UEFA

UEFA

UEFA

International governing body for association football in Europe

The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA /juːˈeɪfə/ yoo-AY-fə; French: Union des associations européennes de football;[a] German: Union der europäischen Fußballverbände[b]) is one of six continental bodies of governance in association football. It governs football, futsal and beach football in Europe and the transcontinental countries of Turkey, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Kazakhstan, as well as the West Asian countries of Cyprus, Armenia and Israel.[4] UEFA consists of 55 national association members. Since 2022, due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, FIFA and UEFA suspended all Russian national teams and clubs from any FIFA and UEFA competitions.[5][6] UEFA consists of the national football associations of Europe, and runs national and club competitions including the European Championship, Nations League, Champions League, Europa League, Conference League, and Super Cup, and also controls the prize money, regulations, as well as media rights to those competitions.

Quick Facts Abbreviation, Formation ...

Henri Delaunay acted as the first general secretary and Ebbe Schwartz as the first president. The current president is Aleksander Čeferin, a former Football Association of Slovenia president, who was elected as UEFA's seventh president at the 12th Extraordinary UEFA Congress in Athens in September 2016, and automatically became a vice-president of the world body FIFA.[7]

History and membership

UEFA was officially inaugurated on 15 June 1954 in Basel, Switzerland, after consultation between the Italian, French, and Belgian associations.[8] At the founding meeting, 25 members were present. However, six other associations which were not present were still recognised as founding members, bringing the total of founding associations to 31.[9] UEFA grew to more than 50 members by the mid-1990s, as new associations were born out of the fragmentation of the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia into their constituent states. UEFA's main headquarters after its foundation were located in Paris, but moved to Bern in 1960. Finally, they moved to Nyon, Switzerland, in 1995, opening the organisation's current headquarters in 1999.[10]

Current members

UEFA membership coincides for the most part with recognition as a sovereign country in Europe (48 out of 55 members are sovereign UN member states), although there are some exceptions. One UN member state (Monaco) and one UN General Assembly non-member observer state (Vatican City) are not members. Some UEFA members are not sovereign states, but form part of a larger recognised sovereign state in the context of international law. These include England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales (UK constituent countries), Gibraltar (UK overseas territory), Faroe Islands (Danish Realm), and Kosovo (state with limited recognition), however, in the context of these countries, government functions concerning sport tend to be carried at the territorial level coterminous with the UEFA member entity. UEFA have previously declined membership to those deemed as non-sovereign countries like Jersey.[11]

Some UEFA members are transcontinental states (Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan and Turkey) and others are considered part of Europe both culturally and politically (Turkey, Cyprus and Armenia). Countries which had been members of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) were also admitted to the European football association, such as Israel (because it had been banned from the AFC group in 1974) and Kazakhstan. Involving clubs, some UEFA member associations allow teams from outside their association's main territory to take part in their "domestic" competition, for example, AS Monaco in the French League, Welsh clubs Cardiff City or Swansea City in the English League, or Derry City, situated in Northern Ireland, plays in the Republic of Ireland-based League of Ireland.[12][13]

On 28 February 2022, due to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and in accordance with a recommendation by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the UEFA suspended the participation of Russia.[14][5] The Russian Football Union unsuccessfully appealed the UEFA ban to the Court of Arbitration for Sport, which upheld the ban.[15][16] On 26 September 2023 the ban was lifted for the Russia U-17 team enabling them to complete in the 2024 Euro U-17 with UEFA saying "by banning children from our competitions, we not only fail to recognise and uphold a fundamental right for their holistic development but we directly discriminate against them". The lifting of the ban also applied to all teams, men and women, of underage players.[17] This was rejected by the FA of Ukraine, England, and Sweden, with all three threatening to boycott matches against Russia.[18]

Europe's Big Five

Five of the UEFA national teams, Germany, Italy, France, England and Spain, have won 12 out of 22 FIFA World Cups for Europe. These five nations also make up the so-called «Europe's Big Five», consisting of Spain's La Liga, England's Premier League, Germany's Bundesliga, Italy's Serie A and France's Ligue 1.[19]

Executive committee

UEFA executive committee is composed of;[20]

List of UEFA office holders

List of presidents of UEFA
Main article: List of presidents of UEFA
More information President, Nationality ...
List of secretaries general of UEFA
Chief Executive
More information Secretary general, Nationality ...

