Skopje-Veles_dialect

Skopje-Veles dialect

Skopje-Veles dialect

Dialect of Macedonian


The Skopje-Veles dialect (Macedonian: Скопско-велешки дијалект, Skopsko-veleški dijalekt) is a member of the central subgroup of the Western group of dialects of Macedonian. The dialect is spoken by a larger group of people in the cities Skopje and Veles and in the surrounding villages: Volkovo, Katlanovo, Petrovec and Čaška among others. This dialect is of historical importance for Macedonian because it is considered by many to be a prestige dialect.[citation needed] On August 2, 1945, the Skopje-Veles dialect, together with the other dialects of the central group was officially regulated as a basis of standard Macedonian. Many Macedonian writers and linguists were writing on this dialect and considered it to be standard Macedonian.[citation needed] One of them was Krste Petkov Misirkov and in his book For Macedonian affairs wrote that this dialect should be standard Macedonian. He has been writing on Skopje-Veles dialect and on Prilep-Bitola dialect.[1]

The location of the Skopje-Veles dialect among the others Macedonian dialects

Internal migration to the capital Skopje in the 1950s and 1960s led to the development of a new, urban slang where newly arrived people attempted to incorporate elements of the Skopje-Veles dialect into their own speech, often confusing local elements with those from Serbo-Croatian. Language contact with Serbo-Croatian, then a more prestigious language in SFR Yugoslavia, also reached its height during this period. This variety has been described as a "creolized form of Serbian"[2] (cf. also Surzhyk in Ukraine, Trasianka in Belarus) and is distinct from the 'authentic' Skopje-Veles dialect.

Phonological characteristics

  • use of /v/ instead of the archaic /x/: страх (strah) > страв (strav; 'fear');
  • emphasis mostly on the antepenultimate syllable in Veles, and less in Skopje;
  • use of the hard (palatal) l;
  • use of intervocal /v/: човек (čovek; 'man');
  • use of the hard sound њ (nj) (in the other dialects of the central group this sound is soft);
  • use of the letter ќ and ѓ (in the others dialects of the central group the cluster јќ and јѓ is found): куќа (kuḱa) – кујќа (kujḱa; 'house').

Morphological characteristics

  • use of the preposition во (vo) or в (v);
  • use of the grammatical construction have + past participle: имам работено (imam raboteno; 'I have worked');
  • use of three articles.

Examples of the Skopje-Veles dialect

The poem "A voice from Macedonia" by Kole Nedelkovski is probably one of the most famous texts written in the Skopje-Veles dialect.

Skopje dialect

И кога о́тишол та́му, прет ку́ќата и́мало еднаја́бука. И сека́чил на ја́буката. Ииско́чило ла́мн’ичето и ви́ка: „И, ма́мо, ка́коф сра́шен ју́нак има на ја́буката“. „Ка́ко гија́де, ќе́рко, ја́буките, а́ли сосвели́стот, а́ли ѓио́дбира“? „Неѓио́дбира, не́“. „Е, нее сра́шен зана́с, ви́книгова́му“. Коагови́кнале та́му, ио́на ту́рила сла́ма даза́пали о́ѓин дамуна́прави ве́чера, и муви́ка: „Наве́днисеју́наче“. Он сена́веднал ио́на гога́лтнала. Ии́сто исофто́ријот бра́т та́ка. И ќе́лчо че́кал, че́кал, бра́ќава ѓине́ма. Ќи́нисал даи́де и о́н. Игосре́тнал симиџи́јата и муви́ка: „Ка́де, бреќе́лчо“? „Уто́ва се́ло и́ма еднала́мн’а, ќи́дам дајауте́пам...[3]

Veles dialect

Еден та́тко сии́мал тро́јца си́нови. Сино́вите ре́кле: „Та́тко, ве́днага са́каме данеже́ниш“. Он имре́кол: „Зе́мете пое́дно ста́пче, фрлете одри́дот, и нако́ја ку́ќа ќевипа́дне, отту́ка не́веста ќезе́мете“. Фрли ста́риот, уа́рна ку́ќа мусепо́годи; фрли среѓниот, ине́му та́ка, анама́лиот мо́ре. Два́јцата бра́ќа би́ле сре́ќни, аво́ј на́јмалиов не́среќен. Се́днал накра́ј намо́рето имука́жује наго́спода: „Го́споди, што́ ќезе́мам одмо́ре, цел све́т дамисесме́е“. Бра́ќата сигизе́доја неве́стите исе́а ќео́дат дави́дат шо ќезе́ме ма́лиот. Оти́доа домо́ре игипу́штија чинѓе́лите засони́м не́што даизма́кнат. Во мо́рето и́мало еднама́јка иќе́рка. Ма́јката сијаче́шла ќе́рката и муви́ка насвато́вите: „Кре́нетесиги чинѓе́лите, несместа́сани“...[3]


References

  1. Koneski, Blaže (Блаже Конески) (1967). Gramatika na makedonskiot literaturen jazik Граматика на македонскиот литературен јазик (in Macedonian). Skopje: Kultura. pp. 68–69.
  2. Kortmann, Bernd; Auwera, Johan van der, eds. (2011). The Languages and Linguistics of Europe: A Comprehensive Guide. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 420. ISBN 978-3110220261.
  3. Bojkovska, Stojka (Стојка Бојковска); Minova-Ǵurkova, Liljana (Лилјана Минова – Ѓуркова); Pandev, Dimitar (Димитар Пандев); Cvetkovski, Živko (Живко Цветковски) (2008). Dimitrova, Savetka (Саветка Димитрова) (ed.). Opšta gramatika na makedonskiot jazik Општа граматика на македонскиот јазик (in Macedonian). Skopje: AD Prosvetno delo. pp. 436–437. OCLC 888018507.

See also


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