Spotsylvania_Court_House_Union_order_of_battle

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House order of battle: Union

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The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House (May 8–21, 1864) of the American Civil War. The Confederate order of battle is listed separately. Order of battle compiled from the casualty returns^[1] and the reports.^[2]^[3]

Notes

[1]
Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 136–153
[2]
Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 1162–1168
[3]
Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the battle or the campaign.
[4]
The IX Corps was under the direct orders of Lieutenant General Grant until May 24, 1864, when it was assigned to the Army of the Potomac. (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 169)
[5]
Assumed command May 12, 1864
[6]
Disabled by sickness May 8, 1864
[7]
Assumed command May 13, 1864
[8]
Commanded the division May 10–12, 1864; disabled by sickness May 14, 1864
[9]
Injured May 11, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)
[10]
1st and 2nd Companies Michigan Sharpshooters attached
[11]
Disabled from command May 11, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)
[12]
Left army May 13, 1864
[13]
9th and 10th Companies Ohio Sharpshooters attached
[14]
In reserve guarding trains
[15]
Not engaged; ordered to Washington May 16, 1864
[16]
Discontinued as an unattached command and assigned to the First Division May 12, 1864
[17]
Joined army May 15, 1864
[18]
57th New York was on provost duty at Fredericksburg
[19]
Relieved for drunkenness on May 10, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)
[20]
Assigned May 10, 1864; captured May 12, 1864
[21]
Detachment 7th New York attached
[22]
Relieved for drunkenness on May 12, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)
[23]
Assigned as the Third and Fourth Brigades of the Third Division May 13, Mott taking command of the former and Brewster of the latter brigade (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 2, pages 709 and 711)
[24]
2nd Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters attached
[25]
Brady's Company Michigan Sharpshooters attached
[26]
Robinson was wounded on May 8, 1864. On May 9, 1864 the division was temporarily disbanded, the First Brigade being attached to the Fourth Division, and the Second to the Third Division; the Third Brigade served as an independent command under direct orders of the corps commander. This arrangement continued till May 30, 1864.
[27]
Joined May 16, 1864
[28]
Coulter assumed command of the division and Bates of the brigade May 8, 1864. The former returned to the brigade May 9, 1864
[29]
Left army May 15, 1864
[30]
Provost guard of division from May 11, 1864
[31]
Joined May 14, 1864
[32]
Assumed command May 14, 1864
[33]
Cavalry Corps absent on expedition toward Richmond from May 9, 1864
[34]
Detached from Cavalry Corps and left at Spotsylvania Court House during Richmond Raid. (see: Gordon C. Rhea, To The North Anna River: Grant and Lee May 13–25, 1864, The Order of Battle)
[35]
Chief of Artillery to the whole Army
[36]
1st Brigade Horse Artillery detached with Cavalry Corps; 2nd Brigade Horse Artillery attached to the Artillery Reserve (see: Hunt's report)
[37]
Disbanded and distributed among the infantry corps May 16, 1864
[38]
Transferred to V Corps on May 13, 1864
[39]
Assigned to command Third Brigade, Second Division, May 17, 1864
[40]
Joined May 19, 1864
[41]
Joined May 17, 1864
[42]
Assigned May 18, 1864
[43]
Joined May 18 and 19, 1864
[44]
Transferred from Artillery Reserve May 16, 1864
[45]
Assumed command May 18, 1864
[46]
Relieved May 21, 1864
[47]
Left army May 21, 1864 (see: New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center - 84th Infantry Regiment)
[48]
Sent to Washington D.C. May 19, 1864
[49]
Joined May 21, 1864 (see: Upton's report; Gordon C. Rhea, To The North Anna River: Grant and Lee May 13–25, 1864, The Order of Battle)
[50]
Rejoined the army on May 16, 1864, and assumed command of all the cavalry (see: Torbert's report; Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 2, pages 851-852; Gordon C. Rhea, To The North Anna River: Grant and Lee May 13–25, 1864, page 192)
[51]
1st Brigade Horse Artillery detached with Cavalry Corps; 2nd Brigade Horse Artillery stayed with the Army in Reserve (see: Hunt's report)
[52]
Attached to Torbert's Command (see: Gordon C. Rhea, To The North Anna River: Grant and Lee May 13–25, 1864, page 192)

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[1] [1]
Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 136–153

[2] [2]
Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 1162–1168

[3] [3]
Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the battle or the campaign.

