Timeline_of_Solar_System_exploration

Timeline of Solar System exploration

Timeline of Solar System exploration

Add article description

This is a timeline of Solar System exploration ordering events in the exploration of the Solar System by date of spacecraft launch. It includes:

  • All spacecraft that have left Earth orbit for the purposes of Solar System exploration (or were launched with that intention but failed), including lunar probes.
  • A small number of pioneering or notable Earth-orbiting craft.[vague]

This article is about listing events in a comprehensive list. For a timeline of first-ever achievements, see Timeline of space exploration.
Charted timeline of Solar System exploration, as of December 2014

It does not include:

  • Centuries of terrestrial telescopic observation.
  • The great majority of Earth-orbiting satellites.
  • Space probes leaving Earth orbit that are not concerned with Solar System exploration (such as space telescopes targeted at distant galaxies, cosmic background radiation observatories, and so on).
  • Probes that failed at launch.

The dates listed are launch dates, but the achievements noted may have occurred some time later—in some cases, a considerable time later (for example, Voyager 2, launched 20 August 1977, did not reach Neptune until 1989).

1950s

Sputnik 1 – First Earth orbiter
More information Mission name, Launch date ...

1960s

Vostok 1 – First crewed Earth orbiter
Mariner 2 – First successful Venus flyby
Mariner 4 – First successful Mars flyby
Luna 9 – First successful lunar lander
Zond 5 – First lunar flyby and return to Earth, first terrestrials to circle the Moon
Apollo 8 – First crewed lunar orbiter
Apollo 11 – First crewed lunar landing
More information Mission name, Launch date ...

1970s

Mars 3 – First Mars lander
Pioneer 10 – First Jupiter flyby
Mariner 10 – First Mercury flyby
Voyager 2 – First Uranus/first Neptune flyby
More information Mission name, Launch date ...

1980s

Giotto – Comet Halley flyby
Galileo – Mission to Jupiter
More information Mission name, Launch date ...

1990s

Mars Pathfinder – Mars lander and the first successful Mars rover, Sojourner
Cassini–Huygens – First Saturn orbiter and first Titan lander
More information Mission name, Launch date ...

2000s

Mars Express/Beagle 2 – First planetary mission by the ESA
MESSENGER – First Mercury orbiter
Chandrayaan-1 – Water Around Fresh Moon Crater
More information Mission name, Launch date ...

2010s

Mars Science Laboratory – Mars lander and large rover
Mangalyaan – First Indian Mars orbiter
Trace Gas Orbiter – ESA/Roscosmos Mars orbiter
More information Mission name, Launch date ...

2020s

NASA's Perseverance rover
More information Mission name, Launch date ...