Members

More information Code, Association ...

Former members

More information Association, Year ...

Competitions

Main article: UEFA competitions
See also: List of association football competitions and FIFA International Match Calendar

UEFA continental competitions

Defunct

See also: Category:Defunct association football competitions

UEFA runs official international competitions in Europe and some countries of Northern, Southwestern and Central Asia for national teams and professional clubs, known as UEFA competitions, some of which are regarded as the world's most prestigious tournaments.

UEFA is the organiser of two of the most prestigious competitions in international football: The UEFA European Championship and the UEFA Nations League. The main competition for men's national teams is the UEFA European Championship (also known as the Euro), which started in 1958, with the first finals in 1960, and was known as the European Nations Cup until 1964. The UEFA Nations League is the second tournament of UEFA and was introduced in 2018. The tournament largely replaced the international friendly matches previously played on the FIFA International Match Calendar. It will be played every two years.

UEFA also runs national competitions at Under-21, Under-19 and Under-17 levels. For women's national teams, UEFA operates the UEFA Women's Championship for senior national sides as well as Women's Under-19 and Women's Under-17 Championships.

World, Olympic and intercontinental competitions

Beside continental European competitions for national and their junior teams, the UEFA organizes various qualification male and female tournaments among European national and their junior teams for World Cups (organized by FIFA) and Olympics (organized by IOC).

UEFA also organised the UEFA–CAF Meridian Cup with CAF for youth teams in an effort to boost youth football. UEFA launched the UEFA Regions' Cup, for semi-professional teams representing their local region, in 1999. In futsal there is the UEFA Futsal Championship and UEFA Under-19 Futsal Championship. Despite the existence of UEFA's Futsal and Beach soccer committee, UEFA does not organise any beach soccer competitions. International and club beach soccer competitions for UEFA members are organised externally by Beach Soccer Worldwide.

The Italian, German, Spanish, French and Russian[r] men's national teams are the only teams to have won the European football championship in all categories.

Club

Further information: List of UEFA club competition winners
UEFA member countries by club competition entry entitlements, 2009/10

The top-ranked UEFA competition is the UEFA Champions League, which started in 1955 as the European Champion Clubs' Cup (or simply the European Cup) and initially only gathered the top team of each country; this competition has since been expanded to gather the top 1–4 teams of each country's league (the number of teams depend on that country's ranking and can be upgraded or downgraded).

A second, lower-ranked competition is the UEFA Europa League. This competition, for national knockout cup winners and high-placed league teams, was launched by UEFA in 1971 as a successor of both the former UEFA Cup and the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup (also began in 1955). A third competition, the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, which started in 1960, was absorbed into the UEFA Cup (now UEFA Europa League) in 1999.

In December 2018, UEFA announced the creation of a third club competition, later named the UEFA Europa Conference League. The competition features 32 teams in 8 groups of 4, with a knockout round between the second placed teams in Europa Conference League and the third placed teams in the Europa League, leading to a final 16 knockout stage featuring the eight group winners. The first edition of the competition was played in 2021–2022.[24]

In women's football UEFA also conducts the UEFA Women's Champions League for club teams. The competition was first held in 2001, and was known as the UEFA Women's Cup until 2009.

The UEFA Super Cup pits the winners of the Champions League against the winners of the Europa League (previously the winners of the Cup Winners' Cup), and came into being in 1973.[25][26][27]

The UEFA Intertoto Cup was a summer competition, previously operated by several Central European football associations, which was relaunched and recognised as official UEFA club competition by UEFA in 1995.[28] The last Intertoto Cup took place in 2008.

