Valle de Villaverde (also, until 2005, Villaverde de Trucíos^[2]) is a town and municipality in the autonomous community of Cantabria, Spain.^[2] It is surrounded by the Basque municipalities of Carranza, Arcentales, and Trucíos, but the town belongs to the administration of the government of Cantabria.^[3] Thus, it is an enclave of Biscay and an exclave of Cantabria.

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Valle de Villaverde
Municipality
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Valle de Villaverde in Cantabria
Valle de Villaverde Location in Spain Show map of Spain Valle de Villaverde Valle de Villaverde (Cantabria) Show map of Cantabria
Coordinates: 43°14′43″N 3°15′37″W
Country	Spain
Autonomous community	Cantabria
Province	Cantabria
Comarca	Asón-Agüera
Judicial district	Castro Urdiales
Capital	La Matanza
Government
• Alcalde	Pedro María Llaguno Artolachipi (2007) (PRC)
Area
• Total	19.53 km2 (7.54 sq mi)
Elevation	190 m (620 ft)
Population  (2018)[1]
• Total	286
• Density	15/km2 (38/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	39880
Official language(s)	Spanish

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In the south of the municipality are the headwaters of the Río Agüera, whose valley includes altitudes of more than 400 metres (1,300 feet). The municipality is crossed from west to east by the Santander-Bilbao railway line operated by FEVE.

The municipality is made up of the following localities:

• La Altura^[3]
• El Campo^[3]
• La Capitana^[3]
• Los Hoyos^[3]
• La Iglesia^[3]
• Laiseca^[3]
• La Matanza (the capital)^[3]
• Mollinedo^[3]
• Palacio^[3]
• Villanueva^[3]

The area was settled in pre-Roman times not by the Cantabri but by the Autrigones.^[2] It was colonized by Rome,^[2] and later became part of the Kingdom of Asturias, as did the rest of Las Encartaciones and the heart of Biscay.^{[citation needed]}

The valley was purchased in the mid-15th century by Pedro Fernández de Velasco, at which point it ceased to be part of Biscay, the antecedent to its current status as an enclave. The 1822 and 1833 territorial divisions of Spain gave it the name Villaverde de Trucíos; in 2005 it returned to its traditional name, Valle de Villaverde.^[2]

The region was devastated in the Carlist battles of 1875; as a result, few old buildings survive.^[4] One notable older building is the Church of Santa María, its interior in ruins due to the 1875 fighting and later abandonment.^[5]

As with the larger Enclave of Treviño (a Burgalese exclave surrounded by Álava), Basque nationalists wish to incorporate Valle de Villaverde into the surrounding Basque province, in this case Biscay. Also similarly, this intent is opposed by the Cantabrian government: Miguel Ángel Revilla, president of the autonomous community of Cantabria was clear in his unwillingness to cede the municipality. In 1979, deputies (congressmen) Xabier Arzalluz of the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) and Juan María Bandrés of Euskadiko Ezkerra, affirmed that Article 8 of the then-new Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country was intended to integrate the enclave of Treviño into Álava and the enclave of Villaverde into Biscay.^[6]

Although the leading political party in municipal elections in recent years has been the Regionalist Party of Cantabria, in decades past Valle de Villaverde (then Villaverde de Trucíos) was more inclined to integrate itself into the surrounding province of Biscay. Piedad González, mayor of Villaverde de Trucíos beginning in May 1983,^[7] originally as a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party^[8] and later as an independent socialist, was described by El País in 1987 as an "impenitent defender of integration into Biscay."^[9]

The following tables show the results of the 2003 and 2007 municipal elections.^[10]