Planned or scheduled

Main article: List of proposed Solar System spacecraft

See also

References

  1. [1]
    "Sputnik 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 July 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  2. [2]
    "Sputnik | satellites". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 14 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  3. [3]
    "Sputnik 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  4. [4]
    Garcia, Mark (6 November 2017). "60 years ago: The First Animal in Orbit". NASA. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  5. [5]
    "Explorer 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  6. [6]
    "Vanguard 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 13 December 2017. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  7. [7]
    "Luna 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2 June 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  8. [8]
    Cavallaro, Umberto (5 October 2018). The Race to the Moon Chronicled in Stamps, Postcards, and Postmarks: A Story of Puffery vs. the Pragmatic. Springer. p. 46. ISBN 9783319921532.
  9. [9]
    JR, Wesley T. Huntress; Marov, Mikhail Ya (28 June 2011). Soviet Robots in the Solar System: Mission Technologies and Discoveries. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 77. ISBN 9781441978981. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  10. [10]
    "Luna | space probe". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  11. [11]
    "Pioneer 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 23 February 2017. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  12. [12]
    "In Depth | Pioneer 4". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  13. [13]
    "Luna 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 25 August 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  14. [14]
    "Luna 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 4 June 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  15. [15]
    "Pioneer 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  16. [16]
    "In Depth | Pioneer 5". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  17. [17]
    "Venera 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  18. [18]
    "Venera | Soviet space probes". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  19. [19]
    Wright, John (23 May 2006). The New York Times Almanac 2002. Routledge. p. 1649. ISBN 9781135455866. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  20. [20]
    "Vostok 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  21. [21]
    "Vostok | Soviet spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 3 February 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  22. [22]
    "Ranger 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  23. [23]
    "In Depth | Ranger 1". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  24. [24]
    "Ranger | space probe". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  25. [25]
    "Ranger 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 22 February 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  26. [26]
    "In Depth | Ranger 2". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  27. [27]
    "Ranger 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 January 2017. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  28. [28]
    "In Depth | Ranger 3". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  29. [29]
    Williamson, Mark (1998). "Protecting the space environment: Are we doing enough?". Space Policy. 14 (1): 5–8. doi:10.1016/S0265-9646(97)00038-6.
  30. [30]
    "Ranger 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  31. [31]
    "In Depth | Ranger 4". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  32. [32]
    "Mariner 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  33. [33]
    "In Depth | Mariner 02". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  34. [34]
    "Missions to Venus and Mercury". www.planetary.org. Archived from the original on 14 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  35. [35]
    "Ranger 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  36. [36]
    "In Depth | Ranger 5". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  37. [37]
    "Mars 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 9 November 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  38. [38]
    "In Depth | Mars 01". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  39. [39]
    "Luna 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  40. [40]
    "In Depth | Luna 04". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  41. [41]
    "Cosmos 21". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  42. [42]
    "Ranger 6". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  43. [43]
    "In Depth | Ranger 6". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  44. [44]
    "Zond 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  45. [45]
    "In Depth | Zond 1". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  46. [46]
    "Zond | space probe". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  47. [47]
    "Ranger 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 20 July 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  48. [48]
    "In Depth | Ranger 7". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  49. [49]
    "Image of the Moon taken by a Ranger 7". NSAS NSSDC Image Catalog. Archived from the original on 25 March 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
  50. [50]
    "Voskhod 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  51. [51]
    "Voskhod | spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 5 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  52. [52]
    "Mariner 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 23 June 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  53. [53]
    "In Depth | Mariner 03". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  54. [54]
    "Mariner 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 4 September 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  55. [55]
    "In Depth | Mariner 04". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  56. [56]
    "Zond 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  57. [57]
    "In Depth | Zond 2". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 27 March 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  58. [58]
    "Ranger 8". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  59. [59]
    "In Depth | Ranger 8". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  60. [60]
    "Voskhod 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  61. [61]
    "Ranger 9". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  62. [62]
    "In Depth | Ranger 9". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  63. [63]
    "LCS 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  64. [64]
    "Luna 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  65. [65]
    "Luna 6". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  66. [66]
    "Zond 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 March 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  67. [67]
    "In Depth | Zond 3". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 24 June 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  68. [68]
