United_States_House_of_Representatives,_Massachusetts_District_1
Massachusetts's 1st congressional district
U.S. House district for Massachusetts
Massachusetts's 1st congressional district is a United States congressional district located in the western and central part of Massachusetts. The state's largest congressional district in area, it covers about one-third of the state and is more rural than the rest. It has the state's highest point, Mount Greylock; the district includes the cities of Springfield, West Springfield, Pittsfield, Holyoke, Agawam, Chicopee and Westfield.
Quick Facts Representative, Area ...
| Massachusetts's 1st congressional district | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023 | |||
| Representative |
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| Area | 3,101.14 sq mi (8,031.9 km2) | ||
| Distribution |
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| Population (2022) | 772,032 | ||
| Median household income | $68,956[1] | ||
| Ethnicity |
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| Occupation |
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| Cook PVI | D+9[2] | ||
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The shape of the district underwent some changes effective from the elections of 2012, after Massachusetts congressional redistricting to reflect the 2010 census.[3] The old 1st and 2nd districts were essentially merged, placing most of western Massachusetts in a single district. The entire Springfield area is included in the new 1st district, and the Worcester County areas of the old 1st district were split between the new 2nd and 3rd districts.
Richard Neal, a Democrat from Springfield, represents the district; he previously represented the old 2nd from 1989 to 2013.
All of Berkshire County, all of Hampden County (except for Precinct 1A in Palmer), and the following towns and cities:
In Franklin County: Ashfield, Bernardston, Buckland, Charlemont, Colrain, Conway, Hawley, Heath, Leyden, Monroe, Rowe, and Shelburne.
In Hampshire County: Chesterfield, Cummington, Easthampton, Goshen, Granby, Huntington, Middlefield, Plainfield, South Hadley, Southampton, Westhampton, Williamsburg, and Worthington.
In Worcester County: Brookfield, Charlton, Dudley, East Brookfield, Southbridge, Sturbridge, and Warren.
More information Member, Party ...
| Member | Party | Years | Cong ress |
Electoral history | District location |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District created March 4, 1789 | |||||
Fisher Ames (Dedham) |
Pro-Administration | March 4, 1789 – March 3, 1793 |
1st 2nd |
Elected in 1788. Re-elected in 1790. |
1789–1793 Suffolk County |
| General ticket: Four members from the same district March 4, 1793 – March 3, 1795 |
3rd | Re-elected in 1792 with three others on a general ticket representing the district from Suffolk County. Redistricted to the 8th district. |
1793–1795 Suffolk County, Middlesex County, and Essex County | ||
Samuel Dexter (Lunenburg) |
Pro-Administration | Elected in 1792 with three others on a general ticket representing the district from Middlesex County. Redistricted to the 9th district and lost re-election. | |||
Benjamin Goodhue (Salem) |
Pro-Administration | Redistricted from the 2nd district and re-elected in 1792 with three others on a general ticket representing the district from Essex County. Redistricted to the 10th district. | |||
Samuel Holten (Danvers) |
Anti-Administration | Elected in 1792 with three others on a general ticket representing the district at-large. Redistricted to the 10th district and lost re-election. | |||
Theodore Sedgwick (Great Barrington) |
Federalist | March 4, 1795 – June 11, 1796 |
4th | Redistricted from the 2nd district and re-elected in 1794. Resigned to become U.S. Senator. |
