Timeline_of_Russian_history

Timeline of Russian history

Timeline of notable events in the history of Russia and its predecessor states

This is a timeline of Russian history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Russia and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Russia. See also the list of leaders of Russia.

Dates before 31 January 1918, when the Bolshevik government adopted the Gregorian calendar, are given in the Old Style Julian calendar.

Centuries: 9th · 10th · 11th · 12th · 13th · 14th · 15th · 16th · 17th · 18th · 19th · 20th · 21st · See also · Further reading

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This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Timeline_of_Russian_history, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

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Encyclopædia Britannica: Instruction of Catherine the Great (https://www.britannica.com/event/Instruction-of-Catherine-the-Great)

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"Mir | Soviet-Russian space station". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 12 November 2018.

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"Mir space station (27KS)". russianspaceweb.com. Retrieved 12 November 2018.

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"Putin wins election as Russian president; opponents claim widespread fraud". The Washington Post. Retrieved 19 August 2018.

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"What Is A Fencer Su-24? What To Know About The Russian Plane Shot Down By Turkey". International Business Times. 24 November 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2018.

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(www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle. "Turkish F-16 fighter jets shoot down Russian warplane after 'airspace violation' | DW | 24.11.2015". DW.COM. Retrieved 19 August 2018.

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"In Russia, France's Macron Tries His Next Charm Offensive On 'Cher Vladimir'". NPR.org. Retrieved 19 August 2018.

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FIFA.com (19 December 2014). "Ethics: Executive Committee unanimously supports recommendation to publish report on 2018/2022 FIFA World Cup bidding process". FIFA.com. Archived from the original on 12 May 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2018.

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"Explained: Russia's presidential election 2018". euronews. 17 March 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018.

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"Russian shopping centre inferno kills 64". BBC News. 26 March 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018.

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862		Rurik came to rule in Novgorod, establishing the Rurikid Dynasty.
882		Oleg of Novgorod conquered Kiev and moved the capital there.

Year	Date	Event
907		Rus'-Byzantine War (907): Oleg led an army to the walls of Constantinople.
907		Rus'-Byzantine War (907): A Rus'-Byzantine Treaty allowed Rus' merchants to enter the city under guard.
912		Oleg died and was succeeded by Igor, who was Rurik's son.
941	May	Rus'–Byzantine War (941): A Rus' army landed at Bithynia.
941	September	Rus'–Byzantine War (941): The Byzantines destroyed the Rus' fleet.
945		Rus'-Byzantine War (941): Another Rus'-Byzantine Treaty was signed. Rus' renounced some Byzantine territories.
945		Igor died; his wife Olga became regent of Kievan Rus' for their son, Sviatoslav I.
963		Olga's regency ended.
965		Sviatoslav conquered Khazaria.
968		Siege of Kiev (968): The Pechenegs besieged Kiev. A Rus' created the illusion of a much larger army, and frightened them away.
969	8 July	Sviatoslav moved the capital from Kiev to Pereyaslavets in Bulgaria.
971		The Byzantine Empire captured Pereyaslavets. The capital moved back to Kiev.
972		Sviatoslav was killed by the Pechenegs during an expedition on their territory. His son Yaropolk I succeeded him.
980		Yaropolk was betrayed and murdered by his brother Vladimir I, The Great, who succeeded him as Prince of Kiev.
981		Vladimir conquered Red Ruthenia from the Poles.
988		Christianization of Kievan Rus': Vladimir destroyed the pagan idols of Kiev and urged the city's inhabitants to baptize themselves in the Dnieper River.

Year	Date	Event
1015		Vladimir died. He was succeeded by Sviatopolk I, who may have been his biological son by the rape of Yaropolk's wife. Sviatopolk ordered the murder of three of Vladimir's younger sons.
1016		Yaroslav I, another of Sviatopolk's brothers, led an army against him and defeated him, forcing him to flee to Poland.
1017		Yaroslav issued the first Russian code of law, the Russkaya Pravda.
1018		Polish Expedition to Kiev: Sviatopolk led the Polish army into Rus'. Red Ruthenia returned to Polish possession.
1018	14 August	Polish Expedition to Kiev: The Polish army captured Kiev; Yaroslav fled to Novgorod.
1019		Yaroslav defeated Sviatopolk and returned to the princedom of Kiev. He granted autonomy to Novgorod as a reward for her prior loyalty. Sviatopolk died.
1030		Yaroslav reconquered Red Ruthenia from the Poles.
1043	30 February	Rus'–Byzantine War (1043): Yaroslav led an unsuccessful naval raid on Constantinople. According to the peace settlement, Yaroslav's son Vsevolod I married a daughter of the Byzantine emperor Constantine Monomachos.
1054		Yaroslav died. He was succeeded by his oldest son, Iziaslav I.
1068		Iziaslav was overthrown in a popular uprising and forced to flee to Poland.
1069		Iziaslav led the Polish army back into Kiev and reestablished himself on the throne.
1073		Two of Iziaslav's brothers, Sviatoslav II and Vsevolod I, overthrew him; the former became prince of Kiev.
1076	27 December	Sviatoslav died. Vsevolod I succeeded him, but traded the princedom of Kiev to Iziaslav in exchange for Chernigov.
1078		Iziaslav died. The throne of Kiev went to Vsevolod.
1093	13 April	Vsevolod died. Kiev and Chernigov went to Iziaslav's illegitimate son, Sviatopolk II.
1093	26 May	Battle of the Stugna River: Rus' forces attacked the Cumans at the Stugna River and were defeated.