The European/South American Cup was jointly organised with CONMEBOL between the Champions League and the Copa Libertadores winners.[29]

Only five teams[30][31] (Juventus, Ajax, Manchester United, Bayern Munich and Chelsea[s]) have won each of the three main competitions (European Cup/UEFA Champions League, European Cup Winners' Cup/UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League),[32] a feat that is no longer possible for any team that did not win the Cup Winners' Cup. There are currently eight teams throughout Europe that have won two of the three trophies; all but one have won the Cup Winners' Cup, four require a win in the Champions League and four require a UEFA Europa League win.

Until the first staging of the UEFA Europa Conference League in 2022, Juventus of Italy was the only team in Europe to win all UEFA's official championships and cups[33] and, in commemoration of achieving that feat, have received The UEFA Plaque by the Union of European Football Associations on 12 July 1988.[34][35]

UEFA's premier futsal competition is the UEFA Futsal Cup, a tournament started in 2001 which replaced the former Futsal European Clubs Championship. This event, despite enjoying a long and well-established tradition in the European futsal community, dating back to 1984, was never recognised as official by UEFA.

There was an attempt to create a Europa League-style second tier women's club competition, which had been in discussion since 2021.[36] In December 2023, the attempt came into a fruition, with the first edition of the competition to be played in 2025–26.[37] In December 2024, the name of the competition, "UEFA Women's Europa Cup", was announced.[38][39]

Current title holders

See also: Portal:Current events/Sports, 2025 in association football, 2025 in sports, and FIFA International Match Calendar
More information Competition, Year ...

Titles by nation

Main article: UEFA club competition records and statistics
More information Nation, Men ...

Sponsors

UEFA national team competitions[40]
UEFA Champions League
Global sponsors
Suppliers and enhanced partners

Note: The UEFA Champions League sponsors are also sponsors of the UEFA Super Cup and the UEFA Youth League.

UEFA Europa League
Global sponsors
Suppliers

Note: The UEFA Europa League sponsors are also sponsors of the UEFA Conference League.

UEFA women's football competitions

FIFA World Rankings

See also: FIFA Men's World Rankings and FIFA Women's World Rankings

Overview

More information FIFA, +/- ...

Team of the Year

More information Year, First ...

Major tournament records

Legend

  •  1st  – Champions
  •  2nd  – Runners-up
  •  3rd  – Third place[x]
  •  4th  – Fourth place
  • QF – Quarter-finals (1934–1938, 1954–1970, and 1986–present: knockout round of 8)
  • R3 – Round 3 (2026–present: knockout round of 16)
  • R2 – Round 2 (1974–1978: second group stage, top 8; 1982: second group stage, top 12; 1986–2022: knockout round of 16; 2026–present: knockout round of 32)
  • R1 – Round 1 (1930, 1950–1970 and 1986–present: group stage; 1934–1938: knockout round of 16; 1974–1982: first group stage)
  • Q — Qualified for upcoming tournament
  •  ••  – Qualified but withdrew
  •  •  – Did not qualify
  •  ×  – Did not enter / Withdrew / Banned
  •     – Hosts

For each tournament, the flag of the host country and the number of teams in each finals tournament (in brackets) are shown.

FIFA World Cup

Main article: National team appearances in the FIFA World Cup
See also: European nations at the FIFA World Cup
More information FIFA World Cup record, Team ...

FIFA Women's World Cup

Main article: FIFA Women's World Cup records and statistics
More information FIFA Women's World Cup record, Team ...

Olympic Games

Men's tournament

See also: Football at the Summer Olympics § Participating nations
More information Olympic Games (Men's tournament) record, Team ...

Women's tournament

See also: Football at the Summer Olympics § Participating nations 2
More information Olympic Games (Women's tournament) record, Team ...

UEFA European Championship

Main article: UEFA European Championship records and statistics
More information record, Team (Total 36 teams) ...

UEFA Women's Championship

See also: UEFA Women's Championship § Participation details
More information Team, 1984 (4) ...

FIFA U-20 World Cup

Main article: FIFA U-20 World Cup records and statistics
More information FIFA U-20 World Cup record, Team ...

FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup

See also: FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup § Comprehensive team results in each World Cup
More information FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup record, Team ...

FIFA U-17 World Cup

Main article: FIFA U-17 World Cup records and statistics
More information FIFA U-17 World Cup record, Team ...

FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup

See also: FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup § Comprehensive team results by tournament
More information FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup record, Team ...

FIFA Futsal World Cup

Main article: FIFA Futsal World Cup § Comprehensive team results by tournament
More information FIFA Futsal World Cup record, Team ...

FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup

Main article: FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup records and statistics
More information Team, Beach Soccer World Championship record ...

Former tournaments

FIFA Confederations Cup

Main article: FIFA Confederations Cup records and statistics
More information FIFA Confederations Cup record, Team ...

Sanctions

Against associations

Against clubs

  • Albania Albania, in 1967 special sanctions were imposed against 1966–67 Albanian Superliga due to its political background
  • England England, in 1985–1991 sanctions were imposed against English association football clubs due to the Heysel Stadium disaster by suspending their participation in continental competitions for five years
  • Italy Italy, in 1974–1975 sanctions were imposed against SS Lazio due to its fans, Italy was restricted from the European Cup to which Lazio qualified
  • Netherlands Netherlands, in 1990–1991 sanctions were imposed against AFC Ajax due to its fans, the Netherlands were restricted from the European Cup to which Ajax qualified

Corruption and controversy

Dissatisfied fans across Europe have referred to the organisation as UEFA mafia, including in Russia's top league,[47] in Bulgaria's top league,[48] and in a Champions League group stage match held in Sweden.[49] The term has also been covered for its use outside of stadiums, for example during a protest in Kosovo outside an EU building following the Serbia v Albania (UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying) match.[50] F.C. Copenhagen supporters displayed banners around the city, with slogans such as "UEFA MAFIA – THE PANDEMIC OF FOOTBALL", when UEFA ordered their 2019–20 Europa League round of 16 return leg be played behind closed doors, despite reduced capacity being allowed by the Danish government.[51]

Following the 2015 FIFA corruption case, the then-president of UEFA, Michel Platini, was also involved in the case. Swiss prosecutors accused FIFA president Sepp Blatter of making a "disloyal payment" of $2m (£1.6m) to Mr Platini. Swiss attorney general, Michael Lauber [de], stated: "We didn't interview Mr Platini as a witness, that's not true. We investigated against him in between as a witness and an accused person".[52][53] Both Platini and Sepp Blatter were banned from football-related activity. Platini appealed to Court of Arbitration for Sports, which lowered the six-year ban to four years. He further appealed to Swiss courts and the European Court of Human Rights but the courts rejected his appeals.[54]

In 2019 UEFA's decision to host Europa League Cup final in Baku, Azerbaijan left one of the finalists, Arsenal, with a decision to withdraw their Armenian player Henrikh Mkhitaryan out of the competition due to safety concerns,[55] and there has been long-standing debates about the extent to which the elite clubs or UEFA itself should exert the most influence on the game.[56] UEFA's decision to partner with blockchain company Chiliz in February 2022 was criticised and described as 'incomprehensible' by fan groups across Europe.[57]