1795–1803 "1st Western district" |
| Vacant | June 1796 – January 27, 1797 | ||||
Thomson J. Skinner (Williamstown) |
Democratic-Republican | January 27, 1797 – March 3, 1799 |
Elected to finish Sedgwick's term. Re-elected in 1796. Retired. | ||
| 5th | |||||
Theodore Sedgwick (Great Barrington) |
Federalist | March 4, 1799 – March 3, 1801 |
6th | Elected in 1798. Retired. | |
| John Bacon (Stockbridge) |
Democratic-Republican | March 4, 1801 – March 3, 1803 |
7th | Elected in 1800. Retired. | |
William Eustis (Boston) |
Democratic-Republican | March 4, 1803 – March 3, 1805 |
8th | Redistricted from the 8th district and re-elected in 1802. Lost re-election. |
1803–1813 "Suffolk district" |
Josiah Quincy III (Boston) |
Federalist | March 4, 1805 – March 3, 1813 |
9th 10th 11th 12th |
Elected in 1804. Re-elected in 1806. Re-elected in 1808. Re-elected in 1810. Retired. | |
| Artemas Ward Jr. (Boston) |
Federalist | March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1817 |
13th 14th |
Elected in 1812. Re-elected in 1814. Retired. |
1813–1823 "Suffolk district" |
Jonathan Mason (Boston) |
Federalist | March 4, 1817 – May 15, 1820 |
15th 16th |
Elected August 26, 1817 to Representative-elect James Lloyd's term and seated December 2, 1816.[4] Re-elected in 1818. Resigned to pursue law practice. | |
| Vacant | May 15, 1820 – November 6, 1820 |
16th | |||
| Benjamin Gorham (Boston) |
Democratic-Republican | November 6, 1820 – March 3, 1823 |
16th 17th |
Elected to finish Mason's term. Also elected to the next term in 1820. Retired. | |
Daniel Webster (Boston) |
Adams-Clay Federalist | March 4, 1823 – March 3, 1825 |
18th 19th 20th |
Elected in 1822. Re-elected in 1824. Re-elected in 1826, but resigned to become U.S. Senator. |
1823–1833 "Suffolk district" |
| Anti-Jacksonian | March 4, 1825 – May 30, 1827 | ||||
| Vacant | May 30, 1827 – July 23, 1827 |
20th | |||
| Benjamin Gorham (Boston) |
Anti-Jacksonian | July 23, 1827 – March 3, 1831 |
20th 21st |
Elected to finish Webster's term. Re-elected in 1828. Retired. | |
Nathan Appleton (Boston) |
Anti-Jacksonian | March 4, 1831 – March 3, 1833 |
22nd | Elected in 1830. Retired. | |
| Benjamin Gorham (Boston) |
Anti-Jacksonian | March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1835 |
23rd | Elected in 1833. [data missing] |
1833–1843 [data missing] |
Abbott Lawrence (Boston) |
Anti-Jacksonian | March 4, 1835 – March 3, 1837 |
24th | Elected in 1834. Retired. | |
Richard Fletcher (Boston) |
Whig | March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1839 |
25th | Elected in 1836. Re-elected in 1838, but declined to serve. | |
| Vacant | March 4, 1839 – November 11, 1839 |
26th | |||
Abbott Lawrence (Boston) |
Whig | November 11, 1839 – September 18, 1840 |
Elected to finish Fletcher's term. Resigned. | ||
| Vacant | September 18, 1840 – November 9, 1840 | ||||
Robert C. Winthrop (Boston) |
Whig | November 9, 1840 – May 25, 1842 |
26th 27th |
Elected to finish Lawrence's term. Also elected to the next term in 1840. Resigned. | |
| Vacant | May 25, 1842 – June 9, 1842 |
27th | |||
Nathan Appleton (Boston) |
Whig | June 9, 1842 – September 28, 1842 |
Elected to finish Winthrop's term. Resigned. | ||
| Vacant | September 28, 1842 – November 29, 1842 | ||||
Robert C. Winthrop (Boston) |
Whig | November 29, 1842 – July 30, 1850 |
27th 28th 29th 30th 31st |
Elected to finish Appleton's term. Also elected to the next term in 1842. Re-elected in 1844. Re-elected in 1846. Re-elected in 1848. Resigned to become U.S. Senator. | |
| 1843–1853 "City of Boston."[5] | |||||
| Vacant | July 30, 1850 – August 22, 1850 |
31st | |||
Samuel A. Eliot (Boston) |
Whig | August 22, 1850 – March 3, 1851 |
Elected to finish Winthrop's term. Retired. | ||
William Appleton (Boston) |