Year	Date	Event
1113	16 April	Sviatopolk died. He was succeeded by Vsevolod's son, his cousin, Vladimir II Monomakh.
1125	19 May	Vladimir died. His oldest son, Mstislav I, succeeded him.
1132	14 April	Mstislav died. His brother Yaropolk II followed him as prince of Kiev.
1136		Novgorod expelled the prince appointed for them by Kiev and vastly circumscribed the authority of the office.
1139	18 February	Yaropolk died. His younger brother Viacheslav followed him, but in March Viacheslav was overthrown by his cousin, prince of Chernigov, Vsevolod.
1146	1 August	Vsevolod died. His brother Igor followed him as a ruler of Kiev. Citizens of Kiev required him to depose old boyars of Vsevolod. Igor swore to fulfill their request, but then reconsidered to do it. Citizens of Kiev considered that oath-breaker is not a legitimate ruler anymore and chose to summon prince Iziaslav of Pereyaslavl to be a new prince of Kiev.
1146	13 August	Iziaslav overthrow Igor. A brother of Igor, Sviatoslav, prince of Novgorod-Seversk asked prince of Rostov-Suzdal Yuri Dolgorukiy for help in realising Igor from captivity.
1147		The first reference to Moscow when Yuri Dolgorukiy called upon Sviatoslav of Novgorod-Seversk to "come to me, brother, to Moscow".
1149		Yuri Dolgorukiy captured Kiev. Iziaslav escaped.
1150		With assistance of Black Klobuks Iziaslav kicked away Yuri from Kiev. After some time, with help of Volodimirko of Galych, Yuri took Kiev again.
1151		Hungarian king Géza II helped Iziaslav to return Kiev. Yuri escaped
1154	13 November	Iziaslav II died. His brother, prince of Smolensk Rostislav was summoned to become a new prince of Kiev.
1155		Yuri Dolgorukiy expelled Rostislav with assistance of prince of Chernigov.
1157		Yuri I was intoxicated and died. Iziaslav of Chernigov became prince of Kiev.
1159		Iziaslav of Chernigov was overthrown by princes of Galych and Volyn. Allies called Rostislav to be prince of Kiev again.
1167		Rostislav died. His nephew, Mstislav of Volyn, became new ruler of Kiev.
1169		Andrey Bogolyubsky, the elder son of Yuri Dolgorukiy, prince of new strong principality of Vladimir-Suzdal attacked and plundered Kiev. A majority of Russian princes recognized him as a new grand prince. Unlike previous grand princes Andrey I did not move his residence to Kiev, instead remaining in Vladimir. Andrey appointed his brother Gleb as prince of Kiev. From this time, Kiev stopped being the center of Russian lands. The political and cultural center was moved to Vladimir. New princes of Kiev became dependent on the grand princes of Vladimir-Suzdal

Year	Date	Event
1223		Battle of the Kalka River: The warriors of Rus' first encountered the Mongol armies of Genghis Khan.
1227		Boyar intrigues forced Mstislav, the prince of Novgorod, to give the throne to his son-in-law Andrew II of Hungary.
1236		Alexander Nevsky was summoned by the Novgorodians to become Grand Prince of Novgorod and, as their military leader, to defend their northwest lands from Swedish and German invaders.
1237	December	Mongol invasion of Rus: Batu Khan set fire to Moscow and slaughtered and enslaved its civilian inhabitants.
1240	15 July	Battle of the Neva: The Novgorodian army defeated a Swedish invasion force at the confluence of the Izhora and Neva Rivers.
1242	5 April	Battle on the Ice: The army of Novgorod defeated the invading Teutonic Knights on the frozen surface of Lake Peipus.
1263	14 November	Nevsky died. His appanages were divided within his family; his youngest son Daniel became the first Prince of Moscow. His younger brother Yaroslav of Tver had become the Grand Prince of Tver and of Vladimir and had appointed deputies to run the Principality of Moscow during Daniel's minority.

Timeline_of_Russian_history

Timeline of Russian history

9th century

10th century

11th century

12th century

13th century

14th century

15th century

16th century

17th century

18th century

19th century

20th century

21st century

See also

References

Further reading

Published in the 19th century

Published in the 20th century

Published in the 21st century

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Year	Date	Event
1303	5 March	Daniel died. His oldest son Yury succeeded him as Prince of Moscow.
1317		Yury married the sister of Uzbeg Khan who was Mongolian prince. Uzbeg deposed the Grand Prince of Vladimir and appointed Yury to that office.
1322		Dmitry the Terrible Eyes, the son of the last Grand Prince of Vladimir, convinced Uzbeg Khan that Yury had been stealing from the khan's tribute money. He was reappointed to the princedom of Vladimir.
1325	21 November	Yury was murdered by Dmitry. His younger brother Ivan I Kalita succeeded him.
1327	15 August	The ambassador of the Golden Horde of Mongolian Empire was trapped and burned alive during an uprising in the Grand Duchy of Tver.
1328		Ivan led a Horde army against the Grand Prince of Tver, also the Grand Prince of Vladimir. Ivan was allowed to replace him in the latter office.
1340	31 March	Ivan died. His son Simeon succeeded him both as Grand Prince of Moscow and as Grand Prince of Vladimir
1353		Simeon died. His younger brother Ivan II, The Fair, succeeded him as Grand Prince of Moscow.
1359	13 November	Ivan died. His son, Dmitri Donskoi, succeeded him.
1380	8 September	Battle of Kulikovo: A Muscovite force defeated a significantly larger Blue Horde army of Mongolia at Kulikovo Field.
1382		The Mongol khan Tokhtamysh reasserted his power by looting and burning Moscow.
1389	19 May	Dmitri died. The throne fell to his son, Vasili I.

Year	Date	Event
1425	February	Vasili I died. His son Vasili II, succeeded him as Grand Prince of Moscow; his wife Sophia became regent. His younger brother, Yury Dmitrievich of Zvenigorod, also issued a claim to the throne.
1430		Yury appealed to the khan of the Golden Horde to support his claim to the throne. Vasili II retained the Duchy of Moscow, but Yury was given the Duchy of Dmitrov.
1432		Muscovite Civil War: Vasili II led an army to capture Dmitrov. His army was defeated and he was forced to flee to Kolomna. Yury arrived in Moscow and declared himself the Grand Prince. Vasili II was pardoned and made mayor of Kolomna.
1433		Muscovite Civil War: The exodus of Muscovite boyars to Vasili II's court in Kolomna persuaded Yury to return Moscow to his nephew and move to Galich.
1434		Muscovite Civil War: Vasily II burned Galich.
	16 March	Muscovite Civil War: The army of Yury Dmitrievich defeated the army of Vasily II. The latter fled to Nizhny Novgorod.
	1 April	Muscovite Civil War: Yury arrived in Moscow and again declared himself the Grand Prince.
	5 July	Yury died. His oldest son Vasily the Squint, succeeded him as Grand Prince.
1435		Muscovite Civil War: Yury's second son, Dmitry Shemyaka, allied himself with Vasily II. Vasily the Squint was expelled from the Kremlin and blinded. Vasili II returned to the throne of the Grand Prince.
1438		Russo-Kazan Wars: The khan of the recently established Khanate of Kazan led an army towards Moscow.
1445	7 July	Battle of Suzdal: The Russian army suffered a great defeat at the hands of the Tatars of Kazan. Vasili II was taken prisoner; operation of the government fell to Dmitry Shemyaka.
1445	December	Muscovite Civil War: Vasili II was ransomed back to Muscovy.
1446		Muscovite Civil War: Shemyaka had Vasili II blinded and exiled to Uglich, and had himself declared the Grand Prince.
1450		Muscovite Civil War: The boyars of Moscow expelled Shemyaka from the Kremlin and recalled Vasili II to the throne.
1452		Muscovite Civil War: Shemyaka was forced to flee to the Novgorod Republic.
1453		Shemyaka was poisoned by Muscovite agents.
1462	27 March	Vasili II died. His son Ivan III, The Great, succeeded him as Grand Prince.
1463		Grand Duchy of Moscow annexed the Duchy of Yaroslavl.
1471	14 July	Battle of Shelon: A Muscovite army defeated a numerically superior Novgorodian force.
1474		Grand Duchy of Moscow annexed the Rostov Duchy.
1476		Ivan stopped paying tribute to the Great Horde.
1478	14 January	The Novgorod Republic surrendered to the authority of Moscow.
1480	11 November	Great stand on the Ugra river: Ivan's forces deterred Akhmat Khan of the Great Horde from invading Muscovy.
1485		Ivan annexed the Grand Duchy of Tver.
1497		Ivan issued a legal code, the Sudebnik, which standardized the Muscovite law, expanded the role of the criminal justice system, and limited the ability of the serfs to leave their masters.