[IXCorps-4] [4]
The IX Corps was under the direct orders of Lieutenant General Grant until May 24, 1864, when it was assigned to the Army of the Potomac. (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 169)

[Assumed_command_May_12,_1864-5] [5]
Assumed command May 12, 1864

[6] [6]
Disabled by sickness May 8, 1864

[7] [7]
Assumed command May 13, 1864

[8] [8]
Commanded the division May 10–12, 1864; disabled by sickness May 14, 1864

[9] [9]
Injured May 11, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)

[MichiganSharpshooters-10] [10]
1st and 2nd Companies Michigan Sharpshooters attached

[11] [11]
Disabled from command May 11, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)

[12] [12]
Left army May 13, 1864

[OhioSharpshooters-13] [13]
9th and 10th Companies Ohio Sharpshooters attached

[trainguard-14] [14]
In reserve guarding trains

[15] [15]
Not engaged; ordered to Washington May 16, 1864

[16] [16]
Discontinued as an unattached command and assigned to the First Division May 12, 1864

[17] [17]
Joined army May 15, 1864

[57thNewYork-18] [18]
57th New York was on provost duty at Fredericksburg

[19] [19]
Relieved for drunkenness on May 10, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)

[20] [20]
Assigned May 10, 1864; captured May 12, 1864

[7thNewYork-21] [21]
Detachment 7th New York attached

[22] [22]
Relieved for drunkenness on May 12, 1864 (see: Gordon C. Rhea, The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern May 7–12, 1864, The Order of Battle)

[23] [23]
Assigned as the Third and Fourth Brigades of the Third Division May 13, Mott taking command of the former and Brewster of the latter brigade (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 2, pages 709 and 711)

[MassachusettsSharpshooters-24] [24]
2nd Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters attached

[BradySharpshooters-25] [25]
Brady's Company Michigan Sharpshooters attached

[26] [26]
Robinson was wounded on May 8, 1864. On May 9, 1864 the division was temporarily disbanded, the First Brigade being attached to the Fourth Division, and the Second to the Third Division; the Third Brigade served as an independent command under direct orders of the corps commander. This arrangement continued till May 30, 1864.

[27] [27]
Joined May 16, 1864

[28] [28]
Coulter assumed command of the division and Bates of the brigade May 8, 1864. The former returned to the brigade May 9, 1864

[29] [29]
Left army May 15, 1864

[30] [30]
Provost guard of division from May 11, 1864

[31] [31]
Joined May 14, 1864

[32] [32]
Assumed command May 14, 1864

[33] [33]
Cavalry Corps absent on expedition toward Richmond from May 9, 1864

[34] [34]
Detached from Cavalry Corps and left at Spotsylvania Court House during Richmond Raid. (see: Gordon C. Rhea, To The North Anna River: Grant and Lee May 13–25, 1864, The Order of Battle)

[ChiefofArtillery-35] [35]
Chief of Artillery to the whole Army

[36] [36]
1st Brigade Horse Artillery detached with Cavalry Corps; 2nd Brigade Horse Artillery attached to the Artillery Reserve (see: Hunt's report)

[37] [37]
Disbanded and distributed among the infantry corps May 16, 1864

[38] [38]
Transferred to V Corps on May 13, 1864

[Smyth-39] [39]
Assigned to command Third Brigade, Second Division, May 17, 1864

[40] [40]
Joined May 19, 1864

[41] [41]
Joined May 17, 1864

[42] [42]
Assigned May 18, 1864

[43] [43]
Joined May 18 and 19, 1864

[ArtilleryReserve-44] [44]
Transferred from Artillery Reserve May 16, 1864

[45] [45]
Assumed command May 18, 1864

[46] [46]
Relieved May 21, 1864

[47] [47]
Left army May 21, 1864 (see: New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center - 84th Infantry Regiment)

[48] [48]
Sent to Washington D.C. May 19, 1864

[49] [49]
Joined May 21, 1864 (see: Upton's report; Gordon C. Rhea, To The North Anna River: Grant and Lee May 13–25, 1864, The Order of Battle)

[50] [50]
Rejoined the army on May 16, 1864, and assumed command of all the cavalry (see: Torbert's report; Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 2, pages 851-852; Gordon C. Rhea, To The North Anna River: Grant and Lee May 13–25, 1864, page 192)

[51] [51]
1st Brigade Horse Artillery detached with Cavalry Corps; 2nd Brigade Horse Artillery stayed with the Army in Reserve (see: Hunt's report)

[52] [52]
Attached to Torbert's Command (see: Gordon C. Rhea, To The North Anna River: Grant and Lee May 13–25, 1864, page 192)