Whig | March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853 |
32nd | Elected in 1850. Redistricted to the 5th district. | |
Zeno Scudder (Barnstable) |
Whig | March 4, 1853 – March 4, 1854 |
33rd | Redistricted from the 10th district and re-elected in 1852. Retired because of injury. |
1853–1863 [data missing] |
| Vacant | March 4, 1854 – April 17, 1854 | ||||
Thomas D. Eliot (New Bedford) |
Whig | April 17, 1854 – March 3, 1855 |
Elected to finish Scudder's term. Retired. | ||
Robert B. Hall (Plymouth) |
American (Know Nothing) |
March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857 |
34th 35th |
Elected in 1854. Re-elected in 1856. [data missing] | |
| Republican | March 4, 1857 – March 3, 1859 | ||||
Thomas D. Eliot (New Bedford) |
Republican | March 4, 1859 – March 3, 1869 |
36th 37th 38th 39th 40th[6] |
Elected in 1858. Re-elected in 1860. Re-elected in 1862. Re-elected in 1864. Re-elected in 1866. Retired. | |
| 1863–1873 "All of Barnstable, Dukes and Nantucket counties; the city of New Bedford and towns of Dartmouth and Fairhaven, in Bristol county; the towns of Carver, Kingston, Plymouth, Plympton, Rochester, and Wareham, in Plymouth county."[7] | |||||
James Buffinton (Fall River) |
Republican | March 4, 1869 – March 7, 1875 |
41st 42nd 43rd 44th[8] |
Elected in 1868. Re-elected in 1870. Re-elected in 1872. Re-elected in 1874. Died. | |
| 1873–1883 [data missing] | |||||
| Vacant | March 7, 1875 – November 2, 1875 |
44th | |||
William W. Crapo (New Bedford) |
Republican | November 2, 1875 – March 3, 1883 |
44th 45th 46th 47th[9][10] |
Elected to finish Buffinton's term. Re-elected in 1876. Re-elected in 1878. Re-elected in 1880. Retired. | |
Robert T. Davis (Fall River) |
Republican | March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1889 |
48th 49th 50th |
Elected in 1882. Re-elected in 1884. Re-elected in 1886. Retired. |
1883–1893 [data missing] |
Charles S. Randall (New Bedford) |
Republican | March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1893 |
51st 52nd |
Elected in 1888. Re-elected in 1890. Redistricted to the 13th district. | |
Ashley B. Wright (North Adams) |
Republican | March 4, 1893 – August 14, 1897 |
53rd 54th 55th[11] |
Elected in 1892. Re-elected in 1894. Re-elected in 1896. Died. |
1893–1903 [data missing] |
| Vacant | August 14, 1897 – November 2, 1897 |
55th | |||
George P. Lawrence (North Adams) |
Republican | November 2, 1897 – March 3, 1913 |
55th 56th 57th 58th 59th 60th 61st 62nd[12][13] |
Elected to finish Wright's term. Re-elected in 1898. Re-elected in 1900. Re-elected in 1902. Re-elected in 1904. Re-elected in 1906. Re-elected in 1908. Re-elected in 1910. Retired. | |
| 1903–1913 [data missing] | |||||
Allen T. Treadway (Stockbridge) |
Republican | March 4, 1913 – January 3, 1945 |
63rd 64th 65th 66th 67th 68th 69th 70th 71st 72nd 73rd 74th 75th 76th 77th 78th[14] |
Elected in 1912. Re-elected in 1914. Re-elected in 1916. Re-elected in 1918. Re-elected in 1920. Re-elected in 1922. Re-elected in 1924. Re-elected in 1926. Re-elected in 1928. Re-elected in 1930. Re-elected in 1932. Re-elected in 1934. Re-elected in 1936. Re-elected in 1938. Re-elected in 1940. Re-elected in 1942. Retired. |
1913–1933 "Berkshire County. Franklin County: Ashfield, Buckland, Charlemont, Colrain, Conway, Greenfield, Hawley, Heath, Leyden, Monroe, Rowe, Shelburne. Hampshire County: Chesterfield, Cummington, Goshen, Huntington, Middlefield, Plainfield, Southampton, Westhampton, Worthington. Hampden County: Holyoke, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland, and Westfield."[15] |
| 1933–1943 [data missing] | |||||
| 1943–1953 [data missing] | |||||
John W. Heselton (Deerfield) |
Republican | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1959 |
79th 80th 81st 82nd 83rd 84th 85th |