    "Luna 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  69. [69]
    "Venera 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  70. [70]
    "Venera 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  71. [71]
    "Luna 8". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  72. [72]
    "Pioneer 6". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 4 August 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  73. [73]
    "In Depth | Pioneer 06". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  74. [74]
    "Pioneer | space probes". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  75. [75]
    American Astronautical Society (23 August 2010). Space Exploration and Humanity: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 244. ISBN 9781851095193. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  76. [76]
    "Luna 9". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  77. [77]
    "Luna 10". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 July 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  78. [78]
    "Surveyor 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 September 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  79. [79]
    "Surveyor | space probe". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  80. [80]
    "In Depth | Surveyor 1". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 10 December 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  81. [81]
    "Explorer 33". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  82. [82]
    "In Depth | Explorer 33". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  83. [83]
    "Lunar Orbiter 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 7 August 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  84. [84]
    "In Depth | Lunar Orbiter 1". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  85. [85]
    "Lunar Orbiter | spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 August 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  86. [86]
    "Pioneer 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  87. [87]
    "In Depth | Pioneer 07". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  88. [88]
    "Luna 11". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  89. [89]
    "Surveyor 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  90. [90]
    "In Depth | Surveyor 2". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  91. [91]
    "Luna 12". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  92. [92]
    "Lunar Orbiter 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  93. [93]
    "In Depth | Lunar Orbiter 2". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  94. [94]
    "Luna 13". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 22 November 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  95. [95]
    "Lunar Orbiter 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  96. [96]
    "In Depth | Lunar Orbiter 3". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  97. [97]
    "Surveyor 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  98. [98]
    "In Depth | Surveyor 3". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 19 November 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  99. [99]
    "Lunar Orbiter 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  100. [100]
    "In Depth | Lunar Orbiter 4". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  101. [101]
    "Venera 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  102. [102]
    "Mariner 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 January 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  103. [103]
    "In Depth | Mariner 05". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  104. [104]
    "Surveyor 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  105. [105]
    "In Depth | Surveyor 4". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  106. [106]
    "Explorer 35". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  107. [107]
    "Lunar Orbiter 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  108. [108]
    "In Depth | Lunar Orbiter 5". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  109. [109]
    "Surveyor 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  110. [110]
    "In Depth | Surveyor 5". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  111. [111]
    "Surveyor 6". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  112. [112]
    "In Depth | Surveyor 6". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  113. [113]
    "Apollo 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  114. [114]
    "Pioneer 8". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  115. [115]
    "In Depth | Pioneer 08". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  116. [116]
    "Surveyor 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  117. [117]
    "In Depth | Surveyor 7". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  118. [118]
    "Apollo 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 March 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  119. [119]
    "Apollo 5 LM-1/Descent". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  120. [120]
    "Zond 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  121. [121]
    "In Depth | Zond 4". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  122. [122]
    Wong, Michael (6 March 2018). "50 Years Ago: Zond 4 launched successfully". NASA. Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  123. [123]
    "Luna 14". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  124. [124]
    "Zond 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  125. [125]
    "In Depth | Zond 5". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  126. [126]
    Mars, Kelli (18 September 2018). "50 Years Ago: On the Way to the Moon". NASA. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019. the first living organisms to have made a circumlunar flight
  127. [127]
    Greeley, R. (17 April 2013). Planetary Landscapes. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 20. ISBN 9781475722932. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  128. [128]
    "Apollo 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  129. [129]
    "Apollo | History, Missions, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  130. [130]
    "Pioneer 9". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  131. [131]
    "In Depth | Pioneer 09". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  132. [132]
    "Zond 6". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  133. [133]
    "In Depth | Zond 6". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  134. [134]
    "Apollo 8". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  135. [135]
    "In Depth | Apollo 8". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  136. [136]
    "Venera 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  137. [137]
    "Venera 6". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  138. [138]
    "Mariner 6". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  139. [139]
    "In Depth | Mariner 06". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 7 April 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  140. [140]
    "Apollo 9". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 March 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  141. [141]