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Division	Brigade	Regiments and Others
First Division BG Thomas G. Stevenson (k) Col Daniel Leasure MG Thomas L. Crittenden^[5]	1st Brigade Col Jacob P. Gould^[6] Ltc Stephen M. Weld, Jr. BG James Ledlie^[7]	35th Massachusetts 56th Massachusetts: Ltc Stephen M. Weld, Jr. 57th Massachusetts 59th Massachusetts 4th United States 10th United States
	2nd Brigade Col Daniel Leasure^[8] Ltc Gilbert P. Robinson	3rd Maryland: Ltc Gilbert P. Robinson 21st Massachusetts 100th Pennsylvania
	Artillery	Maine Light, 2nd Battery (B) Massachusetts Light, 14th Battery
Second Division BG Robert B. Potter	1st Brigade Col Zenas Bliss^[9] Col John I. Curtin	36th Massachusetts 58th Massachusetts 51st New York 45th Pennsylvania: Col John I. Curtin 48th Pennsylvania 7th Rhode Island
	2nd Brigade Col Simon G. Griffin	2nd Maryland (detachment) 31st Maine 32nd Maine 6th New Hampshire 9th New Hampshire 11th New Hampshire 17th Vermont
	Artillery	Massachusetts Light, 11th Battery New York Light, 19th Battery
Third Division BG Orlando B. Willcox	1st Brigade Col John F. Hartranft	2nd Michigan: Col William Humphrey 8th Michigan 17th Michigan 27th Michigan^[10] 109th New York 51st Pennsylvania
	2nd Brigade Col Benjamin C. Christ^[11] Col William Humphrey^[5]	1st Michigan Sharpshooters 20th Michigan 79th New York^[12] 60th Ohio^[13] 50th Pennsylvania
	Artillery	Maine Light, 7th Battery (G) New York Light, 34th Battery
Fourth Division^[14] BG Edward Ferrero	1st Brigade Col Joshua K. Sigfried	27th United States Colored Troops 30th United States Colored Troops 39th United States Colored Troops 43rd United States Colored Troops
	2nd Brigade Col Henry G. Thomas	30th Connecticut Colored (detachment) 19th United States Colored Troops 23rd United States Colored Troops
	Artillery	Pennsylvania Light, Battery D Vermont Light, 3rd Battery
Reporting directly	Provost Guard	8th United States
	Cavalry	3rd New Jersey 22nd New York 2nd Ohio 13th Pennsylvania
	Artillery Reserve^[15] Cpt John Edwards, Jr.	New York Light, 27th Battery 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery D 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery H 2nd United States, Battery E 3rd United States, Battery G 3rd United States, Batteries L and M
	Provisional Brigade^[16] Col Elisha G. Marshall	2nd New York Mounted Rifles (dismounted)^[17] 14th New York Heavy Artillery 24th New York Cavalry (dismounted) 2nd Pennsylvania Provisional Heavy Artillery

Division	Brigade	Regiments and Others
First Division BG Francis C. Barlow	1st Brigade Col Nelson A. Miles	26th Michigan 61st New York 81st Pennsylvania: Col H. Boyd McKeen 140th Pennsylvania 183rd Pennsylvania
	2nd Brigade Col Thomas A. Smyth	28th Massachusetts 63rd New York 69th New York 88th New York 116th Pennsylvania
	3rd Brigade^[18] Col Paul Frank^[19] Col Hiram L. Brown (c)^[20] Col Clinton D. MacDougall	39th New York 52nd New York^[21] 111th New York: Col Clinton D. MacDougall 125th New York 126th New York
	4th Brigade Col John R. Brooke	2nd Delaware 64th New York 66th New York 53rd Pennsylvania 145th Pennsylvania: Col Hiram L. Brown 148th Pennsylvania
Second Division BG John Gibbon	1st Brigade BG Alexander S. Webb (w) Col H. Boyd McKeen	19th Maine 15th Massachusetts 19th Massachusetts 20th Massachusetts 1st Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters 7th Michigan 42nd New York 59th New York 82nd New York (2nd Militia)
	2nd Brigade BG Joshua T. Owen	152nd New York 69th Pennsylvania 71st Pennsylvania 72nd Pennsylvania 106th Pennsylvania
	3rd Brigade Col Samuel S. Carroll (w) Col Theodore G. Ellis	14th Connecticut: Col Theodore G. Ellis 1st Delaware 14th Indiana 12th New Jersey 10th New York Battalion 108th New York 4th Ohio 8th Ohio 7th West Virginia
	Provost Guard	2nd Company Minnesota Sharpshooters
Third Division MG David B. Birney	1st Brigade BG J. H. Hobart Ward^[22] Col Thomas W. Egan	20th Indiana 3rd Maine 40th New York: Col Thomas W. Egan 86th New York 124th New York 99th Pennsylvania 110th Pennsylvania 141st Pennsylvania 2nd United States Sharpshooters
Third Division MG David B. Birney	2nd Brigade Col John S. Crocker	4th Maine 17th Maine 3rd Michigan 5th Michigan 93rd New York 57th Pennsylvania 63rd Pennsylvania: Col William S. Kirkwood (mw), Cpt James F. Ryan 105th Pennsylvania 1st United States Sharpshooters
Fourth Division^[23] BG Gershom Mott	1st Brigade Col Robert McAllister	1st Massachusetts 16th Massachusetts 5th New Jersey 6th New Jersey 7th New Jersey 8th New Jersey 11th New Jersey: Col Robert McAllister 26th Pennsylvania 115th Pennsylvania
Fourth Division^[23] BG Gershom Mott	2nd Brigade Col William R. Brewster	11th Massachusetts 70th New York 71st New York 72nd New York 73rd New York 74th New York 120th New York 84th Pennsylvania
	Artillery Brigade Col John C. Tidball	Maine Light, 6th Battery (F) Massachusetts Light, 10th Battery New Hampshire Light, 1st Battery 1st New York Light, Battery G 4th New York Heavy, 3rd Battalion 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery F 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery A 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery B 4th United States, Battery K 5th United States, Batteries C and I

