In hydrology, stage is the water level in a river or stream with respect to a chosen reference height. Stage is important because direct measurements of river discharge are very difficult while water surface elevation measurements are comparatively easy. In order to convert stage into discharge, a rating curve is needed. Hydrologists can use a combination of tracer studies, observations of high water marks, numerical modeling, and/or satellite or aerial photography.

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• Hydraulic head
• Stream gauge

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