    "Mariner 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  142. [142]
    "In Depth | Mariner 07". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 7 December 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  143. [143]
    "Apollo 10". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  144. [144]
    "In Depth | Apollo 10". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  145. [145]
    "Luna 15". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  146. [146]
    "In Depth | Luna 15". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  147. [147]
    "Apollo 11 | Facts & Pictures". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 30 March 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  148. [148]
    "In Depth | Apollo 11". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  149. [149]
    "Apollo 11 Command and Service Module (CSM)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  150. [150]
    "Apollo 11 Lunar Module / EASEP". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  151. [151]
    "Apollo 11 Lunar Sample Overview". www.lpi.usra.edu. Archived from the original on 9 September 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  152. [152]
    "Zond 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  153. [153]
    "In Depth | Zond 7". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 29 July 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  154. [154]
    "Apollo 12 Command and Service Module (CSM)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  155. [155]
    "Apollo 12 Lunar Module / ALSEP". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 July 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  156. [156]
    "In Depth | Apollo 12". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  157. [157]
    "Apollo 13 | United States spaceflight". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  158. [158]
    "Apollo 13 Command and Service Module (CSM)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  159. [159]
    "Apollo 13 Lunar Module/ALSEP". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 October 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  160. [160]
    "In Depth | Apollo 13". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  161. [161]
    "Venera 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  162. [162]
    "In Depth | Venera 7". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  163. [163]
    "Luna 16". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  164. [164]
    "Zond 8". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  165. [165]
    "In Depth | Zond 8". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  166. [166]
    Howell, Elizabeth (20 December 2016). "Lunokhod 1: 1st Successful Lunar Rover". Space.com. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  167. [167]
    "Apollo 14 Command and Service Module (CSM)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  168. [168]
    "Apollo 14 Lunar Module /ALSEP". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  169. [169]
    "In Depth | Apollo 14". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  170. [170]
    "Salyut 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  171. [171]
    "Salyut | History & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  172. [172]
    "Mars 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  173. [173]
    "Mars 2 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 June 2020. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  174. [174]
    "In Depth | Mars 02". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  175. [175]
    Coletta, Damon; Pilch, Frances T. (16 October 2009). Space and Defense Policy. Routledge. p. 428. ISBN 9781135969653. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  176. [176]
    Genta, Giancarlo (30 December 2016). Next Stop Mars: The Why, How, and When of Human Missions. Springer. p. 219. ISBN 9783319443119. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  177. [177]
    "Mars 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  178. [178]
    "Mars 3 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 5 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  179. [179]
    "In Depth | Mars 03". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  180. [180]
    "Mars - Spacecraft exploration". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 July 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  181. [181]
    "NASA Mars Orbiter Images May Show 1971 Soviet Lander". NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019. Mars 3 became the first successful soft landing on the Red Planet, but stopped transmitting after just 14.5 seconds for unknown reasons.
  182. [182]
    "Mariner 9". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  183. [183]
    "In Depth | Mariner 09". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  184. [184]
    "Apollo 15 Command and Service Module (CSM)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  185. [185]
    "Apollo 15 Lunar Module /ALSEP". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  186. [186]
    "In Depth | Apollo 15". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  187. [187]
    "Luna 18". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  188. [188]
    "In Depth | Luna 18". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  189. [189]
    "Luna 19". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  190. [190]
    "Luna 20". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  191. [191]
    "Pioneer 10". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 February 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  192. [192]
    "In Depth | Pioneer 10". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 31 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  193. [193]
    "Venera 8". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 20 April 2022. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  194. [194]
    "In Depth | Venera 8". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  195. [195]
    "Apollo 16 Command and Service Module (CSM)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  196. [196]
    "Apollo 16 Lunar Module /ALSEP". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  197. [197]
    "In Depth | Apollo 16". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  198. [198]
    "Apollo 17 | Overview & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  199. [199]
    "Apollo 17 Command and Service Module (CSM)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 9 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  200. [200]
    "Apollo 17 Lunar Module /ALSEP". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  201. [201]
    "In Depth | Apollo 17". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  202. [202]
    "Luna 21/Lunokhod 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  203. [203]
    "Pioneer 11". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 13 June 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  204. [204]
    "In Depth | Pioneer 11". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 4 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  205. [205]
    "RAE-B". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  206. [206]
    "In Depth | Explorer 49". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  207. [207]
