Voiceless_bilabial_fricative

Voiceless bilabial fricative

Voiceless bilabial fricative

Consonantal sound represented by ⟨ɸ⟩ in IPA

"ɸ" redirects here. For the Greek letter, see Phi (letter). For the Cyrillic letter, see Ef (Cyrillic). For the Armenian letter, see Piwr (letter).

The voiceless bilabial fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɸ⟩, a Latinised form of the Greek letter Phi.

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Features

Features of the voiceless bilabial fricative:

  • Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
  • Its place of articulation is bilabial, which means it is articulated with both lips.
  • Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
  • It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
  • Because the sound is not produced with airflow over the tongue, the central–lateral dichotomy does not apply.
  • The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.

Occurrence

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See also

References

  1. [1]
    Watson, Kevin (2007). Illustrations of the IPA: Liverpool English (Cambridge University Press ed.). Journal of the International Phonetic Association 37. pp. 351–360.
  2. [2]
    Ladefoged (2005:156)
  3. [3]
    Hall (1944:75)
  4. [4]
    Okada (1999:118)
  5. [5]
    Boyd-Bowman (1953:229)
  6. [6]
    Cotton & Sharp (1988:15)
  7. [7]
    Wetzels & Mascaró (2001), p. 224.
  8. [8]
    "Microsoft Word - codaobs-roa.do" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-04-21.
  9. [9]
    Pérez, Aguilar & Jiménez (1998:225–228)
  10. [10]
    "The language of the Shom Pen: a language isolate in the Nicobar Islands" (PDF). Mother Tongue. 12: 179–202.
  11. [11]
    Göksel & Kerslake (2005:6)

Sources
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This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Voiceless_bilabial_fricative, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.