Elected in 1944. Re-elected in 1946. Re-elected in 1948. Re-elected in 1950. Re-elected in 1952. Re-elected in 1954. Re-elected in 1956. Retired. | |
| 1953–1963 "Berkshire County. Franklin County Hamdpen County: Holyoke, Westfield, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, and Tolland. Hampshire County: Belchertown, Chesterfield, Cummington, Goshen, Huntington, Middlefield, Pelham, Plainfield, Southampton, Westhampton, Williamsburg, Worthington. Worcester County: Athol, Petersham, Phillipston, Royalston, Templeton."[16] | |||||
Silvio O. Conte (Pittsfield) |
Republican | January 3, 1959 – February 8, 1991 |
86th 87th 88th 89th 90th 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th 98th 99th 100th 101st 102nd |
Elected in 1958. Re-elected in 1960. Re-elected in 1962. Re-elected in 1964. Re-elected in 1966. Re-elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Re-elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Died. | |
| 1963–1973 "Berkshire County: North Adams, Pittsfield, Adams, Alford, Becket, Cheshire, Clarksburg, Dalton, Egremont, Florida, Great Barrington, Hancock, Hinsdale, Lanesborough, Lee, Lenox, Monterey, Mount Washington, New Ashford, New Marlborough, Otis, Peru, Richmond, Sandisfield, Savoy, Sheffield, Stockbridge, Tyringham, Washington, West Stockbridge, Williamstown, Windsor. Franklin County: Ashfield, Bernardston, Buckland, Charlemont, Colrain, Conway, Deerfield, Erving, Gill, Greenfield, Hawley, Heath, Leverett, Leyden, Monroe, Montague, New Salem, Northfield, Orange, Rowe, Shelburne, Shutesbury, Sunderland, Warwick, Wendell, Whately. Hampden County: Cities of Holyoke, Westfield, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland. Hampshire County: Northampton, Amherst, Chesterfield, Cummington, Easthampton, Goshen, Hadley, Hatfield, Huntington, Middlefield, Pelham, Plainfield, Southampton, Westhampton, Williamsburg, Worthington. Worcester County: Athol, Petersham, Phillipston, Royalston, Templeton."[17][lower-alpha 1] | |||||
| 1973–1983 "Berkshire County. Franklin County: All except Orange. Hampden County: Holyoke, Westfield, Agawam, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland, West Springfield. Hampshire County: Northampton and all towns."[19] | |||||
| 1983–1993 [data missing] | |||||
| Vacant | February 8, 1991 – June 18, 1991 |
102nd | |||
John Olver (Amherst) |
Democratic | June 18, 1991 – January 3, 2013 |
102nd 103rd 104th 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th 111th 112th |
Elected to finish Conte's term. Re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Re-elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Retired.[20] | |
| 1993–2003 [data missing] | |||||
| 2003–2013 All of Berkshire County and Franklin County as well as the following towns and cities: In Hampden County: Blandford, Chester, Granville, Holyoke, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland, Westfield, West Springfield. In Hampshire County: Amherst, Belchertown, Chesterfield, Cummington, Easthampton, Goshen, Granby, Hatfield, Huntington, Middlefield, Pelham, Plainfield, Southampton, Ware, Westhampton, Williamsburg, Worthington. In Middlesex County: Ashby, Pepperell, Townsend. In Worcester County: Ashburnham, Athol, Barre, Fitchburg, Gardner, Hardwick, Hubbardston, Leominster, Lunenburg, New Braintree, Oakham, Petersham, Phillipston, Royalston, Sterling, Templeton, West Brookfield, Westminster, Winchendon. | |||||
Richard Neal (Springfield) |
Democratic | January 3, 2013 – present |
113th 114th 115th 116th 117th 118th |
Redistricted from the 2nd district and re-elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Re-elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Re-elected in 2022. |