    "Mars 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  208. [208]
    "In Depth | Mars 04". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  209. [209]
    "Mars 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 11 May 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  210. [210]
    "In Depth | Mars 05". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  211. [211]
    "Mars 6". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  212. [212]
    "In Depth | Mars 06". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  213. [213]
    "Mars 7". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 24 March 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  214. [214]
    "In Depth | Mars 07". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  215. [215]
    "Ch5". Archived from the original on 24 January 2021. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
  216. [216]
    "Mariner 10". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  217. [217]
    "In Depth | Mariner 10". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  218. [218]
    "Mariner | United States space probes". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  219. [219]
    "Luna 22". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  220. [220]
    "Luna 23". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  221. [221]
    "Helios-A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  222. [222]
    "In Depth | Helios 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  223. [223]
    "Venera 9". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  224. [224]
    "Venera 9 Descent Craft". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  225. [225]
    "In Depth | Venera 9". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  226. [226]
    "Venera 10". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  227. [227]
    "Venera 10 Descent Craft". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  228. [228]
    "In Depth | Venera 10". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  229. [229]
    "Viking 1 Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  230. [230]
    "Viking 1 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  231. [231]
    "In Depth | Viking 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  232. [232]
    "Viking | spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 15 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  233. [233]
    "Viking 2 Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  234. [234]
    "Viking 2 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  235. [235]
    "In Depth | Viking 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  236. [236]
    "Helios-B". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 April 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  237. [237]
    "Helios 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  238. [238]
    "Luna 24". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  239. [239]
    "Voyager 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  240. [240]
    "In Depth | Voyager 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  241. [241]
    "Voyager | Definition, Discoveries, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  242. [242]
    "Voyager 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  243. [243]
    "In Depth | Voyager 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  244. [244]
    "Pioneer Venus Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  245. [245]
    "In Depth | Pioneer Venus 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  246. [246]
    "Pioneer Venus Probe Bus". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 26 March 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  247. [247]
    "In Depth | Pioneer Venus 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  248. [248]
    "ISEE 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  249. [249]
    "In Depth | ISEE-3/ICE". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 18 April 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  250. [250]
    "ISEE-3/ICE". stardust.jpl.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  251. [251]
    "Venera 11". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  252. [252]
    "Venera 11 Descent Craft". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 27 June 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  253. [253]
    "In Depth | Venera 11". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  254. [254]
    "Venera 12". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  255. [255]
    "Venera 12 Descent Craft". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 23 May 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  256. [256]
    "In Depth | Venera 12". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  257. [257]
    "Venera 13". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  258. [258]
    "Venera 13 Descent Craft". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 28 July 2019. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  259. [259]
    "In Depth | Venera 13". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 28 July 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  260. [260]
    "Venera 14". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  261. [261]
    "Venera 14 Descent Craft". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 March 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  262. [262]
    "In Depth | Venera 14". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  263. [263]
    "Venera 15". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  264. [264]
    "In Depth | Venera 15". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  265. [265]
    "Venera 16". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  266. [266]
    "In Depth | Venera 16". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Archived from the original on 5 December 2020. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
  267. [267]
    "Vega 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  268. [268]
    "Vega 1 Descent Craft". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  269. [269]
    "Vega 1 Balloon". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  270. [270]
    "In Depth | Vega 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  271. [271]
    "Vega 1 & 2". stardust.jpl.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 24 October 1997. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  272. [272]
    "Vega 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  273. [273]
    "Vega 2 Descent Craft". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  274. [274]
    "Vega 2 Balloon". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  275. [275]
    "In Depth | Vega 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  276. [276]
    "Sakigake". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  277. [277]
    "In Depth | Sakigake". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  278. [278]
    "Giotto". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  279. [279]
    "In Depth | Giotto". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  280. [280]
    "Giotto". stardust.jpl.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  281. [281]
    "Suisei". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 28 April 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  282. [282]
