Demographics
The population data in the table and graph below refer to the commune of Saint-Étienne proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of Saint-Étienne absorbed the former communes of Beaubrun, Montaud, Outre-Furent and Valbenoîte in 1855, ceded Planfoy in 1863, merged with the exclave Saint-Victor-sur-Loire and with Terrenoire in 1969 and Rochetaillée in 1973.[7]
More information Year, Pop. ...
Historical population
Year
Pop.
±% p.a.
1793
25,000
—
1800
16,259
−5.96%
1806
18,035
+1.74%
1821
19,102
+0.38%
1831
33,064
+5.64%
1836
41,534
+4.67%
1841
48,554
+3.17%
1846
49,614
+0.43%
1851
56,003
+2.45%
1856
94,432
+11.01%
1861
92,250
−0.47%
1866
96,620
+0.93%
1872
110,814
+2.31%
1876
126,019
+3.27%
1881
123,813
−0.35%
1886
117,875
−0.98%
1891
133,443
+2.51%
1896
136,030
+0.38%
Year
Pop.
±% p.a.
1901
146,559
+1.50%
1906
146,788
+0.03%
1911
148,656
+0.25%
1921
167,967
+1.23%
1926
193,737
+2.90%
1931
191,088
−0.27%
1936
190,236
−0.09%
1946
177,966
−0.66%
1954
181,730
+0.26%
1962
210,311
+1.84%
1968
223,223
+1.00%
1975
220,181
−0.20%
1982
204,955
−1.02%
1990
199,396
−0.34%
1999
180,210
−1.12%
2007
175,318
−0.34%
2012
171,483
−0.44%
2017
172,565
+0.13%
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Saint-Étienne became a popular stop for automobile travelers in the early 20th century.
In 1998, Saint-Étienne set up a design biennale, the largest of its kind in France.[9] It lasts around two weeks. A landmark in the history of the importance ascribed to design in Saint-Étienne was the inauguration of La Cité du design on the site of the former arms factory in 2009.
Saint Etienne has 38 Monuments historiques, 6 buildings labeled Architecture contemporaine remarquable (Remarkable Contemporary Architecture), 2 sites classés (Classified sites) and 5 sites patrimoniaux remarquables (Remarkable heritage sites).[11]
Climate
The climate is temperate at the weather station due to its low altitude, but Saint-Étienne itself is much higher, above 530 m (1,739 ft) in the centre, as well as even above 700 m (2,297 ft) in the southern parts of the city. Saint-Étienne is very close from a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb); it is generally one of the snowiest cities in France, with an average of 85 cm (2.79 ft) of snow accumulation per year.
More information Climate data for (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1946–present), Alt: 400 m / 1312 ft, Month ...
Stade Geoffroy-Guichard, home of the AS Saint-Étienne football club
The city's football club AS Saint-Étienne has won the Ligue 1 title a joint-record ten times, achieving most of their success in the 1970s.[14] The British indie-dance band Saint Etienne named themselves after the club.
This section does not cite any sources. (May 2020)
Tramway, bus and bicycles run by STAS (Société de Transports de l'Agglomération Stéphanoise)
The nearest airport is Saint-Étienne–Bouthéon Airport which is located in Andrézieux-Bouthéon, 12km (7.46mi) north-northwest of Saint-Étienne. The main railway station is Saint-Étienne-Châteaucreux station, which offers high-speed services to Paris and Lyon (Saint-Étienne–Lyon railway), as well as connects to several regional lines. There are four other railway stations in Saint-Étienne (Bellevue, Carnot, La Terrasse and Le Clapier) with local services.[15]
Saint-Étienne is also notable for its tramway (Saint-Étienne tramway) – which uniquely with Lille, it kept throughout the 20th century – and its trolleybus system (Saint-Étienne trolleybus system) – which is one of only three such systems currently operating in France.
This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Saint-Étienne, and is written by contributors.
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