2013–2023 Berkshire County. Hampden County All except Precinct 1A in Palmer. In western Franklin County: Ashfield, Bernardston, Buckland, Charlemont, Colrain, Conway, Hawley, Heath, Leyden, Monroe, Rowe, Shelburne. In western Hampshire County: Chesterfield, Cummington, Easthampton, Goshen, Granby, Huntington, Middlefield, Plainfield, South Hadley, Southampton, Westhampton, Williamsburg, Worthington. In southwestern Worcester County: Brookfield, Charlton, Dudley, East Brookfield, Southbridge, Sturbridge, Warren. |
| 2023–present | |||||
Close
2002
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | John Olver (incumbent) | 137,841 | 67.56 | |
| Republican | Matthew Kinnaman | 66,061 | 32.40 | |
| Write-in | 117 | 0.06 | ||
| Majority | 71,780 | 35.18 | ||
| Turnout | 204,019 | |||
| Democratic hold | ||||
Close
2004
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | John Olver (incumbent) | 229,465 | 99.02 | + 31.46 | |
| Write-in | 2,282 | 0.98 | + 0.92 | ||
| Majority | 227,183 | 98.04 | + 62.86 | ||
| Turnout | 231,747 | ||||
| Democratic hold | Swing | ||||
Close
2006
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | John Olver (incumbent) | 158,035 | 76% | |
| Unenrolled challenger | William H. Szych | 49,123 | 24% | |
| Socialist | Eric Chester | <253 | <1% | |
| Democratic hold | ||||
Close
2008
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | John Olver (incumbent) | 215,696 | 69.7% | |
| Republican | Nathan Bech | 80,067 | 25.9% | |
| Democratic hold | ||||
Close
2010
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | John Olver (incumbent) | 128,011 | 60% | |
| Republican | William L. Gunn Jr. | 74,418 | 34.9% | |
| Independent | Michael Engel | 10,880 | 5.1% | |
| Democratic hold | ||||
Close
2012
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Neal (redistricted incumbent) | 40,295 | 65.4 | |
| Democratic | Andrea F. Nuciforo Jr. | 15,159 | 24.63 | |
| Democratic | Bill Shein | 6,059 | 9.85 | |
| Write-in | Other | 0.05 | 0.1 | |
| Total votes | 61,546 | 100 | ||
Close
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard E. Neal (redistricted incumbent) | 261,936 | 98.42 | |
| Write-in | Other | 4,197 | 1.58 | |
| Total votes | 266,133 | 100 | ||
Close
2014
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Neal (Incumbent) | 44,857 | 98.45 | |
| Write-in | Other | 706 | 1.55 | |
| Total votes | 45,563 | 100 | ||
Close
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard E. Neal (Incumbent) | 167,612 | 97.97 | |
| Write-in | Other | 3,498 | 2.04 | |
| Total votes | 171,110 | 100 | ||
Close
2016
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Neal (Incumbent) | 44,857 | 98.45 | |
| Write-in | Other | 706 | 1.55 | |
| Total votes | 45,563 | 100 | ||
Close
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard E. Neal (Incumbent) | 235,803 | 73.34 | |
| Independent | Frederick O. Mayock | 57,504 | 17.88 | |
| Libertarian | Thomas T. Simmons | 27,511 | 8.56 | |
| Write-in | Other | 721 | 0.22 | |
| Total votes | 321,539 | 100 | ||
Close
2018
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Neal (Incumbent) | 49,696 | 70.64 | |
| Democratic | Tahirah Amatul-Wadud | 20,565 | 29.23 | |
| Write-in | Other | 93 | 0.13 | |
| Total votes | 70,354 | 100 | ||
Close
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard E. Neal (Incumbent) | 211,790 | 97.64 | |
| Write-in | Other | 5,110 | 2.36 | |
| Total votes | 216,900 | 100 | ||
Close
2020
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Neal (Incumbent) | 83,437 | 58.8 | |
| Democratic | Alex Morse | 58,390 | 41.2 | |
| Write-in | Other | |||
| Total votes | ||||
Close
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Neal (Incumbent) | 275,376 | 96.5% | |
| Write-in | Other | 9,956 | 3.5% | |
| Total votes | ||||
Close
2022
More information Party, Candidate ...