    "In Depth | Suisei". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  283. [283]
    "Mir". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  284. [284]
    "Mir | Description, Launch, History, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  285. [285]
    Hamilton, John (15 December 2018). Space Stations and Beyond. ABDO. p. 30. ISBN 9781532171598. Archived from the original on 23 February 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  286. [286]
    "Phobos 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  287. [287]
    "In Depth | Fobos 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  288. [288]
    "Phobos 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 24 January 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  289. [289]
    "In Depth | Fobos 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  290. [290]
    "Magellan". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  291. [291]
    "In Depth | Magellan". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  292. [292]
    "Galileo Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  293. [293]
    "Galileo Probe". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  294. [294]
    "Galileo - In Depth". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 30 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  295. [295]
    "In Depth | Galileo Probe". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
  296. [296]
    "Hiten". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 8 December 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  297. [297]
    "In Depth | Hiten / Hagoromo". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  298. [298]
    "In Depth | Hubble Space Telescope". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 20 April 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  299. [299]
    "HST". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  300. [300]
    "Hubble Space Telescope | History, Discoveries, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  301. [301]
    "Ulysses". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 17 July 2019. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  302. [302]
    "In Depth | Ulysses". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  303. [303]
    "Ulysses | European-United States space probe". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  304. [304]
    "Yohkoh". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  305. [305]
    "Yohkoh | Japanese satellite". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  306. [306]
    "Mars Observer". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  307. [307]
    "In Depth | Mars Observer". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  308. [308]
    "Clementine". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  309. [309]
    "In Depth | Clementine". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  310. [310]
    "Clementine | spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  311. [311]
    "Wind". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  312. [312]
    "In Depth | Wind". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  313. [313]
    "SOHO". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 15 April 2019.
  314. [314]
    "In Depth | SOHO". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  315. [315]
    "Solar and Heliospheric Observatory | satellite". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  316. [316]
    "NEAR Shoemaker". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  317. [317]
    "In Depth | NEAR Shoemaker". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  318. [318]
    "Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous Shoemaker | spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  319. [319]
    "Mars Global Surveyor". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  320. [320]
    "In Depth | Mars Global Surveyor". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  321. [321]
    "Mars 96 Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  322. [322]
    "In Depth | Mars 08/Mars 96". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  323. [323]
    "Mars Pathfinder". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  324. [324]
    "Mars Pathfinder Rover". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
  325. [325]
    "In Depth | Mars Pathfinder". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  326. [326]
    "ACE". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  327. [327]
    "In Depth | ACE". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  328. [328]
    "Cassini-Huygens | Facts, Dates, & Images". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  329. [329]
    "Cassini". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  330. [330]
    "Huygens". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  331. [331]
    "Overview | Cassini". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  332. [332]
    "In Depth | Huygens". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  333. [333]
    "Lunar Prospector". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  334. [334]
    "In Depth | Lunar Prospector". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  335. [335]
    "Nozomi". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  336. [336]
    "In Depth | Nozomi". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  337. [337]
    "Deep Space 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  338. [338]
    "In Depth | Deep Space 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  339. [339]
    "International Space Station". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 24 April 2019. As of November, 1998 the global participants, in addition to the United States, included Russia, Canada, Japan, Brazil, and ESA (Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland).
  340. [340]
    "International Space Station | Facts, Missions, & History". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 24 April 2019. Aside from the United States and Russia, station construction involved Canada, Japan, Brazil, and 11 ESA members.
  341. [341]
    "Mars Climate Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  342. [342]
    "In Depth | Mars Climate Orbiter". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  343. [343]
    "Mars Polar Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  344. [344]
    "Deep Space 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  345. [345]
    "In Depth | Mars Polar Lander / Deep Space 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  346. [346]
    "Stardust/NExT". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  347. [347]
    "Stardust Sample Return Capsule". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  348. [348]
    "In Depth | Stardust". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 25 April 2019.
  349. [349]
    "2001 Mars Odyssey". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  350. [350]
    "In Depth | Mars Odyssey". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  351. [351]
    "Genesis". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  352. [352]
    "In Depth | Genesis". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  353. [353]
    "Genesis | United States spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  354. [354]