Division	Brigade	Regiments and Others
First Division BG Charles Griffin	1st Brigade BG Romeyn B. Ayres	140th New York: Col George Ryan (k) 146th New York 91st Pennsylvania 155th Pennsylvania 2nd United States, Companies B, C, F, H, I, and K 11th United States, Companies B, C, D, E, F, and G, 1st Battalion 12th United States, Companies A, B, C, D, and G, 1st Battalion, and Companies A, C, D, F, and H, 2nd Battalion 14th United States, 1st Battalion 17th United States, Companies A, C, D, G, and H, 1st Battalion, and Companies A, B, and C, 2nd Battalion
	2nd Brigade Col Jacob B. Sweitzer	9th Massachusetts 22nd Massachusetts:^[24] Col William S. Tilton 32nd Massachusetts 4th Michigan 62nd Pennsylvania
	3rd Brigade BG Joseph J. Bartlett	20th Maine 18th Massachusetts 1st Michigan 16th Michigan^[25] 44th New York 83rd Pennsylvania 118th Pennsylvania
Second Division^[26] BG John C. Robinson (w) Col Richard Coulter	1st Brigade Col Peter Lyle	16th Maine 13th Massachusetts 39th Massachusetts 104th New York 90th Pennsylvania 107th Pennsylvania^[27]
	2nd Brigade Col Richard Coulter^[28] Col James L. Bates	12th Massachusetts: Col James L. Bates 83rd New York (9th Militia) 97th New York 11th Pennsylvania 88th Pennsylvania
	3rd Brigade Col Andrew W. Denison (w) Col Charles E. Phelps (c) Col Richard N. Bowerman	1st Maryland 4th Maryland: Col Richard N. Bowerman 7th Maryland: Col Charles E. Phelps 8th Maryland
Third Division BG Samuel W. Crawford	1st Brigade Col William McCandless (w) Col William C. Talley (c) Col Wellington H. Ent Col Samuel M. Jackson	1st Pennsylvania Reserves: Col William C. Talley 2nd Pennsylvania Reserves 6th Pennsylvania Reserves: Col Wellington H. Ent 7th Pennsylvania Reserves 11th Pennsylvania Reserves: Col Samuel M. Jackson 13th Pennsylvania Reserves (1st Rifles)
Third Division BG Samuel W. Crawford	3rd Brigade Col Joseph W. Fisher	5th Pennsylvania Reserves 8th Pennsylvania Reserves^[29] 10th Pennsylvania Reserves 12th Pennsylvania Reserves
Fourth Division BG Lysander Cutler	1st Brigade Col William W. Robinson	7th Indiana 19th Indiana 24th Michigan 1st New York Battalion Sharpshooters 2nd Wisconsin^[30] 6th Wisconsin 7th Wisconsin
	2nd Brigade BG James C. Rice (k) Col Edward B. Fowler	76th New York 84th New York (14th Militia): Col Edward B. Fowler 95th New York 147th New York 56th Pennsylvania
	3rd Brigade Col Edward S. Bragg	121st Pennsylvania 142nd Pennsylvania 143rd Pennsylvania 149th Pennsylvania 150th Pennsylvania
	Artillery Brigade Col Charles S. Wainwright	Massachusetts Light, Battery C Massachusetts Light, Battery E 1st New York Light, Battery D 1st New York Light, Batteries E and L 1st New York Light, Battery H 4th New York Heavy, 2nd Battalion 1st Pennsylvania Light, Battery B 4th United States, Battery B 5th United States, Battery D

