Tree-free_paper
Tree-free paper, or tree-free newsprint, is described as an alternative to wood-pulp paper due to its raw material composition. It is claimed to be more eco-friendly when considering the product's entire life cycle.
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Sources of fiber for tree-free paper include:[1][2]
- agricultural residues (e.g. sugarcane bagasse, husks and straw)
- fiber crops and wild plants, such as bamboo, kenaf, hemp, jute, and flax
- textiles and cordage wastes
Non-fiber sources include:
- calcium carbonate bound by a non-toxic high-density polyethylene resin
Paper manufacturing is highly competitive, with historically tight margins and small operating profits. As a result, the raw materials used to make paper have to be very cost effective, using cheap and scalable renewable resources, coupled with relatively inexpensive ways to deliver large quantities to the market. Commercial tree farming has been shaped to account for these tight operating margins and supply cost limitations. Virtually all paper, however, requires massive cutting, replanting and re-cutting of wide swaths of forest. These limitations have made farm grown wood pulp the paper industry's overwhelming scalable raw material of choice.
The paper industry's answer to "tree-free" paper has been focused on "recycled waste paper" as a tree-free alternative, even though the vast majority of "recycled waste paper" originally started its life cycle from tree grown pulp.
Commercial low cost production technology coupled with limited resource abundance, plus low cost transportation to commercial business markets, had created a barrier, which virtually limited true "tree-free" paper from developing into anything more than small niche markets with even smaller niche market players. Furthermore, grasses and annual plants often have high silica contents. Silica is problematic as it consumes pulping chemicals and produces fly ash when burned.