Year	Date	Event
1505	29 October	Ivan died. He was succeeded as Grand Duke of Muscovy by his son, Vasili III.
1507		Russo-Crimean Wars: The Crimean Khanate raided the Muscovite towns of Belyov and Kozelsk.
1510		With the approval of most of the local nobility, Vasili arrived in the Pskov Republic and declared it dissolved.
1517		The last Grand Prince of the Ryazan Principality was captured and imprisoned in Moscow.
1533	3 December	Vasili died; his son Ivan IV, The Terrible, succeeded him. His wife Elena Glinskaya became regent.
1538	4 April	Glinskaya died. She was succeeded as regent by Prince Vasily Nemoy.
1547	16 January	An elaborate ceremony crowned Ivan the first Tsar of Russia.
1552	22 August	Siege of Kazan (1552): Russian armed forces arrived at Kazan.
	2 October	Siege of Kazan (1552): The Russian army breached the walls of Kazan.
	13 October	Siege of Kazan (1552): The civilian population of Kazan was massacred, the city occupied.
1553–1554		First book printed in Russia, the Narrow-typed Gospel Book.
1556		Russia conquered and annexed the Astrakhan Khanate.
1558		Livonian War: Ivan demanded a back-breaking tribute from the Bishopric of Dorpat. The Bishop sent diplomats to Moscow to renegotiate the amount; Ivan expelled them and invaded and occupied the Bishopric.
1560	2 August	Battle of Ergeme: Ivan's army crushed the forces of the Livonian Order.
1561	28 November	Livonian War: The Livonian Order agreed to the Union of Wilno, under which the Livonian Confederation was partitioned between Lithuania, Sweden and Denmark. Lithuania and Sweden sent troops to liberate their new territories from Russian possession.
1565	February	Ivan established the Oprichnina, a territory ruled directly by the tsar.
1569	1 July	The Union of Lublin was signed. Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania were merged into the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth; Poland began aiding Lithuania in its war against Russia.
1572		The Oprichnina was abolished.
1581	16 November	Ivan killed his oldest son.
1582	15 January	Livonian War: The Peace of Jam Zapolski ended Polish–Lithuanian participation in the war. Russia gave up its claims to Livonia and the city of Polatsk.
1582	23 October	Battle of Chuvash Cape: Russian soldiers dispersed the armed forces of the Siberia Khanate from its capital, Qashliq.
1583		Livonian War: The war was ended with the Treaty of Plussa. Narva and the Gulf of Finland coast went to Sweden.
1584	18 March	Ivan died. The throne fell to his intellectually disabled son Feodor I; his son-in-law Boris Godunov took de facto charge of government.
1590	18 January	Russo-Swedish War (1590–1595): The Treaty of Plussa expired. Russian troops laid siege to Narva.
1590	25 February	Russo-Swedish War (1590–1595): A Swedish governor on the disputed territory surrendered to Russians.
1591	15 May	Dimitry Ivanovich, Ivan the Terrible's youngest son, died in exile from a stab wound to the throat. Long-regarded as murdered by agents of Boris Godunov, more recently scholars have begun to defend the theory that Dimitry's death was self-inflicted during an epileptic seizure.
1595	18 May	Russo-Swedish War (1590–1595): The Treaty of Tyavzino was signed. Ingria went to Russia.
1598	7 January	Feodor I died with no children giving a start to Time of Troubles
1598	21 February	A zemsky sobor elected Godunov the first non-Rurikid tsar of Russia.

