Telecommunications in Kazakhstan include radio, television, fixed and mobile telephones, and the internet.^[1]

The largest telecommunications company in Kazakhstan is Kazakhtelecom, which is responsible for infrastructure such as cables and exchanges, and provides internet, television and telephone connections to individuals and businesses.^[2] The state of Kazakhstan is a major shareholder in Kazakhtelecom.

• Radio broadcast stations: AM 60, FM 17, shortwave 9 (1998)
• Radios: 6.47 million (1997); 12 million (2009);
• Television broadcast stations: 12 (plus 9 repeaters) (1998); 149 (2009);

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• Top level domain (country code): .kz
• Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 10 (with their own international channels) (2001); 22 (2009);
• Internet hosts: 33,217 (2007); 80,000 (2009);
• Internet users: 100,000 (2002); 400,000 (2005); 1,247,000 (2006); 3,130,000 (2008); 4,700,000 (2009); 15,160,000 (2019)

It is estimated that as of 2021, 91% of Kazakhstan residents have access to the internet.^[4]

In 2023, Kazakhstan will begin the construction on the joint Trans Caspian Fiber Optic (TCFO) project.^[11]

The government of Kazakhstan carries out surveillance of telecommunications and internet traffic in the country and, as of 2010, was found to filter content related to social and political issues, as well as preparing list twice per year of websites to be blocked.^[12] ISPs are required to prohibit users from disseminating materials or information not in accordance with the country’s laws, including pornography. Since 2015 it is an imprisonable offense to spread unverified information online. Kazakhstan has also throttled or shut down the internet as a response to political dissent, such as during country-wide political unrest in January 2022.^[13][14]

In December 2022, Kcell and Tele2-Altel, both major Kazakhstani mobile network operators (MNOs), launched limited 5G services in the country following their successful acquisition of 5G spectrum licenses. This marked the beginning of the 5G era in Kazakhstan.

The two companies have ambitious plans to expand their 5G network infrastructure, aiming to deploy at least 7,000 5G base stations and achieve 80% population coverage by the end of 2027.^[15]

• Kazakhtelecom
• Kaznet
• Kazpost
• .kz