Smithfield is a town that is located in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. It includes the historic villages of Esmond, Georgiaville, Mountaindale, Hanton City, Stillwater and Greenville. The population was 22,118 at the 2020 census. Smithfield is the home of Bryant University, a private four year college.

The area comprising modern-day Smithfield was first settled in 1663 as a farming community by several British colonists, including John Steere.^[3] The area was originally within the boundaries of Providence until 1731 when Smithfield was incorporated as a separate town. The town was named after John Smith, a first settler of Providence, according to the town's official website.^[4]

Chief Justice Peleg Arnold lived in early Smithfield, and his 1690 home still stands today. There was an active Quaker community in early 18th century Smithfield that extended along the Great Road, from what is today Woonsocket, north into south Uxbridge, Massachusetts. This Quaker community, and its members, became influential in the abolition movement, with members such as Effingham Capron and Abby Kelley Foster, and also gave rise to other Quaker settlements including one at Adams, Massachusetts, where Susan B. Anthony was born as an early member. Elizabeth Buffum Chace is a well-known person from Smithfield who was influential in both the abolition of slavery, and the women's rights movement.

Captain James Buxton, a Revolutionary War figure, served with a Massachusetts regiment at Valley Forge, was promoted to the rank of Captain, and later granted Massachusetts land for his war service by Governor John Hancock.^[5]

During the Industrial Revolution, Smithfield transformed from an agrarian community to a manufacturing center, with several textiles mills being founded along the Woonasquatucket River by the mid-1800s.

In 1871, the towns of North Smithfield, Lincoln, and Central Falls became separate municipalities. The colonial ghost town of Hanton City is located within the boundaries of present-day Smithfield, but was a completely separate community in the eighteenth century.

In 1943, a U.S. Army Air Corps Lockheed RB-34 crashed on Wolf Hill, killing all three servicemen aboard.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 71.9 km² (27.8 mi²), of which 68.9 km² (26.6 mi²) of is land and 3.1 km² (1.2 mi²) of is water. The total area is 4.25% water.

As of the 2020 United States Census, Smithfield has 22,118 residents with a median age of 43.7 years and 15.4% of the population under the age of 18. The racial makeup as of 2020 was 84.7% White, 1.2% African Americans, 0.2% Native American, 7.5% Asian, 1.8% from other races and 4.3% of two or more races. Hispanic and Latino of any race made up 3.7% of the population.^[7] The median household income is $85,337 and 3.4% of the population live below the poverty line.^[8]

Smithfield contains three public elementary schools (Pleasant View, Raymond LaPerche, and Old County Road School), a middle school (Vincent J. Gallagher Middle School) and a public high school, Smithfield High School which was ranked 17th out of 52 high schools in Rhode Island in 2006.^[9] St. Phillip's School, a private Roman Catholic academy offering education in grades K–8, is situated in Greenville.^[10] Mater Ecclesiae College, a Catholic college, was also located in the town in a facility that was formerly the St. Aloysius Orphanage until the college closed in 2015.^[11][12] Partnered with Saint Raphael Academy^[13] in Pawtucket, the private Catholic boarding school Overbrook Academy^[14] currently resides those same facilities for middle school, high school, and summer camp programs.

• Cyrus Aldrich (1808–1871), born in Smithfield, United States Congressman from Minnesota^[17]
• Peleg Arnold (1751–1820), delegate to the Continental Congress^[18]
• Sullivan Ballou (1829–1861), Civil War Officer and author of the Sullivan Ballou Letter^[19]
• Emeline S. Burlingame (1836–1923), editor and evangelist
• Adin B. Capron (1841–1911), United States Congressman^[20]
• Elizabeth Buffum Chace (1806–1899), activist in the Anti-Slavery, Women's Rights, and Prison Reform Movements of the mid to late 19th century^[21]
• Edward Harris, (1801–1872), manufacturer, philanthropist, and abolitionist
• Ronald K. Machtley (born 1948), United States Congressman,^[22] President of Bryant University (1996–2020)^[23]
• Daniel Mowry Jr. (1729–1806), delegate to the Continental Congress^[24]
• James W. Nuttall (born 1953), United States Army Major General, deputy director of the Army National Guard and Deputy Commander of the First Army^[25]
• Gina Raimondo (born 1971), United States Secretary of Commerce (2021–),^[26] 75th Governor of Rhode Island^[27] (2015–2021)
• Danny Smith (writer) (born 1959), producer, writer, and voice actor
• William Stillman Stanley Jr., politician^[28]
• Arthur Steere (1865–1943), politician, businessman^[29]
• Alexander Warner (1827–1914), businessman and politician
• David Wilkinson (1771–1852), co-builder of Slater Mill^[30]
• William Winsor, education philanthropist, namesake of the William Winsor School

• Stepanakert, Artsakh (2023)^[31]

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