Year	Date	Event
1601–03		Devastating famine, that undermined Boris's authority.
1604	October	False Dmitriy I, a man claiming to be the deceased Dmitriy Ivanovich, son of Ivan IV, invaded Russia with help of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1605	13 April	Boris died. His son Feodor II was pronounced tsar.
	1 June	A group of boyars defected in support of False Dmitriy, seized control of the Kremlin, and arrested Feodor.
	20 June	False Dmitriy and his army arrived in Moscow. Feodor and his mother were strangled.
	21 July	False Dmitriy was crowned tsar.
1606	8 May	False Dmitriy married a Catholic, Marina Mniszech, inflaming suspicions that he meant to convert Russia to Catholicism.
	17 May	Conservative boyars led by Vasili Shuisky stormed the Kremlin and shot False Dmitriy to death during his escape.
	19 May	Shuisky's allies declared him Tsar Vasili IV.
1607		False Dmitriy II, another claimant to the identity of Dmitriy Ivanovich, obtained financial and military support from a group of Polish magnates
1609	28 February	Vasili Shuisky ceded border territory to Sweden in exchange for military aid against the government of False Dmitriy II; around this time Smolensk got besieged
1609	September	Polish–Muscovite War (1609–1618): The Polish king Sigismund III led an army into Russia;
1610	4 July	Battle of Klushino: Seven thousand Polish cavalrymen defeated a vastly superior Russian force at Klushino.
	19 July	Vasili was overthrown. A group of nobles, the Seven Boyars, replaced him at the head of the government.
	27 July	Polish–Russian War (1609–1618): A truce was established. The boyars promised to recognize Sigismund's son and heir Władysław as tsar, conditional on severe limits to his power and his conversion to Orthodoxy.
	August	Polish–Russian War (1609–1618): Sigismund rejected the boyars' conditions.
	December	Hermogenes, the patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church, urged the Muscovite people to rise against the Poles.
	11 December	False Dmitriy II was shot and beheaded by one of his entourage.
1612	1 November	Polish–Russian War (1609–1618): Muscovite populace rising against the Poles recaptured the Kremlin.
1613		Ingrian War: Sweden invaded Russia.
1613	21 February	A zemsky sobor elected Michael Romanov, a grandson of Ivan the Terrible's brother-in-law, the tsar of Russia.
1617	27 February	Ingrian War: The Treaty of Stolbovo ended the war. Kexholm, Ingria, Estonia and Livonia went to Sweden.
1618	11 December	Polish–Russian War (1609–1618): The Truce of Deulino ended the war. Russia ceded the city of Smolensk and the Czernihów Voivodeship to Poland.
1619	13 February	Feodor Romanov, Michael's father, was released from Polish prison and allowed to return to Moscow.
1632	October	Smolensk War: With the expiration of the Truce of Deulino, a Russian army was sent to lay siege to Smolensk.
1634	1 March	Smolensk War: The Russian army, surrounded, was forced to surrender.
1634	14 June	Smolensk War: The Treaty of Polyanovka was signed, ending the war. Poland retained Smolensk, but Władysław renounced his claim to the Russian throne.
1645	13 July	Michael died. His son, Alexis, succeeded him.
1648	25 January	Khmelnytsky Uprising: A Polish szlachta, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, leads the Cossacks of the Zaporizhian Sich against the Polish Crown.
	1 June	Salt Riot: Upset over the introduction of a salt tax, the townspeople launched a rebellion in Moscow.
	11 June	Salt Riot: A group of nobles demanded a zemsky sobor on behalf of the rebellion.
	3 July	Salt Riot: Many of the rebellion's leaders were executed.
	25 December	Khmelnytsky Uprising: Khmelnytsky entered the Ukrainian capital, Kiev.
1649	January	A zemsky sobor ratified a new legal code, the Sobornoye Ulozheniye.
1653		Raskol: Nikon, the Patriarch of Moscow, reformed Russian liturgy to align with the rituals of the Greek Church.
1654	January	Khmelnytsky Uprising: Under the Treaty of Pereyaslav, Left-bank Ukraine, the territory of the Zaporozhian Host, allies itself with Russia.
	March–April	Raskol: Nikon arranges a church council, which decides to correct Russian divine service books using ancient Greek and Slavic manuscripts.
	July	Russo-Polish War (1654–1667): The Russian army invaded Poland.
1655		Swedish Deluge: Sweden invaded the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
	3 July	Russo-Polish War (1654–1667): Russian army captured Vilnius.
	25 July	Swedish Deluge: The voivode of Poznań surrendered to the Swedish invaders.
	2 November	Russia negotiated a ceasefire with Poland.
1656	July	Russo-Swedish War (1656–1658): Russian reserves invaded Ingria.
1658	26 February	Dano-Swedish War (1657–1658): The Treaty of Roskilde ended Sweden's war with Denmark, allowing her to shift her troops to the eastern conflicts.
	10 July	Raskol: Patriarch Nikon leaves Moscow.
	16 September	Russo-Polish War (1654–1667): The Treaty of Hadiach established a military alliance between Poland and the Zaporozhian Host, and promised the creation of a Commonwealth of three nations: Poland, Lithuania and Rus'.
	28 December	Russo-Swedish War (1656–1658): The Treaty of Valiesar established a peace. The conquered Ingrian territories were ceded to Russia for three years.
1660	23 April	Swedish Deluge: The Treaty of Oliva ended the conflict between Poland and Sweden.
1661		Russo-Polish War (1654–1667): Polish forces recaptured Vilnius.
1661	1 July	The Treaty of Valiesar expired. Russia returned Ingria to the Swedish Empire by the Treaty of Cardis.
1662	25 July	Copper Riot: In the early morning, a group of Muscovites marched to Kolomenskoye and demanded punishment for the government ministers who had debased Russia's copper currency. On their arrival, they were countered by the military; a thousand were hanged or drowned. The rest were exiled.
1665		Lubomirski's Rokosz: A Polish nobleman launched a rokosz (rebellion) against the king.
1665		The pro-Turkish Cossack noble Petro Doroshenko defeated his pro-Russian adversaries in the Right-bank Ukraine.
1666	April–May	Raskol: Great Moscow Synod deposed Nikon from the patriarchy. The Old Believers were anathematized.
1667	30 January	Russo-Polish War (1654–1667): The Treaty of Andrusovo ended the war between Poland and Russia without Cossack representation. Poland agreed to cede the Smoleńsk and Czernihów Voivodships and acknowledged Russian control over the Left-bank Ukraine.
1669		Doroshenko signed a treaty that recognized his state as a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire.
1670		The Cossack Stenka Razin began a rebellion against the Russian government.
1671		Razin was captured, tortured, and quartered in Red Square on the Lobnoye Mesto.
1674		The Cossacks of the Right-bank Ukraine elected the pro-Russian Ivan Samoylovych, Hetman of the Left-bank Ukraine, to replace Doroshenko and become the Hetman of a unified Ukraine.
1676		Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681): The Ottoman army joined Doroshenko's forces in an attack on the Left-bank city of Chyhyryn.
	29 January	Alexis died. His son Feodor III became tsar.
	1 February	Raskol: The 8-year-long siege of Solovki ended.
1680		Russo-Crimean Wars: The Crimean invasions of Russia ended.
1681	3 January	Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681): The war ended with the Treaty of Bakhchisarai. The Russo-Turkish border was settled at the Dnieper River.
1682	January	Feodor III abolished the mestnichestvo, an ancient, un-meritocratic system of making political appointments.
	14 April	Raskol: Avvakum, the most prominent leader of the Old Believer movement, was burned at the stake.
	27 April	Feodor died with no children. Peter I, Alexis's son by his second wife Natalia Naryshkina, was declared tsar. His mother became regent.
	17 May	Moscow Uprising of 1682: Streltsy regiments belonging to the faction of Alexis's first wife, Maria Miloslavskaya, took over the Kremlin, executed Naryshkina's brothers, and declared Miloslavskaya's invalid son Ivan V the "senior tsar," with Peter remaining on the throne as the junior. Miloslavskaya's oldest daughter Sophia Alekseyevna became regent.
1687	May	Crimean campaigns: Russian army launched an invasion against an Ottoman vassal, the Crimean Khanate.
1687	17 June	Crimean campaigns: Faced with a burned steppe incapable of feeding their horses, Russians turned back.
1689	June	Fyodor Shaklovity, the head of the Streltsy Department, persuaded Sophia to proclaim herself tsarina and attempted to ignite a new rebellion in her support. The streltsy instead defected in support of Peter.
1689	11 October	Shaklovity was executed.
1696	29 January	Ivan V died.
	23 April	Second Azov campaign: Russian army began its deployment to an important Ottoman fortress, Azov.
	27 May	Second Azov campaign: Russian navy arrived at the sea and blockaded Azov.
	19 July	Second Azov campaign: The Ottoman garrison surrendered.
1698	6 June	Streltsy Uprising: Approximately four thousand streltsy overthrew their commanders and headed to Moscow, where they meant to demand the enthroning of the exiled Sophia Alekseyevna.
1698	18 June	Streltsy Uprising: The rebels were defeated.
1700	19 August	Great Northern War: Russia declared war on Sweden.
1700	16 October	Adrian, the patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church, died. Peter prevented the election of a successor.