    "Genesis". www.jpl.nasa.gov. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  355. [355]
    "CONTOUR". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  356. [356]
    "In Depth | CONTOUR". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
  357. [357]
    "Hayabusa". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  358. [358]
    "In Depth | Hayabusa". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  359. [359]
    "Hayabusa | Spacecraft, Missions, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  360. [360]
    "Mars Express". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
  361. [361]
    "Beagle 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
  362. [362]
    "In Depth | Mars Express". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
  363. [363]
    "In Depth | Beagle 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
  364. [364]
    "Spirit". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  365. [365]
    "In Depth | Spirit". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  366. [366]
    "Opportunity". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  367. [367]
    "In Depth | Opportunity". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  368. [368]
    "SMART 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  369. [369]
    "In Depth | SMART-1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
  370. [370]
    "Rosetta". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  371. [371]
    "Philae". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  372. [372]
    "In Depth | Rosetta & Philae". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  373. [373]
    "Rosetta | European Space Agency spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  374. [374]
    "MESSENGER". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  375. [375]
    "In Depth | MESSENGER". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  376. [376]
    "Messenger | United States spacecraft". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 25 May 2019.
  377. [377]
    "Deep Impact/EPOXI". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  378. [378]
    "Deep Impact Impactor (DII) Vehicle". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  379. [379]
    "In Depth | Deep Impact (EPOXI)". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  380. [380]
    "Deep Impact | space probe". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  381. [381]
    "Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  382. [382]
    "In Depth | Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  383. [383]
    "Venus Express". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  384. [384]
    "In Depth | Venus Express". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  385. [385]
    "New Horizons Pluto Kuiper Belt Flyby". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  386. [386]
    "In Depth | New Horizons". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  387. [387]
    "New Horizons | Discoveries & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 9 June 2019.
  388. [388]
    Chang, Kenneth (18 July 2015). "The Long, Strange Trip to Pluto, and How NASA Nearly Missed It". New York Times. Retrieved 19 July 2015.
  389. [389]
    "Hinode". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
  390. [390]
    "Hinode | satellite". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
  391. [391]
    "STEREO A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  392. [392]
    "STEREO B". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  393. [393]
    "In Depth | STEREO A & B". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  394. [394]
    "Phoenix Mars Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  395. [395]
    "In Depth | Phoenix". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  396. [396]
    "Kaguya". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  397. [397]
    "Okina". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  398. [398]
    "Ouna". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  399. [399]
    "In Depth | Kaguya". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  400. [400]
    "Dawn". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  401. [401]
    "In Depth | Dawn". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  402. [402]
    "Dawn | United States satellite". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  403. [403]
    "Chang'e 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  404. [404]
    "In Depth | Chang'e 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  405. [405]
    "Chang'e | Missions & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  406. [406]
    "Chandrayaan 1 Lunar Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  407. [407]
    "In Depth | Chandrayaan 1". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  408. [408]
    "Chandrayaan-1 | Indian space probe". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  409. [409]
    "Herschel Space Observatory". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  410. [410]
    "In Depth | Herschel". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  411. [411]
    "Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  412. [412]
    "Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  413. [413]
    "In Depth | Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  414. [414]
    "In Depth | LCROSS". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  415. [415]
    "WISE". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  416. [416]
    "In Depth | WISE/NEOWISE". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  417. [417]
    "Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer | United States satellite". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
  418. [418]
    "Solar Dynamics Observatory". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  419. [419]
    "Solar Dynamics Observatory | United States satellite". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  420. [420]
    "Akatsuki". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  421. [421]
    "In Depth | Akatsuki". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  422. [422]
    "Akatsuki | Mission & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  423. [423]
    "Picard". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  424. [424]
    "Picard". Picard. 24 April 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  425. [425]
    "Chang'e 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  426. [426]
    "In Depth | Chang'e 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  427. [427]
    "Juno". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
  428. [428]
    "In Depth | Juno". NASA Solar System Exploration. Archived from the original on 5 May 2019. Retrieved 14 June 2019.
  429. [429]
    "Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory-A (GRAIL)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  430. [430]
    "Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory-B (GRAIL)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  431. [431]
    "In Depth | GRAIL". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  432. [432]
    "Phobos-Grunt". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  433. [433]