See also

Resolutions

UEFA congress

Financial fair play

UEFA coefficient

UEFA presidents

Planned competitions

Notes

  1. Pronounced [ynjɔ̃ dez‿asɔsjɑsjɔ̃ øʁɔpeɛn də futbol].
  2. Pronounced [uˈni̯oːn deːɐ̯ ʔɔʏʁoˈpɛːɪʃn̩ ˈfuːsbalfɐˌbɛndə].
  3. Part of the British Olympic Association.
  4. Part of the National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark.
  5. Founded as Comité Français Interfédéral in 1907, a predecessor to the current federation.
  6. The current French FA, the French Football Federation (in its previous incarnation, the Comité Français Interfédéral), replaced the USFSA in 1907.
  7. Icelandic top-flight club football dates back to 1912 or 35 years prior to founding of KSI. All titles pre-1947 are recognized by KSI
  8. Former member of the Asian Football Confederation (1954–1974), joined UEFA after political pressure from Arab and Muslim members that refused to play against them. See also Foreign relations of Israel and International recognition of Israel.
  9. In 1992 Israel joined UEFA as an associate member, and thereafter Israeli clubs have played in the various UEFA club competitions, while the national teams have played in UEFA championships.
  10. Former member of the Asian Football Confederation (1994–2002), joined UEFA.
  11. Kazakhstan is a member of the Olympic Council of Asia rather than the European Olympic Committees.
  12. Founded as Związek Polski Piłki Nożnej (part of the disintegrated Austrian Football Union) in 1911, a predecessor to the current federation.
  13. Joined the German Football Association.
  14. Joined German FA
  15. In 1992, the Soviet Union was dissolved into 15 republics (10 in Europe and 5 in Asia) with the Russian Football Union being acknowledged as the direct successor of the Football Federation of the Soviet Union; in spring and summer of 1992 it was represented by teams of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
  16. Became Football Association of the Czech Republic and Slovak Football Association with both football associations acknowledged as its direct successor.
  17. In 1992, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia collapsed, with various federal republics becoming independent states. Serbia and Montenegro, which remained in SR Yugoslavia, formed a new, third Yugoslavia, called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. There was no direct successor of the Football Association of Yugoslavia. Four other successor republics formed their own football organisations.
    FR Yugoslavia was renamed the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro in 2003. In 2006, it was dissolved and the Football Association of Serbia became the successor of FA Yugoslavia. Montenegro created the Football Association of Montenegro.
  18. Including results of the Soviet Union.
  19. Chelsea qualified for Europa League's Round of 32 after finishing in third place in the group stage of the 2012–13 Champions League.
  20. Does Not Include East Germany.
  21. Including the Soviet Union.
  22. Including Czechoslovakia.
  23. Including Yugoslavia.
  24. There was no third place match in 1930; The United States and Yugoslavia lost in the semi-finals. FIFA recognizes the United States as the third-placed team and Yugoslavia as the fourth-placed team using the overall records of the teams in the 1930 FIFA World Cup.
  25. Austria qualified in 1938, but withdrew to play as part of Germany after being annexed.
  26. Both FIFA and UEFA consider that the national team of Germany succeeds West Germany and East Germany, the national team of Russia succeeds the USSR, the national team of Serbia succeeds Yugoslavia/Serbia and Montenegro, and the national team of the Czech Republic succeeds Czechoslovakia.
  27. Israel competed as Eretz Yisrael (Land of Israel) in 1934 and in 1938, with a team consisting exclusively of Jewish and British footballers from the Palestine Mandate.
  28. Republic of Ireland competed as the Irish Free State in 1934 and then as Ireland in 1938 and 1950.
  29. Russia's best result is quarter-finals in 2018. However, FIFA considers Russia as the successor team of the USSR.
  30. FIFA consider that the national teams of the Czech Republic and Slovakia succeeds Czechoslovakia.[45]
  31. The East German team represented the United Team of Germany in 1964, winning the bronze medal.
  32. The team represented the United Team of Germany in 1956, and the Federal Republic of Germany (i.e., West Germany) in 1972, 1984 and 1988, and winning the bronze medal in 1988.
  33. Includes three appearances as Czechoslovakia
  34. Includes five appearances as West Germany
  35. Greece entered the 1964 competition, but later withdrew after refusing to play Albania.
  36. Includes five appearances as the Soviet Union and one as CIS
  37. Includes four appearances as Yugoslavia and one as FR Yugoslavia
  38. Does not include Euro 1992 qualification and disqualification due to international sanctions
  39. Includes three appearances as Czechoslovakia.[46]
  40. Spain refused to travel to the Soviet Union for their qualification match, so the Soviet Union qualified by walkover.
  42. Kazakhstan represented AFC before 2000.
  43. The 2020 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, later postponed to 2021, was cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic.

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