Year	Date	Event
1703	27 May	Foundation of Saint Petersburg.
1707	8 October	Bulavin Rebellion: A small band of Don Cossacks killed a noble searching their territory for tax fugitives.
1708	7 July	Bulavin Rebellion: After a series of devastating military reversals, Bulavin was shot by his former followers.
1708	18 December	An imperial decree divided Russia into eight guberniyas (governorates).
1709	28 June	Battle of Poltava: A decisive Russian military victory over the Swedes at Poltava marked the turning point of the war, the end of Cossack independence and the dawn of the Russian Empire.
1710	14 October	The Russian guberniyas were divided into lots according to noble population.
1710	20 November	Russo-Turkish War (1710–1711): Charles XII of Sweden persuaded the Ottoman sultan to declare war on Russia.
1711	22 February	Government reform of Peter I: Peter established the Governing Senate to pass laws in his absence.
1711	21 July	Russo-Turkish War (1710–1711): Peace was concluded with the Treaty of the Pruth. Russia returned Azov to the Ottoman Empire and demolished the town of Taganrog.
1713	8 May	The Russian capital was moved from Moscow to Saint Petersburg.
	17 July	The Riga Governorate was established on the conquered territory of Livonia.
	17 July	The territory of the Smolensk Governorate was divided between the Moscow and Riga Governorates.
1714	15 January	The northwestern territory of the Kazan Governorate was transferred to the newly established Nizhny Novgorod Governorate.
1715	11 October	Peter demanded that his son, the tsarevich Alexei Petrovich, endorse his reforms or renounce his right to the throne.
1716		Alexei fled to Vienna to avoid military service.
1717	22 November	The Astrakhan Governorate was formed on the southern lands of Kazan Governorate.
	22 November	The territory of the Nizhny Novgorod Governorate was reincorporated into the Kazan Governorate.
	12 December	Government reform of Peter I: Peter established collegia, government ministries that superseded the prikazy.
1718	31 January	Alexei returned to Moscow under a promise he would not be harmed.
	18 February	After torture, Alexei publicly renounced the throne and implicated a number of reactionaries in a conspiracy to overthrow his father.
	13 June	Alexei was put on trial for treason.
	26 June	Alexei died after torture in the Peter and Paul Fortress.
1719	29 May	Lots were abolished; the guberniyas were divided instead into provinces, each governed and taxed under a preexisting elected office (the Voyevoda). Provinces were further divided into districts, replacing the old uyezds. The district commissars were to be elected by local gentry.
		The Nizhny Novgorod Governorate was reestablished.
		The Reval Governorate was established on the conquered territory of Estonia.
1721	25 January	Peter established the Holy Synod, a body of ten clergymen chaired by a secular official, that was to head the Russian Orthodox Church in lieu of the Patriarch of Moscow.
	30 August	Great Northern War: The Treaty of Nystad ended the war. Sweden ceded Estonia, Livonia and Ingria to Russia.
	22 October	Peter was declared Emperor.
1722		Peter introduced the Table of Ranks, which granted the privileges of nobility based on state service.
1722	July	Russo-Persian War (1722–1723): A Russian military expedition sailed in support of the independence of two Christian kingdoms, Kartli and Armenia.
1723	12 September	Russo-Persian War (1722–1723): The Persian shah signed a peace treaty ceding the cities of Derbent and Baku and the provinces of Shirvan, Guilan, Mazandaran and Astrabad to the Russian Empire.
1725	28 January	Peter died of urinary problems. He failed to name a successor; one of Peter's closest advisers, Aleksandr Menshikov, convinced the Imperial Guard to declare in favor of Peter's wife Catherine I.
1726		The Smolensk Governorate was reestablished.
1726	8 February	Catherine established an advisory body, the Supreme Privy Council.
1727		Catherine established the Belgorod and Novgorod Governorates and adjusted the borders of several others. Districts were abolished; uyezds were reestablished.
	17 May	Catherine died.
	18 May	According to Catherine's wishes the eleven-year-old Peter II, the son of Alexei Petrovich and grandson of Peter the Great, became emperor. The Supreme Privy Council was to hold power during his minority.
	9 September	The conservative members of the Supreme Privy Council expelled its most powerful member, the liberal Menshikov.
1730	30 January	Peter died of smallpox.
	1 February	The Supreme Privy Council offered the throne to Anna Ivanovna, the daughter of Ivan V, on the conditions that the Council retain the powers of war and peace and taxation, among others, and that she never marry or appoint an heir.
	4 March	Anna tore up the terms of her accession and dissolved the Supreme Privy Council.
1736	20 May	Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739): The Russian army captured the Ottoman fortifications at Perekop.
1736	19 June	Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739): The Russians captured Azov.
1737	July	Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739): Austria joined the war on the Russian side.
1739	21 August	Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739): Austria agreed by the Treaty of Belgrade to end its participation in the war.
1739	18 September	Russo-Turkish War (1735–1739): The Treaty of Nissa ended the war. Russia gave up its claims on Crimea and Moldavia and its navy was barred from the Black Sea.
1740	17 October	Anna died of kidney disease. She left the throne to her adopted infant son, Ivan VI.
	18 October	Anna's lover, Ernst Johann von Biron, was declared regent.
	8 November	Biron was arrested on the orders of his rival, the Count Burkhard Christoph von Munnich. Ivan's biological mother, Anna Leopoldovna, replaced Biron as regent.
1741	8 August	Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743): Sweden declared war on Russia.