    "Yinghuo-1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  434. [434]
    "Mars Science Laboratory (MSL)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  435. [435]
    "In Depth | Curiosity (MSL)". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  436. [436]
    "Van Allen Probe A (RBSP-A)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  437. [437]
    "Van Allen Probe B (RBSP-B)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  438. [438]
    "Van Allen Probes". vanallenprobes.jhuapl.edu. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  439. [439]
    "Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  440. [440]
    "Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 18 June 2019.
  441. [441]
    "In Depth | LADEE". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 18 June 2019.
  442. [442]
    "Hisaki". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  443. [443]
    "Mangalyaan". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  444. [444]
    "In Depth | Mars Orbiter Mission". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  445. [445]
    "Mars Orbiter Mission | Indian space mission". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  446. [446]
    "Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  447. [447]
    "In Depth | MAVEN". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  448. [448]
    "Chang'e 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  449. [449]
    "Chang'e 3 Rover". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  450. [450]
    "In Depth | Chang'e 3". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
  451. [451]
    "Chang'e 5-T1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  452. [452]
    "Hayabusa 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
  453. [453]
    "In Depth | Hayabusa 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  454. [454]
    "PROCYON". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  455. [455]
    "DSCOVR". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  456. [456]
    "In Depth | DSCOVR". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  457. [457]
    "ExoMars 2016". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  458. [458]
    "In Depth | ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 22 June 2019.
  459. [459]
    "OSIRIS-REx". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  460. [460]
    "In Depth | OSIRIS-REx". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  461. [461]
    "InSight". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  462. [462]
    "In Depth | InSight". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  463. [463]
    "Queqiao". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  464. [464]
    "Parker Solar Probe". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  465. [465]
    "In Depth | Parker Solar Probe". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  466. [466]
    "BepiColombo". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  467. [467]
    "In Depth | BepiColombo". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  468. [468]
    "Chang'e 4". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  469. [469]
    "In Depth | Chang'e 4". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  470. [470]
    "Beresheet". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  471. [471]
    "In Depth | Beresheet". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  472. [472]
    "Chandrayaan 2". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  473. [473]
    "In Depth | Chandrayaan 2". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  474. [474]
    "Solar Orbiter". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  475. [475]
    "ESA Science & Technology - Solar Orbiter". sci.esa.int. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  476. [476]
    "ESA - Solar Orbiter". www.esa.int. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
  477. [477]
    "Emirates Mars Mission (Hope)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
  478. [478]
    "Tianwen 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
  479. [479]
    "MARS 2020". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  480. [480]
    "In Depth | Mars 2020 Rover". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  481. [481]
    "Mars 2020 Rover". mars.nasa.gov. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  482. [482]
    "Chang'e 5". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 November 2020.
  483. [483]
    "Lucy". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  484. [484]
    "In Depth | Lucy". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
  485. [485]
    "Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  486. [486]
    "In Depth | DART". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  487. [487]
    "James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  488. [488]
    "In Depth | James Webb Space Telescope". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
  489. [489]
    "CAPSTONE". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
  490. [490]
    "Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  491. [491]
    "Artemis 1". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
  492. [492]
    "ispace Begins Final Assembly of Lunar Lander Flight Model Ahead of First Mission". ispace. 14 July 2021. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
  493. [493]
    Foust, Jeff (28 October 2021). "U.A.E. examining options for future human spaceflight missions". SpaceNews. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  494. [494]
    "MBRSC Teams Up with Japan's ispace on Emirates Lunar Mission". ispace. 14 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
  495. [495]
    "JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  496. [496]
    "Chandrayaan 3". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  497. [497]
    "Chandrayaan-3". ISRO. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  498. [498]
    "Luna 25". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
  499. [499]
    "Запуск первой в истории современной России миссии на Луну запланировали на 11 августа" [The launch of the first mission to the Moon in the history of modern Russia was scheduled for August 11]. TASS (in Russian). 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  500. [500]
    "Aditya-L1". ISRO. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  501. [501]
    "SLIM". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  502. [502]
    "SLIM". JAXA. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  503. [503]
    "NASA Continues Psyche Asteroid Mission". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  504. [504]
    McCrea, Aaron (8 January 2024). "Vulcan successfully launches Peregrine lunar lander on inaugural flight". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  505. [505]
    "Status of Nova C (IM-1) Launch Time". Next Spaceflight. Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  506. [506]
    Jones, Andrew (14 March 2024). "Surprise Chinese lunar mission hit by launch anomaly". SpaceNews. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
  507. [507]
    "China launches Queqiao-2 relay satellite to support moon missions". Space.com. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Timeline_of_Solar_System_exploration, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.