Capital punishment

Joe Biden is the first U.S. president to openly oppose the death penalty.^[1]

Gun policy

President Biden promised to introduce a stiffer gun-control policy, while Vice President Kamala Harris has a history of implementing tough-on-guns measures during her time as attorney general of California.^[2][3]

Due to fears of the Biden administration in tandem with the Democratic Party controlling Congress to enact sweeping gun reform legislation, gun owners across the country reported a big increase in sales in the two weeks preceding Biden's inauguration, as firearm sellers in states such as California, Virginia, Tennessee, Montana, and Florida saw lines stretching out the doors of some stores.^[3]

Biden signed the Bipartisan Safer Communities Act, a major piece of gun control legislation, into law on June 25, 2022.^[4]

Travel ban

Biden was a vocal opponent of Trump's controversial travel ban, which had set immigration restrictions on predominantly Muslim countries, and then with proclamations predominantly African countries. On his first day as president, Biden passed Presidential Proclamation 10141, which revoked Executive Order 13780 and Presidential Proclamations 9645, 9723, and 9983, which mandated the travel ban.^[5]

Illegal drugs

Pursuant to regulations (34 CFR 86) required by the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act Amendments of 1989 (codified at 20 U.S.C. § 1011i), as a condition of receiving funds or any other form of financial assistance under any Federal program, an institution of higher education must certify that it has adopted and implemented a drug prevention program which adheres to regulations in 34 CFR 86.100. It has recently gained renewed attention due to Colorado Amendment 64. ^{[citation needed]}

Medical marijuana

President Biden stated in February 2021 that his administration will pursue cannabis decriminalization, as well as seek expungements for people with prior cannabis convictions. As of January 2021, although Biden had stood for decriminalization and descheduling during his campaign, the administration had not formulated an explicit policy on cannabis. Some political and cannabis industry observers like the editor of Leafly thought the administration would be likely to assist in carrying out his campaign promises on cannabis through the MORE Act, sponsored by then-Senator Kamala Harris, or through executive order. Failing full legalization, he could improve banking access by supporting the SAFE Act.^{[citation needed]}

African Americans

Biden passed Executive Order 13985, which advances racial equity and support for under-served communities through the federal government. It revoked Executive Order 13958, passed by Trump, which had established the controversial 1776 commission to counter critical race theory pushed by the 1619 project.^[19]

He signed the Juneteenth National Independence Day Act, which established Juneteenth as a federal holiday. He also signed the Emmett Till Antilynching Act, which criminalizes lynching as a hate crime under federal law.

White supremacy

The 2021 United States Capitol attack and its aftermath highlighted the rise of domestic violent extremism (DVE), along with white supremacy, as a national security threat.^[20][21] The Biden administration stated in a press briefing that they were committed to developing policies and strategies based on objective and rigorous analysis with respect for constitutionally protected free speech and political activities.^[21] The Biden administration requested the ODNI, along with the FBI and DHS, to perform a comprehensive threat assessment drawing from governmental and non-governmental organizations, law enforcement, and intelligence officials.^[21][22][23] The administration also ordered the building of an NSC capability, to focus on countering DVE, and a policy review effort to determine how the government can "share information better about this threat, support efforts to prevent radicalization, disrupt violent extremist networks, and more".^[21][24] Biden also ordered the coordinating of government agencies to enhance and accelerate efforts to address DVE, such as an NSC-convened process to focus on "addressing evolving threats, radicalization, the role of social media, opportunities to improve information sharing, operational responses, and more".^[21][25][26]

Roe v. Wade

The Biden administration supports codifying the right to an abortion via passage of the Women's Health Protection Act, and opposed the judgement of the U.S. Supreme Court in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, which reversed Roe v. Wade, a decision that gave federal protection of abortion rights. The administration is also committed to eliminate maternal and infant health disparities, increase access to contraception, and support families economically.^[27]

Biden issued Executive Order 14076, titled "Protecting Access to Reproductive Healthcare Services"^[28] following the Dobbs decision. This executive order directs the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to expand and make accessible multiple forms of contraception, such as medication abortion, emergency contraception, and long-term contraception. Other components of the order include public outreach, a reproductive healthcare task force, and clarification of the responsibilities and protections of physicians through the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act. ^[29]

President Biden signed the executive order "Securing Access to Reproductive and Other Healthcare Services" on August 3, 2022, due to restrictions on abortions at the state level following Dobbs. Biden's executive order expands access to reproductive health services through Medicaid funds for patients crossing state lines. It also emphasizes non-discrimination laws and attempts to ensure that people are not denied reproductive health care. ^[30]

Mexico City policy

On January 28, 2021, President Biden issued an executive order that rescinds the "global gag" rule, best known as the "Mexico City policy", which bans US government funding for non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that perform abortions or support the right of women to terminate a pregnancy.^[31]

Title X

On October 5, 2021, the Biden administration announced a reversal of a Trump-era rule that banned providers who offered abortions or referred patients for abortions from receiving Title X funding.^[32] The administration said that the move is intended to increase the quality of family care that was decreased under this rule.

State-level abortion laws

Following the 2022 elections, the Biden administration praised the passage of pro-abortion referendums such as Michigan Proposal 3 and the rejection of anti-abortion referendums such as the Kansas Value Them Both Amendment.^[33]

The Biden administration has denounced state-level abortion bans in states such as Indiana,^[34] and unsuccessfully litigated one of Texas' abortion bans in United States v. Texas.