	25 November	Elizabeth, the youngest daughter of Peter the Great, led the Preobrazhensky regiment to the Winter Palace to overthrow the regency of Anna Leopoldovna and install herself as empress.
	2 December	Ivan was imprisoned in the Daugavgriva fortress.
1742	4 September	Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743): Encircled by the Russians at Helsinki, the Swedish army surrendered.
1743	7 August	Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743): The Treaty of Åbo was signed, ending the war. Russia relinquished most of the conquered territory, keeping only the lands east of the Kymi River. In exchange Adolf Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp, the uncle of the Russian heir to the throne, was to become King of Sweden.
1744		The Vyborg Governorate was established on conquered Swedish territories.
1755		Mikhail Lomonosov and Count Ivan Shuvalov founded the University of Moscow.
1756	29 August	Seven Years' War: The Kingdom of Prussia invaded the Austrian protectorate of Saxony.
1757	1 May	Diplomatic Revolution: Under the Second Treaty of Versailles, Russia joined the Franco-Austrian military alliance.
1757	17 May	Seven Years' War: Russian troops entered the war.
1761	25 December	Miracle of the House of Brandenburg: Elizabeth died. Her nephew, Peter III, became emperor.
1762	5 May	Seven Years' War: The Treaty of Saint Petersburg ended Russian participation in the war at no territorial gain.
1762	17 July	Peter was overthrown by the Imperial Guard and replaced with his wife, Catherine II, The Great, on her orders.
1764	5 July	A group of soldiers attempted to release the imprisoned Ivan VI; he was murdered.
1767	10 August	The Instruction of Catherine the Great is issued to the Legislative Commission.^[1]
1767	13 October	Repnin Sejm: Four Polish senators who opposed the policies of the Russian ambassador Nicholas Repnin were arrested by Russian troops and imprisoned in Kaluga.
1768	27 February	Repnin Sejm: Delegates of the Sejm adopted a treaty ensuring future Russian influence in Polish internal politics.
	29 February	Polish nobles established the Bar Confederation in order to end Russian influence in their country.
	25 September	Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774): The Ottoman sultan declared war on Russia.
1771	15 September	Plague Riot: A crowd of rioters entered Red Square, broke into the Kremlin and destroyed the Chudov Monastery.
1771	17 September	Plague Riot: The army suppressed the riot.
1772	5 August	The first partition of Poland was announced. Poland lost 30% of its territory, which was divided between Prussia, Austria, and Russia.
1773		Pugachev's Rebellion: The army of the Cossack Yemelyan Pugachev attacked and occupied Samara.
1773	18 September	A confederated sejm was forced to ratify the first partition of Poland.
1774	21 July	Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774): The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca was signed. The portion of the Yedisan region east of the Southern Bug river, the Kabarda region in the Caucasus, and several Crimean ports, went to Russia. The Crimean Khanate received independence from the Ottoman Empire, which also declared Russia the protector of Christians on its territory.
1774	14 September	Pugachev's Rebellion: Upset with the rebellion's bleak outlook, Pugachev's officers delivered him to the Russians.
1783	8 April	The Crimean Khanate was incorporated into the Russian Empire.
1783	24 July	Threatened by the Persian and Ottoman Empires, the kingdom of Kartl-Kakheti signed the Treaty of Georgievsk under which it became a Russian protectorate.
1788		Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792): The Ottoman Empire declared war on Russia and imprisoned her ambassador.
	27 June	Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790): The Swedish army playacted a skirmish between themselves and the Russians.
	6 July	Battle of Hogland: The Russian navy dispersed a Swedish invasion fleet near Hogland in the Gulf of Finland.
	6 October	Great Sejm: A confederated sejm was called to restore the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
1790	14 August	Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790): The Treaty of Värälä ended the war, with no changes in territory.
1791	3 May	Great Sejm: Poland's Constitution of 3 May was ratified in secret. The new constitution abolished the liberum veto, reducing the power of the nobles and limiting Russia's ability to influence Polish internal politics.
1791	23 December	Catherine established the Pale of Settlement, an area in European Russia into which Russian Jews were transported.
1792	9 January	Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792): The Treaty of Jassy was signed, ending the war. The Russian border in Yedisan was extended to the Dniester river.
1792	18 May	Polish–Russian War of 1792: The army of the Targowica Confederation, which opposed the liberal Polish Constitution of 3 May, invaded Poland.
1793	23 January	Polish–Russian War of 1792: The second partition of Poland left the country with one-third of its 1772 population.
1793	23 November	Grodno Sejm: The last sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth ratified the second partition.
1794	24 March	Kościuszko Uprising: An announcement by Tadeusz Kościuszko sparked a nationalist uprising in Poland.
	4 November	Battle of Praga: Russian troops captured the Praga borough of Warsaw and massacred its civilian population.
	5 November	Kościuszko Uprising: The uprising ended with the Russian occupation of Warsaw.
1795	11 September	Battle of Krtsanisi: The Persian army demolished the armed forces of Kartl-Kakheti.
1795	24 October	The third partition of Poland divided up the remainder of its territory.
1796	April	Persian Expedition of 1796: Catherine launched a military expedition to punish Persia for its incursion into the Russian protectorate of Kartl-Kakheti.
	5 November	Catherine suffered a stroke in the bathtub.
	6 November	Catherine died. The throne fell to her son, Paul I.