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Richard Neal (incumbent) | 157,635 | 61.5% | |
| Republican | Dean Martilli | 98,386 | 38.4% | |
| Write-in | 378 | 0.1% | ||
| Total votes | 263,651 | 100% | ||
Close
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- One source has a different list for the second session of the 88th Congress, which met in 1972: "Berkshire County: All cities and towns. Franklin County: All towns. Hampden County: Cities of Holyoke and Westfield. Towns of Agawam, Blandford, Chester, Granville, Montgomery, Russell, Southwick, Tolland, and West Springfield. Hampshire County: City of Northampton. Towns of Amherst, Chesterfield, Cummington, Easthampton, Goshen, Hadley, Hatfield, Huntington, Middlefield, Pelham, Plainfleld, Southampton, Westhampton, Williamsburg, and Worthington. Worcester County: Towns of Athol, Barre, Hardwick, Hubbardston, New Braintree, Oakham, Petersham, Phillipston, Royalston. Rutland, and Templeton."[18]
- "My Congressional District / Massachusetts / District 1". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 5, 2023 – via Census.gov.
- "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
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- "Fourteenth Congress March 4, 1815 to March 3, 1817". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 11, 2019 – via History.house.gov.
- John Hayward (1849). "Congressional Districts". Gazetteer of Massachusetts. Boston: J.P. Jewett & Co. hdl:2027/mdp.39015078325076.
- "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the Second Session of the Thirty-Seventh Congress. Washington, D.C.: Postmaster of the United States House of Representatives. 1861.
- "Congressional Districts". Massachusetts Register 1862. Boston: Adams, Sampson, & Co. 1862.
- Ben. Perley Poore (1869). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Forty-First Congress (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081796686.
- Ben. Perley Poore (1878). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 45th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. ISBN 9780160411762.
- Ben. Perley Poore (1882). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 47th Congress (3rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
- L.A. Coolidge (1897). "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Fifth Congress. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
- A.J. Halford (1903). "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: Fifty-Eighth Congress. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
- A.J. Halford (1909). "Massachusetts". Congressional Directory: 60th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
- "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 75th Congress (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1938.
- "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 64th Congress. 1991/1992- : S. Pub. (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1916. hdl:2027/uc1.l0075858456.
- "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 83rd Congress. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1953. hdl:2027/mdp.39015038055821.
- "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 88th Congress. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1963. hdl:2027/mdp.39015071164118.
- "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 92nd Congress. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1972. hdl:2027/mdp.39015011922419.
- "Massachusetts". Official Congressional Directory: 93rd Congress. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1973. hdl:2027/mdp.39015038055771.
- "U.S. Rep. John Olver announces plan to retire when term ends next year". masslive.com. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
- "2012 U.S. House Democratic Primary 1st Congressional District". PD43+. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- "STATISTICS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS OF NOVEMBER 6, 2012". United States House of Representatives. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- "2016 U.S. House Democratic Primary 1st Congressional District". PD43+. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- "STATISTICS OF THE CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS OF NOVEMBER 4, 2014". United States House of Representatives. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- "2016 U.S. House Democratic Primary 1st Congressional District". PD43+. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- "STATISTICS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS OF NOVEMBER 8, 2016". United States House of Representatives. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- "2018 U.S. House Democratic Primary 1st Congressional District". PD43+. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- "STATISTICS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS OF NOVEMBER 6, 2018". United States House of Representatives. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Massachusetts's 1st congressional district.
- "CNN.com Election 2004". Retrieved March 15, 2019 – via CNN.com.
- "CNN.com - Elections 2006". CNN.com. Retrieved March 15, 2019.
- "Massachusetts Congressional Districts" (PDF). Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth. January 1, 2018. Retrieved March 15, 2019.
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