Union_of_Benefices_Act_1898

Union of Benefices Act 1860

Union of Benefices Act 1860

United Kingdom legislation

The Union of Benefices Act 1860 (23 & 24 Vict. c. 142) was legislation which prevented the need for other acts[2] if following its prescribed three-stage scheme. It enabled reduction of the number of parish churches and vicars/rectors in London's "Metropolis", as defined by a narrower Act five years before. It instead allowed commissions to recommend dissolution to various parties, which would then be a formality agreed by Order-in-Council.

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It was chiefly used for the City of London,[3] as its residential population declined in favour of commercial land use[4] in the second half of the 19th century.[5]

Mechanism

  1. Sections 3 to 6 imposed and regulated prior, unpaid, commissions of inquiry.
    Three of the Commissioners shall be beneficed Clergymen residing within the Diocese, of whom One shall be nominated by the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of Saint Paul , and Two by the Bishop of the Diocese, and the remaining Two shall be Lay Members of the Church of England and shall be nominated to the Bishop by the Corporation of the City of London"
  2. Section 7.
    If the Return to the Commission shall recommend an Union, the Bishop shall cause Proposals for a Scheme, based upon the Terms recommended, to be prepared for effecting the Union, which Proposals, with the Consent thereto in Writing of the Patron or Patrons of each of the Benefices affected, shall be transmitted by the Bishop to the Churchwardens of each Parish proposed to be united, in order that the same may be considered by the Inhabitants in Vestry assembled; and all such Proposals shall have especial Regard to the Residence of the Incumbent on the Benefice proposed to be constituted the united Benefice, and shall contain all necessary Provisions conducing to such Residence."
  3. Section 8.
    Vestry to notify Assent, Suggestions for modification or Objections. Bishop to transmit final Proposals to Ecclesiastical Commissioners, to prepare Scheme, and certify same to the Queen in Council (in practice the Privy Council of the United Kingdom).

Eventual effects

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As churchyards were emptied for buildings such as the new railway stations and roads, many remains were exhumed and re-interred in the City of London Cemetery.

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This Act was extended by the Union of Benefices Act 1898 (61 & 62 Vict. c. 23) This simply stated any such scheme "may be made if it provides for the erection of another church or parsonage for a benefice in the vicinity of the metropolis" [including] "any benefice within or partly within the Metropolitan Police District".

Notes

  1. [1]
    The citation of this Act by this short title was authorised by the Short Titles Act 1896, section 1 and the first schedule.  Due to the repeal of those provisions it is now authorised by section 19(2) of the Interpretation Act 1978.
  2. [2]
    Borer, M.I.C. The City of London – a history. New York, D. McKay Co, 1978 ISBN 0-09-461880-1
  3. [3]
    Huelin, G. Vanished Churches of the City of London, London Guildhall Library Publishing 1996 ISBN 0-900422-42-4
  4. [4]
    The 1860 United Benefices Act Wright, G.W. in "Notes and Queries" 1943 184(10):290-291
  5. [5]
    Reynolds, H. The Churches of the City of London. London, Bodley Head, 1922
  6. [6]
    Tower and other components re-erected at All Hallows, Twickenham
  7. [7]
    Tower remains. Betjeman, John (1992) [1967]. The City of London Churches. Andover: Pitkin. ISBN 0-85372-565-9.
  8. [8]
    The Times, Tuesday, 20 June 1899; pg. 8; Issue 35860; col A Ecclesiastical Intelligence Ancient church closes
  9. [9]
    "Local Administrative Units: Southern England" Youngs, F London: Royal Historical Society, 1979 ISBN 978-0-901050-67-0
  10. [10]
    Viewed by many as the most tragic loss of all "Notes on Old City Churches" Pearce, C.W. (Winthrop Rogers Ltd 1909)
  11. [11]
    To make way for the new Queen Victoria Street. Harben, H. (1918). A Dictionary of London. London: Herbert Jenkins.
  12. [12]
    Proceeds went to building of St Dionis, Parson's Green
  13. [13]
    A survey at the beginning of the century had identified it had not been used for worship in 10 years The Times, 23 June 1900; pg. 15; Issue 36176; col F Survey Of The Memorials Of London.
  14. [14]
    2 December 1886 Huelin (ibid)
  15. [15]
    Demolition details
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