Year	Date	Event
1801	8 January	Paul authorized the incorporation of Kartl-Kakheti into the Russian empire.
	11 March	Paul was killed in his bed.
	23 March	Paul's son, Alexander I, ascended to the throne.
1802		Alexander established the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD).
1804		Russo-Persian War (1804–1813): Russian forces attacked the Persian settlement of Üçkilise.
1805		The Ottoman Empire dismissed the pro-Russian hospodars of its vassal states, Wallachia and Moldavia.
1805	26 December	War of the Third Coalition: The Treaty of Pressburg ceded Austrian possessions in Dalmatia to France.
1806	October	To counter the French presence in Dalmatia, Russia invaded Wallachia and Moldavia.
1806	27 December	Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812): The Ottoman Empire declared war on Russia.
1807	14 June	Battle of Friedland: The Russian army suffered a defeat against the French, suffering twenty thousand dead.
	7 July	The Treaty of Tilsit was signed. Alexander agreed to evacuate Wallachia and Moldavia and ceded the Ionian Islands and Cattaro to the French. The treaty ended Russia's conflict with France; Napoleon promised to aid Russia in conflicts with the Ottoman Empire.
	16 November	Alexander demanded that Sweden close the Baltic Sea to British warships.
1808	21 February	Finnish War: Russian troops crossed the Swedish border and captured Hämeenlinna.
1809	29 March	Diet of Porvoo: The four Estates of Finland swore allegiance to the Russian crown.
1809	17 September	Finnish War: The Treaty of Fredrikshamn was signed, ending the war and ceding Finland to the Russian Empire.
1810		The first military settlement was established near Klimovichi.
	1 January	Alexander established the State Council, which received the executive powers of the Governing Senate.
	20 February	The Russian government proclaimed the deposition of Solomon II from the throne of Imereti.
1811	27 March	Regional military companies were merged into the Internal Guard.
1812	28 May	Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812): The Treaty of Bucharest ended the war and transferred Bessarabia to Russia.
	24 June	French invasion of Russia (1812): The French army crossed the Neman River into Russia.
	14 September	French invasion of Russia (1812): The French army entered a deserted Moscow, the high-water mark of their invasion.
	14 December	French invasion of Russia (1812): The last French troops were forced off of Russian territory.
1813	24 October	Russo-Persian War (1804–1813): According to the Treaty of Gulistan, the Persian Empire ceded its Transcaucasian territories to Russia.
1815	9 June	Congress of Vienna: The territory of the Duchy of Warsaw was divided between Prussia, Russia, and three newly established states: the Grand Duchy of Posen, the Free City of Kraków and Congress Poland. The latter was a constitutional monarchy with Alexander as its king.
1825	19 November	Alexander died of typhus. The army swore allegiance to his oldest brother, the Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich. Constantine, however, following Alexander's choice of successor, swore allegiance to his younger brother, Nicholas I.
	12 December	Under pressure from Constantine, Nicholas published Alexander's succession manifesto.
	14 December	Decembrist revolt: Three thousand soldiers gathered at the Senate Square in Saint Petersburg, and declared their loyalty to Constantine and to the idea of a Russian constitution. When talk failed, the tsarist army dispersed the demonstrators with artillery, killing at least sixty.
1826		An imperial decree established the Second Section of His Majesty's Own Chancery, concerned with codifying and publishing the law, and the Third Section, which operated as the Empire's secret police.
	July	Nicholas established the office of Chief of Gendarmes, in charge of the Gendarmerie units of the Internal Guard.
	16 July	Russo-Persian War (1826–1828): The Persian army invaded the Russian-owned Talysh Khanate.
1828	21 February	Russo-Persian War (1826–1828) Facing the possibility of a Russian conquest of Tehran, Persia signed the Treaty of Turkmenchay.
	May	The Russian army occupied Wallachia.
	June	Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829): The Russian armed forces crossed into Dobruja, an Ottoman territory.
1829	14 September	Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829): The Treaty of Adrianople was signed, ceding the eastern shore of the Black Sea and the mouth of the Danube to the Russians.
1830	29 November	November Uprising: A group of Polish nationalists attacked Belweder Palace, the seat of the Governor-General.
1831	25 January	November Uprising: An act of the Sejm dethroned Nicholas from the Polish crown.
	29 January	November Uprising: A new government took office in Poland.
	4 February	November Uprising: Russian troops crossed the Polish border.
	September	Battle of Warsaw (1831): The Russian army captured Warsaw, ending the November Uprising.
1836		The Gendarmerie of the Internal Guard was spun off as the Special Corps of Gendarmes.
1852	December	The Ottoman sultan confirmed the supremacy of France and the Catholic Church over Christians in the Holy Land.
1853	3 July	Russia invaded the Ottoman provinces of Wallachia and Moldavia.
1853	4 October	Crimean War: The Ottoman Empire declared war on Russia.
1854	28 March	Crimean War: Britain and France declared war on Russia.
1854	August	Crimean War: In order to prevent the Austrian Empire entering the war, Russia evacuated Wallachia and Moldavia.
1855	18 February	Nicholas died. His son, Alexander II, became emperor.
1856	30 March	Crimean War: The Treaty of Paris was signed, officially ending the war. The Black Sea was demilitarized. Russia lost territory it had been granted at the mouth of the Danube, abandoned claims to protect Turkish Christians, and lost its influence over the Danubian Principalities.
1857		The last military settlements were disbanded.
1858	28 May	The Treaty of Aigun was signed, pushing the Russo-Chinese border east to the Amur river; Tariff Act reduces import tax.
1860	18 October	The Convention of Peking transferred the Ussuri krai from China to Russia.
1861	3 March	Emancipation reform of 1861: Alexander issued a manifesto emancipating the serfs; Student Protests against the Tsar.
1863	22 January	January Uprising: An anti-Imperial uprising began in Poland; girls allowed into secondary schools and standard curriculum set.
1864	1 January	Zemstva were established for the local self-government of Russian citizens.
	1 May	The Russian army began an incursion into the Khanate of Kokand.
	21 May	Caucasian War: Alexander declared the war over.
	5 August	January Uprising: Romuald Traugutt, the dictator of the rebellion, was hanged.
	20 November	Judicial reform of Alexander II: A royal decree introduced new laws unifying and liberalizing the Russian judiciary.
1865	17 June	The Russian army captured Tashkent
1867		The conquered territories of Central Asia became a separate Guberniya, the Russian Turkestan.
1867	30 March	Alaska Purchase: Russia agreed to the sale of Alaska to the United States of America.
1868		The Khanate of Kokand became a Russian vassal state.
1870		More vocational subjects taught to girls in schools
1873		The Narodnik rebellion began.
		The Emirate of Bukhara became a Russian protectorate.
	18 May	Khiva was captured by Russian troops.
	12 August	A peace treaty was signed that established the Khanate of Khiva as a quasi-independent Russian protectorate.
1876	March	The Khanate of Kokand was incorporated into the Russian Empire.
	20 April	April Uprising: Bulgarian nationalists attacked the Ottoman police headquarters in Oborishte.
	May	Alexander signed the Ems Ukaz, banning the use of the Ukrainian language in print.
	8 July	A secret treaty prepared for the division of the Balkans between Russia and Austria-Hungary, depending on the outcome of local revolutionary movements.
	6 December	Kazan demonstration: A political demonstration in front of the Kazan Cathedral in Saint Petersburg marked the appearance of the revolutionary group Land and Liberty.
1877	February	The Trial of the 193 occurred, punishing the participants of the Narodnik rebellion.
1877	24 April	Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878): Russia declared war on the Ottoman Empire.
1878	3 March	Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878): The Treaty of San Stefano was signed, concluding the war and transferring Northern Dobruja and some Caucasian territories into Russian hands. Several Slavic states, Montenegro, Serbia, Romania, and Bulgaria, received independence or autonomy.
1878	13 July	Congress of Berlin: The Treaty of Berlin, imposed on Russia by the West, divided Bulgaria into Eastern Rumelia and the Principality of Bulgaria.
1879	August	Land and Liberty split into the moderate Black Repartition and the radical terrorist group People's Will.
1880	6 August	The Special Corps of Gendarmes and the Third Section were disbanded; their functions and most capable officers were transferred to the new Department of State Police under the MVD.
1881		Constitution proposed, Alexander II agrees to it but doesn't get a chance to sign it
	10 March	Alexander II was assassinated by Ignacy Hryniewiecki of the People's Will. His son, Alexander III, becomes emperor.
	21 September	Persia officially recognized Russia's annexation of Khwarazm in the Treaty of Akhal.
1882		Alexander III introduces factory inspections and restricts working hours for women and children
	3 May	Alexander III introduced the May Laws, which expelled Russian Jews from rural areas and small towns and severely restricted their access to education
1883		Peasant Land Bank set up
1890	12 June	An imperial decree subordinated the zemstva to the authority of the appointed regional governors.
1891		Severe famine affects almost half of Russia's provinces
1892		Witte's Great Spurt increases industrial growth; women banned from mines and children under 12 banned from working in factories
1894	1 November	Alexander III dies. His son Nicholas II succeeds him as emperor.
1898	1 March	The Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) held its first Party Congress.
1900	16 July onward	In response to a local trade blockade, Russia invades and occupies the Sixty-Four Villages East of the Heilongjiang River. All 30,000 Qing dynasty citizens are expelled from their homes and driven across the Amur River, where most drown.
1900	6 February	As part of the Russification of Finland, Nicholas issues the Language Manifesto of 1900, making Russian the official language of Finnish administration.