Division	Brigade	Regiments and Others
First Division BG Horatio G. Wright BG David A. Russell	1st Brigade Col Henry W. Brown Col William H. Penrose	1st New Jersey 2nd New Jersey: Ltc Charles Wiebecke (k) 3rd New Jersey 4th New Jersey 10th New Jersey 15th New Jersey: Col William H. Penrose
	2nd Brigade Col Emory Upton (w)	5th Maine 121st New York 95th Pennsylvania Infantry 96th Pennsylvania
	3rd Brigade BG David A. Russell BG Henry L. Eustis	6th Maine 49th Pennsylvania 119th Pennsylvania 5th Wisconsin
	4th Brigade Col Nelson Cross	65th New York 67th New York 122nd New York 82nd Pennsylvania (detachment)
Second Division BG Thomas H. Neill	1st Brigade BG Frank Wheaton	62nd New York 93rd Pennsylvania 98th Pennsylvania 102nd Pennsylvania 139th Pennsylvania
	2nd Brigade Col Lewis A. Grant	1st Vermont Heavy Artillery^[31] 2nd Vermont 3rd Vermont 4th Vermont 5th Vermont 6th Vermont
	3rd Brigade Col Daniel D. Bidwell	7th Maine 43rd New York 49th New York: Ltc George W. Johnson 77th New York 61st Pennsylvania
	4th Brigade BG Henry L. Eustis Col Oliver Edwards	7th Massachusetts 10th Massachusetts 37th Massachusetts: Col Oliver Edwards 2nd Rhode Island
Third Division BG James B. Ricketts	1st Brigade BG William H. Morris (w) Col John W. Schall Col William S. Truex^[32]	14th New Jersey 106th New York 151st New York 87th Pennsylvania: Col John W. Schall 10th Vermont
Third Division BG James B. Ricketts	2nd Brigade Col Benjamin F. Smith	6th Maryland 110th Ohio 122nd Ohio 126th Ohio 67th Pennsylvania 138th Pennsylvania
	Artillery Brigade Col Charles H. Tompkins	Maine Light, 4th Battery (D) Massachusetts Light, 1st Battery (A) New York Light, 1st Battery New York Light, 3rd Battery 4th New York Heavy, 1st Battalion 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery C 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery E 1st Rhode Island Light, Battery G 5th United States, Battery M

Division	Brigade	Regiments and Others
First Division BG Wesley Merritt	1st Brigade BG George A. Custer	1st Michigan 5th Michigan 6th Michigan 7th Michigan
	2nd Brigade Col Thomas C. Devin	4th New York 6th New York 9th New York 17th Pennsylvania
	Reserve Brigade Col Alfred Gibbs	19th New York 6th Pennsylvania 1st United States 2nd United States 5th United States
Second Division BG David M. Gregg	1st Brigade BG Henry E. Davies, Jr.	1st Massachusetts 1st New Jersey 6th Ohio 1st Pennsylvania
Second Division BG David M. Gregg	2nd Brigade Col J. Irvin Gregg	1st Maine 10th New York 2nd Pennsylvania 4th Pennsylvania 8th Pennsylvania 16th Pennsylvania
Third Division BG James H. Wilson	1st Brigade Col John B. McIntosh	1st Connecticut 2nd New York 5th New York^[34] 18th Pennsylvania
Third Division BG James H. Wilson	2nd Brigade Col George H. Chapman	3rd Indiana 8th New York 1st Vermont
	1st Brigade Horse Artillery Cpt James M. Robertson	New York Light, 6th Battery 2nd United States, Batteries B and L 2nd United States, Battery D 2nd United States, Battery M 4th United States, Battery A 4th United States, Batteries C and E

Spotsylvania_Court_House_Union_order_of_battle

Battle of Spotsylvania Court House order of battle: Union

Abbreviations used

Military rank

Other

Forces operating against Richmond May 8–16, 1864

IX Corps

Army of the Potomac

II Corps

V Corps

VI Corps

Cavalry Corps

Artillery

Forces operating against Richmond May 17–21, 1864