Year	Date	Event
2001	23 March	Mir - the last national orbital station re-entered Earth's atmosphere.^[2]^[3]
2002	23 October	Moscow theater hostage crisis: Chechen rebels seized the Dubrovka theater in Moscow, taking approximately 700 theatergoers hostage, and demanded an immediate Russian withdrawal from Chechnya.
2002	26 October	Moscow theater hostage crisis: The police pumped anesthetic into the building, then stormed it from every entrance, executing all 42 terrorists. 120 hostages also died due to cumulative effects of intoxication, hunger and maltreatment by the terrorists.
2003	September–October	Russia-Ukraine territorial dispute over Tuzla Island
2003	25 October	Yukos affair: Khodorkovsky arrested.
2004	January	Russia–Belarus energy dispute
	14 March	2004 Russian presidential election: Putin won re-election to a second term, earning 71 percent of the vote.
	24 August	Russian aircraft bombings
	1 September	Beslan school hostage crisis: A group of Chechen terrorists took 1300 adults and children hostage at School Number One in Beslan.
	3 September	Beslan school hostage crisis: At one in the afternoon, following the sound of explosions, Russian police and soldiers stormed the school. The ensuing battle left 344 civilians, 31 of 32 hostage-takers and 10 police dead.
	September	Vladimir Putin came up with an initiative to change the appointment procedure for governors, proposing to confirm them in office by decision of legislature from the candidates proposed by the President. Putin logically linked his initiative to the Beslan tragedy.
	December	A bill to abolish direct gubernatorial elections was drafted and adopted.
2005	13 October	October 2005 Nalchik attack: A large group of terrorists assaulted and captured buildings throughout the city of Nalchik. By afternoon Russian soldiers surrounded and entered the city, forcing their enemies to retreat. Some 136 people were killed.
2005	1 December	Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug merged into Perm Krai.
2006	15–17 July	32nd G8 summit in St. Petersburg
2007	23 April	Boris Yeltsin died of congestive heart failure.
2008	2 March	2008 Russian presidential election: Deputy Prime minister Dmitry Medvedev won, earning 70.5 percent of the vote.
	7 May	Vladimir Putin becomes Prime minister
	7–12 August	2008 South Ossetia War: Russia revoked Georgia's attempts to reintegrate breakaway republics of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.
	31 December	2008 Constitutional amendments extended the terms of the President and Parliament
2009	January	2009 Russia–Ukraine gas dispute
	12–16 May	Eurovision Song Contest 2009
	17 August	Sayano-Shushenskaya power station accident
	5 December	"Lame Horse" nightclub fire
2010	8 April	The New START treaty, which would cut the nuclear arsenals of Russia and the United States by a third, was signed.
2010	July–August	2010 Russian wildfires
2011	27 March	Time zones reform reduced its number from 11 to 9
2011	4 December	2011 Russian legislative election, that caused large protests against alleged vote fraud
2012	4 March	2012 Russian presidential election: Vladimir Putin won, earning 63.6 percent of the vote.^[4]
	1 June	an Act came into force, which returns the direct election of Governors.
	22 August	Russia became a WTO member.
2013	6–17 July	2013 Summer Universiade in Kazan
2013	August–September	Russian Far East and Northeastern China affected by heavy flooding on Amur river
2014	7–23 February	2014 Winter Olympics
	16 March	Annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation: Referendum on the political status of Crimea
	18 March	Annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation: Putin and Crimean officials signed the Treaty on Accession of the Republic of Crimea to Russia.
	26 October	2011 time zones reform was canceled
2015	1 January	The Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union came into force.
	30 September	Russian military intervention in the Syrian civil war begins
	31 October	Aircraft bombing over Sinai
	24 November	2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown^[5]^[6]
2016	8 September	2016 Russian legislative election
2016	19 December	Assassination of Andrei Karlov
2017	1–3 June	St. Petersburg International Economic Forum^[7]
2017	17 June - 2 July	2017 FIFA Confederations Cup^[8]
2018	18 March	2018 Russian presidential election^[9]
	25-26 March	2018 Kemerovo fire^[10]
	14 June–15 July	The 2018 FIFA World Cup was held in Russia.
	Jun–Nov	2018 Russian pension protests
	15 October	2018 Moscow–Constantinople schism
	17 October	Kerch Polytechnic College massacre
2019	8 September	2019 Moscow City Duma election preceded by massive public protests in support of unregistered opposition candidates.
2019	23-24 October	The first (inaugural) Russia-Africa Summit is held at Sochi.
2020	15 January	2020 Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly. Announcement of the constitutional reform. Resignation of the Cabinet.
2020	1 July	2020 Russian constitutional referendum
2022	24 February	Russian invasion of Ukraine begins
2022	30 September	Russia annexes Luhansk, Donetsk, Kherson, and Zaporizhzhia from Ukraine.
2023	23–24 June	Wagner Group rebellion